Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three hundred sixty-three alcoholic patients with alcoholic hepatitis were studied in six Veterans Administration medical centers. By history, alcohol consumption was 227.9 g per day, with a mean duration of 23.8 years. Cirrhosis accompanied the alcoholic hepatitis in 58.7 percent of the patients who underwent biopsy or autopsy. Complete nutritional assessment was performed in 284 patients, and observed nutritional changes were classified into those associated with marasmus or those characterizing kwashiorkor. A smaller comparison group of 21 alcoholic patients matched for age and alcohol consumption but without clinically evident liver disease was also studied in an identical manner. None of the patients with liver disease was completely free from malnutrition, whereas 62 percent of the alcoholic patients without liver disease showed abnormalities. In patients with alcoholic hepatitis, some findings associated with marasmus were seen in 86 percent, and some features of kwashiorkor were observed in 100 percent. When present together, the complete picture of kwashiorkor and marasmus correlated closely with the clinical severity of the liver disease (p less than 0.005). The nearly constant association of either complete or partial kwashiorkor or marasmus suggests that the separation of these two entities is artificial in alcoholic patients with liver disease. Although, experimentally, malnutrition may not be essential for the development of alcoholic hepatitis, clinically, it appears to precede the development of the liver injury, which suggests an interaction. Recognition is important so that appropriate nutritional therapy can be provided.
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PMID:Protein-calorie malnutrition associated with alcoholic hepatitis. Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Alcoholic Hepatitis. 642 Nov 59

Our experience at the Ramathibodi Hospital with 20 infants and children who had Aeromonas septicemia is reviewed. Their ages were from 1 day to 14 years. Eighteen patients had underlying diseases: leukemia, 5; aplastic anemia, 4; cirrhosis, 2; thalassemia/hemoglobinopathy, 3; renal failure, 1; ileal perforation, 1; marasmus, 1; and cavernous hemangioma with thrombocytopenia, 1. Blood cultures yielded Aeromonas hydrophila in all patients, and four patients had polymicrobial bacteremia. Fifteen episodes of septicemia were community-acquired and five were hospital-acquired. The clinical manifestations of these patients were similar to septicemia due to other Gram-negative enteric bacilli. Two patients each had ecthyma gangrenosum, necrotizing fasciitis and meningitis. Antibiotic treatment included penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The overall case fatality rate was 50%; eight of the nine patients with acute leukemia or aplastic anemia died. With the exception of one child the blood cultures were sterile in all patients before death. Aeromonas septicemia is an uncommon but severe infection which occurs predominantly in compromised hosts.
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PMID:Aeromonas septicemia in infants and children. 672 2

The study compares the cause of death profile in a rural area of South Africa (Agincourt), with that in a rural area of West Africa (Niakhar), and in a developed country with the same life expectancy (France, 1951) in order to determine causes with high and low mortality and priorities for future health interventions. In the two African sites, causes of death were assessed by verbal autopsies, whereas they were derived from regular cause of death registration in France. Age-standardized death rates were used to compare cause-specific mortality in the three studies. Life expectancy in Agincourt was estimated at 66 years, similar to that of France in 1951, and much higher than that of Niakhar. Causes of death with outstandingly high mortality in Agincourt were violent deaths (homicide and suicide), accidents (road traffic accidents and household accidents), certain infectious diseases (HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diarrhea and dysentery), certain chronic diseases (cancer of genital organs, liver cirrhosis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, maternal mortality, epilepsy, acute rheumatic fever, and pneumoconiosis) and malnutrition of young children (kwashiorkor). Causes of death with lower mortality than expected were primarily respiratory diseases (pneumonia, bronchitis, influenza, lung cancer), other cancers, vaccine preventable diseases (measles, whooping cough, tetanus), and marasmus. Verbal autopsies could be used in a rural area of a developing country without formal cause of death registration to identify the most salient health problems of the population, and could be compared with a formal cause of death registration system of a developed country.
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PMID:Causes of death in a rural area of South Africa: an international perspective. 1089 26