Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The postoperative courses of 26 patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit after different types of surgery on their portal tree are studied. All were diagnosed as having portal hypertension secondary to chronic liver disease and had presented one or more episodes of bleeding. Those complications of greater risk with an important early mortality rate are: 1) recurrence of the gastrointestinal hemorrhage, independently of the type of lesion which originates it; 2) recurrence of ascites because these patients more often develop dehiscence of the abdominal wall, serious dilutional hyponatremia and severe functional renal insufficiency; 3) acute renal failure, both functional or caused by an organic tubulo-interstitial nephropathy; 4) peritonitis; 5) persistent hepatolytic episode; 6) hyperdynamic heart failure; and 7) re-operations in general, independently of the causes. The frequency of these complications and the greater or lesser seriousness of their development in the postoperative period are dependent on: 1) the age of the patient with a better prognosis for those under 50; 2) the histopathologic type of the hepatic lesion, with hepatic fibrosis having a more favourable evolution in comparison with cirrhosis; 3) the degree of decompensation of the hepatopathy immediately before the operation, evaluating signs of functional hepatic deficit, cytolysis and degree of portal hypertension. The greater the preoperative activity, the worse the postsurgical prognosis. 4) The elective or urgent character of the surgery. During the postoperative course of emergency surgery all types of complications may appear. The emergency operation which has effectively achieved the stopping of the esophageal bleeding has been the porto-azygos disconnection, which allows later a portosystemic shunt with a greater probability of success. 5) The type of anastomosis carried out. Radicular shunts were those which had a lower postoperative mortality rate and those which progressed better because of the small number of problems occurring in the early postoperative period.
 ...
PMID:[Postoperative care in portal hypertension surgery (author's transl)]. 43 Nov 56

Twenty patients with biopsy proved liver disease, and roentgenologic features of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy have been studied, and the literature has been reviewed. The syndrome is a rare association of many chronic liver diseases, including primary biliary cirrhosis, bile duct carcinoma, benign bile duct stricture, chronic active hepatitis, posthepatitic cirrhosis and alcoholic cirrhosis. Patients may be asymptomatic, although bone pain, arthralgia or arthritis may be presenting symptoms. Ninety per cent of the patients are clinical jaundiced at the time of diagnosis, and 95 per cent have digital clubbing. The distal tibia and fibula are the first bones to become involved, although wrist, foot bones, femurs, hand bones and humeri may be affected in order of frequency. There is no correlation between the presence of esophageal varices or surgical portacaval shunts and the extent of the syndrome, neither is there a correlation with the degree of liver function impairment. Serum calcium and phosphate levels are normal, as is urinary hydroxyproline and estrogen excretion. There was no evidence to implicate elevated levels of growth hormone or overdosage of vitamin A. Although the majority of patients tested had mild arterial hypoxemia, increased cardiac output and evidence of right to left shunting, these were also present in disease-matched control subjects without osteoarthropathy. For screening purposes, patients with chronic liver disease and clubbing should have roentgenologic studies of the lower tibias and fibulas, to select those patients suitable for a more extensive skeletal survey.
 ...
PMID:Hypertrophic hepatic osteoarthropathy. Clinical, roentgenologic, biochemical, hormonal and cardiorespiratory studies, and review of the literature. 46 21

Twenty-six of 388 patients (6.7%) followed prospectively after open-heart surgery developed non-A, non-B hepatitis. Of these 26, 12 had an elevated (often fluctuating) serum alanine aminotransferase (SGPT) for greater than 1 year. Liver biopsy, done in eight of 12, showed chronic active hepatitis in six and chronic persistent hepatitis in two; one patient with chronic active hepatitis had early cirrhosis. Anicteric patients with peak SGPT greater then 300 IU/L were at greatest risk of developing chronic hepatitis. Chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis was symptomatically mild and unaccompanied by physical signs or laboratory evidence of autoimmune disease or severe chronic liver disease. In all 12 patients there was spontaneous improvement in serum transaminase over a period of 1 to 3 years, and four patients had sustained normalization of SGPT. Thus chronic active hepatitis is a common sequela of acute non-A, non-B hepatitis but may have a better prognosis than chronic active hepatitis of other causes.
 ...
PMID:The chronic sequelae of non-A, non-B hepatitis. 46 17

Twenty-six untreated patients with chronic persistent hepatitis were followed prospectively for one to 17 years (mean 5.6 years). The patients developed no clinical features of chronic liver disease. Raised serum transaminase levels were usually, but not consistently, the only biochemical abnormality; gamma globulin values were normal. Serum markers of past or present hepatitis B infection were found initially in 14 patients: another two developed markers during their follow-up. Nine patients progressed to a mild or moderate chronic active hepatitis as shown by serial needle liver biopsies but there was no evidence of cirrhosis. This progression was not associated with any clinical or biochemical deterioration. Seven of these patients had presented with insidious symptoms, seven had serum markers of hepatitis B infection, and the four who were HBsAg positive had relatively lower serum HBsAg concentrations than did those patients who continued with chronic persistent hepatitis.
 ...
PMID:Chronic persistent hepatitis: hepatitis B virus markers and histological follow-up. 46 67

