Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinically, acute hepatitis C is an asymptomatic disease in up to 90% of cases. Transaminases fluctuate characteristically. Anti-HCV (RIBA-II) and HCV-RNA (PCR) are diagnostic early in the course of the disease. The risk of chronification is high, exceeding 50% of cases, irrespective of disease transmission (parenterally or sporadic). Alpha-interferon is applicated in pilot-studies to reduce the risk of chronification, with varying results. Chronic hepatitis C is an insidious disease. Again, most cases are asymptomatic. Bilirubin is normal. GPT-activity tends to fluctuate during the course. Anti-HCV and HCV-RNA can be detected in serum. About 20% of cases progress to cirrhosis (and HCC) after a long-lasting disease (20 to 30 years after infection). Alpha-Interferon therapy is successful in about 25% of patients.
 ...
PMID:[Hepatitis C: clinical aspects, course and therapy]. 793 55

The blood levels of soluble CD8 (sCD8) and soluble CD4 (sCD4) were measured in patients with various liver diseases, and their significance was studied. The levels of sCD8 were significantly higher in patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), acute hepatitis (AH), fulminant hepatitis (FH) and liver cirrhosis (LC) as compared with the normal controls (NC), and correlated positively with those of GPT (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). In addition, a comparison of the exacerbation of CAH with remission showed that the sCD8 levels were significantly higher in the former. On the other hand, there was no significant rise in the level of sCD4 in patients with any liver disease, except FH, no definite relationship between sCD4 and sGPT, and no consistant tendency in sCD4 levels between exacerbation and remission. The reason for an insignificant elevation of the sCD4 level is the fact that in hepatitis the CD8-positive cells, which are cytotoxic T cells, are directly involved in hepatocyte damage; therefore the CD8-positive cells are predominantly activated, while the activity of the CD4-positive cells is considered to be lower. Instead of determining the number of CD4-positive cells and CD8-positive cells in the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood, serum sCD4 and sCD8 levels can be measured simply and inexpensively. Thus, these levels may be useful immune markers.
 ...
PMID:Serum levels of soluble CD4 and CD8 in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. 795 75

The patient was a 25-year-old male doctor, who had pricked his finger with a needle contaminated with blood from a 69-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis (HCV-Ab positive, genotype II). He was informed from the blood bank that his blood was positive for anti-HCV and his GPT being 148 IU/l on the 65th day after exposure. He was admitted on February 16, 1993 and received a liver biopsy, which was consistent with acute viral hepatitis. His genotype was the same (type II) with the donor patient. IFN-alpha-2b of total doses of 656 Megaunits resolved the hepatitis completely and the HCV-RNA became negative as early as two weeks after starting IFN therapy. Liver biopsy after IFN therapy showed convalescence of acute hepatitis. The progression of acute hepatitis C to chronicity could be prevented by interferon therapy even in unfortunate cases of HCV transmission by needlestick. In conclusion, accidental needlestick should be followed for at least six months, and serum GPT and second-generation anti-HCV ELISA tests are recommended for all infected personnel.
 ...
PMID:[A case of needlestick-induced acute type C hepatitis]. 805 46

In patients with liver cirrhosis, there were many abnormalities in laboratory tests. Serum GOT, GPT and LDH were elevated due to the liver cell necrosis. The value of ICG tests reflected the decrease of effective hepatic blood flow and the increase of intrahepatic shunt flow. White blood cell counts and the number of platelet were decreased due to the hypersplenism. Serum albumin and cholineesterase levels were decreased more remarkably in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis than in patients with viral liver cirrhosis. Raised GOT and GPT levels were lower in aged patients than in young patients. Serial laboratory tests were important for the management of patients with liver cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:[Blood chemistry, hematology of patients with liver cirrhosis]. 811 9

