Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To examine possible health risks associated with fire fighting, a 20-year Proportionate Mortality Ratio (PMR) study was conducted involving all male fire fighters with at least one year of service in the City of Honolulu Fire Department. The observed cause of death, as determined by the death certificates, was compared statistically to the expected numbers of deaths for all males over age 20 in Hawaii's general population. Significant increases in risk of death were found for brain cancer (Risk Ratio = 3.78), prostate cancer (Risk Ratio = 2.61), and cirrhosis of the liver (Risk Ratio = 2.3). A significant decrease in mortality was found for lung disease with a risk ratio of 0.37. No deaths were attributed to suicide nor to a category which included allergic, endocrine and nutritional diseases. Since fire fighters are known to suffer exposure to carcinogens and toxins, additional studies would be helpful in order to clarify possible risks to health associated with fire fighting on a long-term exposure basis.
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PMID:Risk of death among Honolulu fire fighters. 206 Oct 32

Nearly 1,000 men serving in Army Chemical Corps units in Vietnam between 1965 and 1971 were responsible for the mixing and application of herbicides, riot control substances, and burning agents. Information on Vietnam service was obtained from military records of 94% of this cohort. Follow-up for vital status on December 31, 1987, was conducted using Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), military, National Death Index, U.S. Internal Revenue Service, and Social Security Administration records. Cause-specific observed numbers of deaths among the 894 men included in the study group were compared with the numbers expected based on rates for U.S. men, adjusting for race, age, and calendar period. Fifty-three deaths from all causes were observed during the study period, compared to 48.8 expected (SMR = 1.09). There were statistically significant excesses of digestive disease deaths (SMR = 2.98), primarily due to cirrhosis, and from motor vehicle accidents (SMR = 2.00). Two deaths were observed from leukemia (0.5 expected) and two from brain cancer (0.4 expected). A total of 257 of the study subjects had received VA inpatient care or Agent Orange registry medical examinations during the study period. Two of these subjects had confirmed diagnoses of Hodgkin's disease (expected = 0.7) and one of hairy cell leukemia. Because of the small study group size and the lack of specificity of information regarding their exposures, these results cannot be attributed to any single chemical agent.
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PMID:Mortality and morbidity among Army Chemical Corps Vietnam veterans: a preliminary report. 226 65

A mortality study was carried out on 595 workers who were compensated for silicosis in the Latium region, Italy, during the period 1946-84 who died between 1 January 1969 and 31 December 1984. Respiratory disorders, tuberculosis, lung cancer, bone cancer, and cirrhosis of the liver showed significantly increased risk ratios (4.1, 3.7, 1.5, 4.1, and 1.9 respectively); excesses of brain cancer and leukaemia did not reach statistical significance. Lung cancer mortality was further analysed by age, period of compensation, final degree of disability, and occupational activity. The possible confounding role of smoking was assessed by comparing the lifetime smoking habits of a sample of silicotic subjects with those of the general male population as estimated by a national health survey; the prevalence of ever smokers among silicotic subjects (70.7%) was similar to that estimated for the general population (68.5%). The present study indicates that silicosis is associated with lung cancer even though it does not clarify the respective roles of exposure to silica and silicosis.
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PMID:Mortality pattern of silicotic subjects in the Latium region, Italy. 261 Nov 62

Results from a prospective mortality surveillance of 3803 refinery and petrochemical workers at a Shell Oil Company facility in Louisiana are presented. This report includes employees who worked more than 6 months before January 1, 1994 and pensioners who were alive as of January 1, 1973. Vital status was ascertained through 1993. Regardless of the comparison population used to calculate expected numbers (United States, Louisiana, or the surrounding tri-parish area), significantly fewer deaths were observed for all causes combined, all malignant neoplasms, heart disease, nonmalignant respiratory disease, and cirrhosis of the liver among male employees after 10 or more years' latency. With the United States as comparison, the all causes combined standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.65 to 0.79), and the SMR for all cancer was 0.75 (95% CI = 0.61 to 0.92). The brain cancer rate for this group was nonsignificantly increased, with five observed deaths and three expected deaths, whereas mortality from leukemia was consistently lower than expected. The overall favorable mortality experienced by employees at this refinery and chemical plant is probably a result of a combination of factors, such as the healthy worker effect, relatively low risks related to the workplace, and the beneficial effects of continuing employment.
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PMID:A mortality study of oil refinery and petrochemical employees. 917 90

The study objective is to describe cause specific mortality of employees in a plant engaged in production, recovery and refining of catalytic converters located in Rome. Previous epidemiological studies conducted in similar plants are not available. A total of 828 workers (642 males and 186 females) were followed up between 1956 and 31-12-2003. Cause specific standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and 90% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using regional rates for comparison. Among males hired between 1956 and 1993, followed up until 31/12/2003, mortality for all causes (SMR 0,8; 90% CI 0,7-1,0; 85 observed) and all neoplasms (SMR 0,6; 90% CI 0,42-0,87; 20 observed) is below expected; an increase is present for liver cirrhosis (SMR 2,74; 90% CI 1,47-5,1; 7 observed) and brain cancer (SMR 5,24; 90% CI 2,3-11,90; 4 observed). The present investigation complies with the proposed scientific standards for occupational cohort studies. The study was not prompted by well defined a priori hypotheses but it is included in a process intended to typify a potentially polluted site; the absence of a priori hypotheses and of previous epidemiological evidence, prevent from a causal interpretation of the increased mortality from liver cirrhosis and brain cancer. The implementation of cohort studies in industrial sites where industrial activities similar to the one here examined are present, are highly recommended.
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PMID:Mortality study of employees in a factory of recovery and refining of catalytic converters in Rome, Italy. 1703 35