Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cancerembryonic antigen (CEA) and beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) have been measured in cancer patients and patients with benign diseases. Of 168 patients with intestinal cancer, almost 90% had increasing concentrations of either CEA or beta2m or both. In 29 patients at different stages of pancreatic cancer there was a high incidence of increased values in the more severe cases. In 60 patients with histologically classified colorectal cancer the TNomegaMomega group of 19 patients had 47% and 42% of elevated beta2m and CEA respectively. A significant correlation of beta2m or CEA to extension of disease was noted. In benign intestinal disease like cirrhosis and pancreatitis both beta2m and CEA is commonly elevated. Of 26 breast cancer patients, seven had elevated CEA and five had elevated beta2m values before treatment. In the patients with extraganglionary metastasis almost 90% had high beta2m or CEA or both. Of 40 patients with uterine cancer, 26 were found to have increased values of beta2m or CEA or both. Finally, 140 colorectal cancer patients, 62 patients with breast cancer and 10 patients with uterine cancer have been followed longitudinally.
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PMID:[beta2-Microglobulin in cancer patients (author's transl)]. 8 77

Analysis of age-standardized death rates for the main categories of deaths, over the period 1951--1977, shows a three-quarter fall in mortality from infectious diseases, a reduction of mortality from cardiovascular disease more accentuated in women (-46%) than in men (-23%) and a decrease in mortality from tumors in women only (-21%). Suicide rates slightly increased and mortality from accidents started to decrease in 1971, more markedly in men than in women. As regards the last category including all other causes of deaths, a decline in mortality of approximately a half in both sexes was observed. Calculation of the potential years of life lost between ages 1 and 70 (PYLL) reveals that in men, for the year 1977, 25% were due to accidents, 23% to tumours and 22% to cardiovascular diseases, whereas in women tumours came first (36%) and preceded cardiovascular disease (17%). Analysis of PYLL by individual cause of death shows, in decreasing order of importance, for men: motor accidents, suicide, ischaemic heart disease, other accidents, cancer of lung, cerebrovascular disease and cirrhosis of liver, and for women: suicide, breast cancer, motor accidents, other accidents, cerebrovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease and uterine cancer. Finally, life expectancy at birth increased, over the period 1951--1977, from 66.4 to 71.8 years in men and from 71.0 to 78.4 years in women, which ranks Switzerland third among the 10 industrialized countries studies.
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PMID:[Mortality trends in Switzerland 1951-1977. Principal categories of the causes of death]. 51 12

Effective contraceptives contribute to the regulation of births, protect the health of women, reduce maternal and perinatal mortality and gynecological diseases, and prevent abortion-related complications. Complications after abortion average 30%, and among primigravidas the rate reaches 45%. Abortion can result in sterility and in the inability to carry out the pregnancy. Oral contraceptives (OCs) are used by 150 million globally. In new preparations ethinyl estradiol (EE) and levonorgestrel (LNG) are the most common components. In the 2-phase and 3-phase preparations Sequilar, Anteovin, and lipid profile safe Triquilar the gestagen component was reduced 40%. Continuin and Famulen are minipills, and Postinor is a postcoital contraceptive. Absolute contraindications of OCs include thromboembolytic diseases, severe cardiovascular system diseases, liver disorders, cirrhosis, cerebral vascular diseases, grave diabetes, jaundice, and malignant tumors of the mammae and sexual organs. Rigevidon, Triquilar, and Trisiston have high steroid content with minimal side effects. The protective effect of OCs are: 2-3 times lower risk of inflammation of the small pelvis, lower risk of malignant and benign ovarian tumors that lasts even after discontinuation, uterine cancer prevention (antiproliferation effect on the endometrium and inhibition of mitotic activity of the myometrium), and reduced risk of benign breast neoplasms. The finding that estrogen-induced risk of breast cancer increases with longterm contraceptive use in young nulliparas has not been persuasively proven. The optimal duration of uninterrupted OC use is 1-1.5 years. Monophasic estrogen-gestagen preparations include Bisecurin, Non-Ovlon, Ovidon, Rigevidon, Minisiston, and Demulen with low dosages of EE, LNG, norethisterone acetate, and diacetate ethonodiol. Norplant is a subdermal silastic capsule with effectiveness for up to 5 years.
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PMID:[Hormonal contraception]. 178 55