After undergoing withdrawal treatment for alcoholism as an in-patient for one year a 49-year-old woman was started on disulfiram, 250 mg daily, her liver function tests being normal. Except for vitamin B1 she received no further medication. Jaundice developed 13 days after onset of treatment and acute liver failure was diagnosed on the 18th day after a total disulfiram dose of 4.5 g (Quick value < 10%; bilirubin 460 mumol/l; GPT 5099 U/l; GOT 4142 U/l), as well as early renal failure (creatinine 300 mumol/l). An acute viral infection, autoimmune hepatitis and a metabolic liver disease were excluded by biochemical, serological and molecular biology tests. All toxicological tests were negative. The patient died 25 days after the onset of disulfiram treatment in hepatic coma due to a fulminant hepatitis with hepatorenal syndrome. Both a liver biopsy and the autopsy showed the signs of an acute hepatic dystrophy without cirrhosis. The temporal relationship between the disulfiram intake and onset of the illness, the exclusion of other causes of the fulminant hepatitis and the liver histology, which was compatible with a chemical-toxic hepatitis, indicate that this was a case of disulfiram-induced hepatitis. The hepatotoxicity of disulfiram is a very rare idiosyncratic reaction which is often fatal. Disulfiram administration must be discontinued at once if there is a rise in liver enzyme activity or jaundice occurs.
 ...
PMID:[Fulminant hepatitis caused by disulfiram]. 840 76

Two cases of alcoholic cerebellar degeneration with pyramidal sign were reported. Patient 1 with alcohol dependence syndrome was a 46-year-old woman. After the alcohol abuse of about eight years, she complained of gait disturbance. The gait disturbance progressively worsened in about two months and she could not ambulate freely by herself. Neurological examination revealed nystagmus, ataxic and spastic gait, slight weakness and spasticity of the lower extremities, hyperreflexia of the extremities, bilateral Babinski's signs, and incoordination of the lower extremities. Examination of liver function and serum B12 was normal. Cranial CT scan and MRI revealed atrophy of the cerebellar vermis and dorsal part of the cerebellum. Though neurological signs slightly improved after the admission to our hospital and the abstinence from alcohol abuse, ataxic gait and hyperreflexia of the extremities have continued. Patient 2 was a 58-year-old man. He was a heavy drinker, but was not a patient with alcohol dependence syndrome. After the heavy drinking of about 40 years, he complained of gait disturbance. The gait disturbance had progressively worsened in about four months. Neurological examination revealed ataxic gait, hyperreflexia of the lower extremities, and bilateral Babinski's signs. Laboratory examination revealed slight liver dysfunction with minimal GPT and moderate gamma-GTP elevation. Examination of serum B12 was normal. Cranial CT scan and MRI revealed atrophy of the cerebellar vermis. Though bilateral Babinski's signs disappeared after the abstinence from heavy drinking, ataxic gait and hyperreflexia of the lower extremities have continued. Alcoholic myelopathy without hepatic cirrhosis was rarely reported. In the relation of alcoholic cerebellar degeneration to alcoholic myelopathy, our cases are interesting and important.
 ...
PMID:[Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration with pyramidal sign--in relation to alcoholic myelopathy]. 847 68

To determine hepatic diseases in obese children, biochemically and histologically, 11 obese patients with abnormal serum transaminase activities were subjected to this study. Fat accumulation in the liver was semiquantitatively graded, and histologically the 11 patients were classified into four groups; fatty liver, fatty hepatitis, fatty fibrosis and fatty cirrhosis. All patients had fat deposition in liver specimens, the grade of which did not significantly correlate with the degree of obesity. The grade of fat deposition in the liver specimens also did not significantly correlate with either serum transaminase activities or GOT/GPT ratio. Five patients were grouped into the fatty liver group, three into the fatty hepatitis group, and the remaining three patients into the fatty fibrosis group. However, no significant differences were found among the three histologically classified groups in terms of serum transaminase activities or GOT/GPT ratio. The usefulness of serum transaminase activities and GOT/GPT ratio was limited in predicting the severity of fat deposition or histological abnormality in pediatric obese patients.
 ...
PMID:The relationship between serum transaminase activities and fatty liver in children with simple obesity. 853 91

