Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of alcohol abuse on cellular immune functions were measured by various levels of alcohol use in adult men. Total lifelong abstainers were used as controls. Previous abusers, current abusers, and patients with alcoholic cirrhosis or pancreatitis were age-matched to controls. T-lymphocyte mitogenesis stimulated by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A was generally reduced in peripheral blood lymphocytes of current and previous alcohol consumers, although the decrease was not statistically significant. B-cell mitogenesis stimulated by pokeweed mitogen was not changed by previous alcohol consumption. The number of T-cells was not changed by either previous or current alcohol abuse. T-helper cells were significantly increased and T-suppressor cells increased only in the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis or pancreatitis. The percentage of T-lymphocytes with T-suppressor characteristics in controls was 27% while in alcoholic cirrhosis or pancreatitis subjects it was 16%. Plasma corticosteroid levels were significantly increased in people currently consuming alcohol (12.1 +/- 1.1 mg/dl) compared to controls (7.7 +/- 1.1). The corticosteroid levels were also higher in previous alcohol abusers although not statistically significant. Plasma endorphin levels were increased by severe alcohol abuse in the patients with cirrhosis or pancreatitis to 25.03 +/- 6.74 from 11.85 +/- 2.48 pg/ml in controls.
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PMID:Cellular immune functions, endorphins, and alcohol consumption in males. 316 Feb 54

The hepatic cytosolic estrogen receptor content was measured in liver samples from patients with normal livers and from patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis. The estrogen receptor content of normal liver was 5.2 +/- 3.5 fmoles per mg of cytosolic protein. Levels which were not significantly different from this were found in the samples from patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis (2.1 +/- 2.0 fmoles per mg of cytosolic protein). The cytosolic estrogen receptor content in the livers of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who were abstaining was 4.2 +/- 3.6 fmoles per mg of cytosolic protein, but it increased to 10.4 +/- 4.9 fmoles per mg of protein in the livers of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who were drinking, to 17.3 +/- 8.7 fmoles per mg of protein in the livers of patients with alcoholic hepatitis with cirrhosis and to 22.7 +/- 15.7 fmoles per mg of protein in the livers of patients with alcoholic hepatitis without cirrhosis. Alcohol abuse appeared, therefore, to induce an increase in the estrogen receptor content of human liver, especially in patients who were drinking and had histological evidence of acute liver damage (alcoholic hepatitis). The increase in hepatic estrogen receptor which we have observed may be involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying the feminization of the liver in alcoholic males.
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PMID:Ethanol-induced increase in cytosolic estrogen receptors in human male liver: a possible explanation for biochemical feminization in chronic liver disease due to alcohol. 319 75

Procollagen type III N-peptide (PIII NP) and laminin P1 fragment (LP1) have both been proposed as markers of liver fibrosis. In this study we evaluated the diagnostic application of both peptides in alcoholic liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. Serum concentrations of the peptides were measured by radioimmunoassay. PIII NP and LP1 levels appeared to be significantly raised in patients with alcoholic and primary biliary cirrhosis. Patients with alcohol abuse without cirrhosis had normal or slightly elevated PIII NP levels, but significantly raised LP1 levels. There was a strong correlation between PIII NP and LP1 concentrations.
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PMID:Serum procollagen III N-terminal peptide and laminin P1 fragment concentrations in alcoholic liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. 323 63

In the period 1970-1984 alcoholic hepatitis was diagnosed by liver biopsy in 52 females. Thirty-six patients with cirrhosis were generally in a worse clinical and biochemical state than those without cirrhosis. Biochemical tests for liver function showed significant improvement from admission to the time of liver biopsy. At follow-up liver function tests were generally better in patients who had stopped drinking alcohol compared to those who continued to do so. The 5-year survival rate was 82% for females without cirrhosis, and 45% for those with cirrhosis (p less than 0.03). Considering the sex-related differences in alcohol abuse in the general population we found no evidence of increased susceptibility to the hepatotoxic effect of alcohol in females.
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PMID:Alcoholic hepatitis in females. 334 9

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by elevated serum IgA concentrations, the presence of circulating immune complexes containing IgA, and IgA deposits along sinusoids in the liver. When combined with the presupposed IgA-clearance function of the liver, a causal association between IgA abnormalities and the liver disease in ALD can be suggested. This prompted us to study the presence and concentration of circulating IgA-containing immune complexes (IgA-CIC) in 41 patients with ALD and 41 patients with other nonalcoholic liver diseases having comparable serum IgA levels. We searched for relationships among IgA-CIC and history of alcohol abuse, liver histopathology, and IgA deposits in the liver. Using an anti-IgA inhibition binding assay, 56% of the patients exhibited IgA-CIC in polyethylene glycol precipitate of serum and 38% showed IgA-CIC in whole serum. The prevalence and concentration of IgA-CIC was lowest in cases with nonspecific changes or steatosis in the liver biopsy and highest in cases with hepatitis or cirrhosis (P less than 0.01). The occurrence of IgA-CIC was not related to a history of alcohol abuse or to the presence of IgA deposits along hepatic sinusoids (which occurred in 78% of ALD and 20% of non-ALD cases). A skin biopsy was available from 34 patients (19 with ALD and 15 with non-ALD). In 68% of these biopsies, IgA deposits were observed in superficial blood capillaries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Circulating IgA immune complexes and skin IgA deposits in liver disease. Relation to liver histopathology. 337 Nov 40