The frequency of the principal skin changes held to be typical of chronic diseases of the liver has been evaluated together with the frequency of diseases of primarily dermatological interest in a group of 116 chronic liver patients (73 with cirrhosis, 43 with active chronic hepatitis) and in a group of 90 controls comparable by sex and age. The frequency of skin changes secondary to liver disease was statistically higher in the patients with respect to the control group. The incidence of primarily skin diseases associated with liver disease was, by contrast, extremely rare. The simultaneous presence of spiders, hepatic palms and white nails was observed in 21% of the chronic liver patients, while it was never encountered in the controls. Clinical observation of these changes (particularly the triad mentioned) is therefore highly indicative of chronic liver disease, even without a significant clinical history.
 ...
PMID:[Incidence of skin changes during active chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Comparison with normal controls]. 48 97

Adverse liver reactions associated with nitrofurantoin treatment are rare but important complications. Both acute and chronic liver damage have been described. The present report describes five patients who developed chronic liver disease after 1 to 3 years of continued nitrofurantoin treatment. Liver histology was consistent with chronic active hepatitis in four patients, while postnecrotic cirrhosis was observed in one case. Follow-up examinations 2 to 3 years after withdrawal of the drug showed marked improvement clinically and in most cases also histologically.
 ...
PMID:Nitrofurantoin-induced chronic liver disease. Clinical course and outcome of five cases. 48 63

The prevalence of cryoglobulinaemia in a series of patients with chronic liver disease from the Campania area has been studied. The series included: 14 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 70 cases of chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 113 cases of liver cirrhosis. Liver function tests were carried out on the serum of each patient and cryoglobulines were studied. Liver biopsy was carried out when indicated. About a third of the patients were under the effect of previous treatment with anti-inflammatory steroids and-or azathioprine. Cryoglobulines were found in 4 of the 197 patients (2%); of type IgG in 3 cases: 1 of CAH, HBsAg negative and 2 of inactive cirrhosis of which one with HbsAg in the serum; of type IgM in 1 case of CAH, HBsAg negative. The data are discussed on relation to other reported data.
 ...
PMID:[Incidence of cryoglobulinemia in a series of cases of chronic liver diseases]. 49 53

Six patients suffering from chronic liver disease attributed to oxyphenisatin ingestion are presented. They seem to be the first such cases reported in France. These patients were between 22 and 69 years old, 5 of them were female. Three patients had a chronic active hepatitis (CAH). In these three subjects the onset of the illness was a jaundice ; alanine transaminase (ALAT) exceeded 5 times the upper limit of the normal value ; smooth muscle antibodies were present in 2 patients and antinuclear antibodies in the third. Two other patients had cirrhosis, without chronic active hepatitis ; none presented autoantibodies. The sixth patient suffered from a subacute hepatitis, suggested by the presence of jaundice and ascites, high levels of serum ALAT and a very prolonged prothrombin time ; smooth muscle antibodies were present. In all cases, HBs Ag was absent from serum. Each patient had ingested laxative pills containing oxyphenisatin for 4 to 25 years ; the total amount ingested was comprised between 12.5 and 350 g. The chronic liver diseases reported in this series closely resemble those published in the literature. The lesions observed make it necessary to look for oxyphenisatin ingestion in every patient having CAH or cirrhosis without known etiology. These chronic liver diseases imply the rapid withdrawal of oxyphenisatin from french market, as already enforced in Australia and the United States.
 ...
PMID:[Oxyphenisatin, a laxative responsible for chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, still marketed in France (author's transl)]. 50 28

Sera from patients with chronic liver disease were tested for antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen by radioimmunoassay. The antibody was found in 25% of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and in 52% when alcoholic cirrhosis was associated with portal hypertension, these results being significantly higher than in a matched control population. Other forms of chronic liver disease did not differ from the control population. Hepatitis B virus infection might be a factor in determining which alcoholic patients go on to develop chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:Hepatitis Bs antibody in alcoholic cirrhosis. 51 37

The concentration of bile acids in serum was measured by an enzymatic-fluorometric method under fasting conditions and 2 hours after a standardized meal in 26 patients with chronic liver disease (chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, primary biliary cirrhosis) and compared with other tests of liver function. Postprandial bile acids and transaminases were false negative in only 12% and are thus the most sensitive tests after the BSP-retention test (3% false negative results). In comparison, fasting bile acids proved to be a relatively insensitive screening test for liver disease (38% false negative results). Postprandial bile acids were more closely correlated with BSP retention and BSP disappearance rate constant (Ki) than fasting bile acids. In view of these findings postprandial serum bile acid concentrations should be preferred to fasting bile acid concentrations in screening for liver disease and monitoring liver function.
 ...
PMID:[Bile acid concentration in serum after a test meal in hepatobiliary diseases. A comparison with quantitative liver function tests]. 52 95


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>