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult diseases among three ethnic groups, Chinese living in Japan, Koreans living in Japan and Japanese. The mortalities of major cancers and other adult diseases of Chinese and Koreans in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) of the two groups using death rates in the Japanese population as the standard. Life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits of the three groups were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates for liver cancer, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertensive disease, cerebrovascular disease and liver cirrhosis for Koreans of both sexes in Japan were significantly higher than those for Japanese, but the mortality rates of stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer for Korean females were lower than those for Japanese females. 2. The mortality rates for heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer (females), breast cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates for stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to life style--comparison of foreigners living in Japan and Japanese]. 213 88

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult disease for Chinese living in Japan. The mortalities of major cancers and other major diseases of Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) for the Chinese using death rates in the Japanese population the standard. The life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits for Chinese in Japan were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. Then the corrected indexes on life style for Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates of heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer (both sexes), lung cancer (females), breast cancer and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates of stomach cancer, pancreas cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 2. The prevalence of current smokers for Chinese males in Japan was lower than that of Japanese, and that of females was higher than that of Japanese. The prevalence of non-smokers for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese, and that of females was lower than that of Japanese. 3. Although the prevalence of regular drinkers for Chinese of both sexes in Japan were lower than that of Japanese, the prevalence of heavy drinkers who drank over 80 ml of ethanol every day for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese males. 4. Significant differences were not found in the prevalences of frequent consumers of meat, milk, eggs, fish, other vegetables and food using oil between cooks and non-cooks of Chinese of both sexes in Japan. 5. The age-adjusted prevalences of frequent meat and milk consumers for Chinese in Japan were higher than those of Japanese in both sexes, but those of frequent pickled vegetable and MISO soup consumers were lower than those of Japanese. The dietary pattern of Chinese in Japan was different from that of Japanese with intakes of much fat and less salt. 6. It is assumed that the mortalities due to adult disease for Chinese in Japan are related to their heavy drinking and to their dietary habits.
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PMID:[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to the life style of Chinese in Japan]. 263 81

The 24-hr diet duplicates were collected from 488 nonsmoking and nondrinking women at the ages of 30-59 years in 33 regions in Japan in winters, 1977-1981. The daily intake of Na, K, Cl and Na/K ratio for each individual were obtained by the chemical analysis of the duplicates, from which the regional means were calculated and subjected to regression analysis with 1969-1978 regional mortality for stomach cancer (SC), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and liver cirrhosis for the middle-aged, 1969-1978 regional standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for cancers of 9 sites and 9 other diseases (including SC and CVD), and 1978-1982 regional SMRs for SC, uterine cancer and CVD. No significant correlation was observed between intake of Na, K, Cl or Na/K and SC mortality or SMR, in contrast to a significant correlation of CVD mortality and SMR with Na intake (and to a lesser extent with K and Cl intake). Correlation of other cancers with Na was generally insignificant except for pancreatic cancer and possibly breast cancer. Thus, it was concluded that the correlation of daily Na intake with stomach cancer mortality is weaker, if present, than that with cerebrovascular disease mortality.
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PMID:The absence of correlation between Na in diet duplicates and stomach cancer mortality in Japan. 317 23

The concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mean value (with standard deviation) in the control group was 9.9 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. Serum levels exceeding 15 ng/ml were defined as positive, and it was found that 94% of 18 patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis, 88% of 8 patients with primary liver cancer without cirrhosis, 77% of 13 patients with metastatic liver cancer, 86% of 7 patients with recurrent breast cancer, 86% of 8 patients with colonic cancer, 75% of 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, 70% of 23 patients with stomach cancer, 51% of 35 patients with lung cancer, and 54% of 28 patients with uterine cancer showed positive levels. The concentrations showed great intersubject variations, probably reflecting the activity of tumor growth and/or invasion. The concentrations in the sera of patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis were generally higher than those in patients with liver cirrhosis alone or primary liver cancer without cirrhosis. This result suggested that the growth of primary liver cancer complicated by cirrhosis might be detected by serial measurements of this peptide in the serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. Present data suggested that this peptide is not cancer-specific, but assay of the peptide might be of value as an auxiliary means of detecting and monitoring various cancers, especially liver cancer.
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PMID:High concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers, with special reference to liver cancer. 673 30