High alcohol consumption is one of the major risk indicators for premature death in middle-aged men. An indicator of alcohol abuse--registration with the social authorities for alcoholic problems--was used to evaluate the role of alcohol in relation to general and cause-specific mortality in a general population sample. Altogether 1,116 men (11%) out of a total population of 10,004 men were registered for alcoholic problems. Total mortality during 11.8 years' follow-up was 10.4% among the non-registered men, compared to 20.5% among men with occasional convictions for drunkenness and 29.6% among heavy abusers. Fatal cancer as a whole was not independently associated with alcohol abuse, but oropharyngeal and oesophageal cancers together were seven times more common in the alcohol-registered groups. Total coronary heart disease (CHD) was significantly and independently associated with alcohol abuse, but nearly all the excess CHD mortality among the alcohol-registered men could be attributed to sudden coronary death. Cases with definite recent myocardial infarction were not more common in the alcoholic population. A combined effect of coronary arteriosclerosis and heart muscle damage secondary to alcohol abuse is suggested. Other causes of death strongly associated with registration for alcohol abuse include pulmonary embolism, pneumonia and peptic ulcer, as well as death from liver cirrhosis and alcoholism. Of the excess mortality among alcohol-registered subjects, 20.1% could be attributed to CHD, 18.1% to violent death, 13.6% to alcoholism without another diagnosis and 11.1% to liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Alcoholic intemperance, coronary heart disease and mortality in middle-aged Swedish men. 342 75

Twenty-eight consecutive unselected patients were treated for esophageal varices by means of a modified Sugiura procedure between 1978 and 1985. In accordance with Child's classification, 59% were considered as class A, 11% as class B, and 30% as class C. The etiology of the cirrhosis included alcohol abuse (42%), hepatitis (33%), granulomatous disease (7%), and cryptogenic disease (18%). One patient had extrahepatic portal hypertension from unknown causes. The surgical treatment included esophageal and gastric devascularization in all cases. The average operative time was 4 1/2 hours. The average blood replacement during surgery was 8 units. The operative mortality was 32% (2/16 class A, 1/3 class B, and 6/9 class C). Morbidity occurred in 33% of the patients. Significant causes of morbidity and mortality were related to complications of the esophageal transection, which was omitted in the later series. Six of the eighteen patients who survived surgery died later, but only one death was due to presumed recurrent variceal hemorrhage. Significant bleeding occurred in four patients--two due to recurrent varices and two due to peptic ulcer disease. Encephalopathy, which was present preoperatively in two patients, is still manifest but is well controlled. Encephalopathy did not develop in any other patients. At present, the 12 surviving patients have stable liver function.
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PMID:Experience with the esophagogastric devascularization procedure. 349 95

Gonadal function in male patients with various liver disease has been evaluated by basal plasma testosterone level and a response of plasma testosterone to human chorionic gonadotropin. Compared with healthy male subjects of similar age, gonadal function was not reduced in chronic hepatitis, but in alcoholic liver disease without cirrhosis and in alcoholic and non-alcoholic cirrhosis. Gonadal dysfunction in patients with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis was correlated with abnormal liver tests. It may be concluded that gonadal function in chronic liver disease is reduced either by alcohol abuse or disturbances of hepatic function and/or hepatic hemodynamics.
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PMID:Gonadal function in male patients with alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease. 357 8

A case of a 20-yr-old female with possible "alcoholic hepatitis" and a mixed micro/macronodular cirrhosis occurring in association with overt bulimia and a history of anorexia nervosa, but without any objective evidence of either alcoholism or alcohol abuse, is reported. The possible factors that may have contributed, either alone or in combination, to produce this unusual occurrence are discussed.
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PMID:The possible occurrence of "alcoholic hepatitis" in a patient with bulimia in the absence of diagnosable alcoholism. 365 53

Antibodies to dietary antigens (ovalbumin, beta-lactoglobulin, casein) have been detected by a micro-ELISA test in 47-50% of serum samples from patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, in 27-36% with non-alcoholic cirrhosis (HBV-related, autoimmune and primary biliary) and in 50-70% of cirrhotic patients with portacaval shunt. Dietary antibodies were mainly confined to the IgA class (90%). In patients with chronic active hepatitis dietary antibodies showed a low positivity (11%), similar to that of subjects with alcohol abuse without liver injury and of healthy subjects. Dietary antibodies were significantly associated with portal hypertension (evaluated on the presence of esophageal varices and/or ascites) both in alcoholic and non-alcoholic cirrhosis. The absence of dietary antibodies in the duodenal juice of cirrhotic patients positive for serum antibodies confirms that the intestinal mucosa is normal or slightly altered in liver cirrhosis. Unlike cirrhotics, untreated celiac patients showed a high prevalence of dietary antibodies also in the duodenal juice (55%).
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PMID:IgA antibodies to dietary antigens in liver cirrhosis. 367 96


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