Partial splenic embolization (PSE) was performed on fifty cases with liver cirrhosis underwent no therapy. We evaluated changes of platelet count, ICGR15, GPT and Child-Pugh score which were significantly recovered by PSE. About liver cirrhosis before PSE, K.ICG, GPT, Alb, platelet count and splenic volume were selected as total characteristic factors by principal component analysis. We showed predicting formulas after PSE by multiple regression analysis between five factors selected by principal component analysis and platelet count, HPT, PT, Alb, ICGR15, K.ICG, GOT, GPT and Child-Pugh score after PSE. In conclusion, it is suggested that PSE is useful for recovering of platelet count and liver function. We made it possible to estimate therapeutic effect by predicting formulas before PSE.
 ...
PMID:[The evaluation of therapeutic effect on partial splenic embolization (PSE) for liver cirrhosis patients]. 864 54

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are major proinflammatory cytokines inducing the synthesis and release of many inflammatory mediators. They are involved in immune regulation, autoimmune diseases, and inflammation. Acanthoic acid, (-)-pimara-9(11),15-dien-19-oic acid, is a pimaradiene diterpene isolated from the Korean medicinal plant, Acanthopanax koreanum. When human monocytes/macrophages stimulated with silica were treated with 0.1-10 microg/ml acanthoic acid, the production of IL-1 and TNF-alpha was inhibited up to 90%, but the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was not inhibited at all. At these concentrations, it had no cytotoxic effect on human monocytes/macrophages. It also suppressed the production of TNF-alpha by alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes stimulated with silica. In addition, acanthoic acid inhibited the release of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide from human monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. To know the antifibrotic effects of acanthoic acid, its effects on fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis were tested. The proliferation of NIH3T3 cells was inhibited almost completely by the addition of the culture supernatants of human monocytes/macrophages treated with acanthoic acid, but not by the addition of acanthoic acid only. In vitro and in vivo treatment with acanthoic acid reduced collagen production by rat lung fibroblasts and lung tissue. Furthermore, acanthoic acid suppressed granuloma formation and fibrosis in the experimental silicosis. Acanthoic acid reduced serum GOT and GPT in the rats with cirrhosis induced by CCl4, and it was effective in reducing hepatic fibrosis and nodular formation. Taken together, these data indicate that acanthoic acid has a potent anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effect by reducing IL-1 and TNF-alpha production.
 ...
PMID:Suppression of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by acanthoic acid, (-)-pimara-9(11),15-dien-19-oic acid, and it antifibrotic effects in vivo. 866 Aug 20

We modified Bayer's method of micro-plate assay for quantitation of biotin concentration. Biotin concentration in the solution and serum which cannot be quantitated directly by a microorganism assay (bio-assay), was easily determined by this method, which showed a high affinity of streptavidin for biotin this method and had a wide measurement range (0.9-60,000 pg/ml). We measured the concentration of biotin in 150 sera from 44 patients (21 males and 23 females) with active hepatitis (high level of both GOT and GPT, over 100 IU/l), 15 patients (7 males and 8 females) with inactive hepatitis (positive HCV-Ab but within normal limits of both GOT and GPT level), 17 patients (8 males and 9 females) with hepatoma and liver cirrhosis and 71 healthy persons (34 males and 37 females). The biotin concentration of sera in the healthy persons was 243.5 +/- 184.6 pg/ml, there being no sex difference. The biotin concentration in sera was higher in the patients than in healthy persons. It was high in the hepatoma and cirrhosis group (4,394.0 +/- 6,176.3), the active hepatitis group (2,397.4 +/- 2,785.5), and the inactive hepatitis group (1,873.2 +/- 1,523.7). These findings suggest that the biotin concentration is not significantly correlated with an escape enzyme such as GOT and GPT. These findings suggest that a high biotin concentration reflects other mechanisms such as escape from damaged liver cells.
 ...
PMID:[A quantitative of serum biotin with microplate-assay using affinity streptavidin]. 893 90


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>