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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 388 patients with upper G.I. bleeding investigated by endoscopy, radiology or emergent surgery, one third bled from duodenal ulcer, one third oesophageal varices, and from the remain the most frequent were gastric ulcer (14%) and gastric cancer (9%). From a sample of 53 patients with liver cirrhosis, 66% bled from varices and 34% from other lesions. The proportion of patients who bled from oesophageal varices is higher under 60 yrs. The mortality was higher after 60 yrs, except when there was associated chronic liver disease or renal or cardio-respiratory failure. In this group of patients, near half in our series, the mortality is the same under and above 60 years.
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PMID:Endoscopy in the upper G.I. bleedings. 31 42

It is generally accepted that the bile acids are responsible for pathologies as a result of deficiency or by toxic action. Quantitative deficiency is difficult to evaluate but the normal pool of bile acids is generally considered to be between 2 and4 grams. Daily loss and replacement by synthesis is thought to be between 500 and 700 mg. There is experimental evidence to demonstrate the toxic action of certain bile acids on metabolic structures and processes. There is no doubt that alterations in the metabolism of bile acids give rise to certain pathologic aspects in some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract or the hepatobiliary system. There are other conditions, on the other hand, in which the study of these acids may reveal significant physiopathologic implications. The first group includes terminal ileopathy, blind loop syndrome, gastric ulcer, gastritis, cholestasis, cirrhosis of the liver, and cholelithiasis. In the second group are such diverse conditions as acute pancreatitis, cancer of the colon, endocrine disturbances, some hyperlipidemias, and others. Much of the present day understanding of the physiopathology of the bile acids will probably have to be revised in the nex few years, in view of the rapid advances being made in this field.
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PMID:[Bile acids II. Physiopathologic and clinical aspects (author's transl)]. 47 Apr 97

Trace amounts of volatile sulfur compounds were determined in the expired alveolar gas by gas chromatography. Among these sulfur containing substances, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide were quantitatively analyzed in 116 subjects; 53 normal, 13 acute hepatitis, 11 chronic hepatitis, 20 hepatic cirrhosis, and 19 stomach ulcer and/or biopsy of gastric mucosa. Fasting level of dimethyl sulfide in cirrhotics was 4.05 +/- 1.06 ng/dl, significantly elevated by comparison with normal controls (1.54 +/- 0.09 ng/dl) (P less than 0.05). In contrast, methyl mercaptan did not show a statistically significant rise in this study. The implications of the significant increase in dimethyl sulfide concentration in liver cirrhosis are discussed.
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PMID:Evaluation of volatile sulfur compounds in the expired alveolar gas in patients with liver cirrhosis. 65 23

Because of its anatomical relationship to the gastrointestinal tract, the normal liver is able to act as a controlling "filter" against the influx of plasma histamine chiefly by uptake and breakdown. This prevents unwanted effects on the systemic circulation. The ability to eliminate histamine from plasma is decreased in cirrhosis. Plasma histamine levels in peripheral venous blood of ten patients with liver cirrhosis and gastric ulcer, proven radiologically and by endoscopy, indicated a significantly higher concentration (1.3 +/- 0.4 micron/1) than in a control group of 16 patients without such disease (0.7 +/- 0.2 micron/1). In a group of patients with fatty liver (stages I-II) there were normal histamine levels (0.7 +/- 0.3 micron/1).
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PMID:[Endogenous plasma histamine and "hepatogenic" peptic ulcer in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)]. 87 64

An analysis has been made of 235 deaths that occurred among 1905 patients with peptic ulcer who constituted a random sample of the occurrence of ulcer disease in an area of Denmark comprising half a million inhabitants. The disease itself, according to the death certificate, was considered the primary cause of death in 10% of the cases; half of these had been operated on immediately before death. The other patients died more frequently than expected from the following causes: chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, cancer of the lung, cirrhosis of the liver, and cancer of the pancreas. Although the comorbidity with chronic bronchitis and emphysema was especially pronounced in patients with gastric ulcer, the association with liver cirrhosis and cancer of the pancreas occurred only in patients with duodenal ulcer. In women the mortality rate attributable to cardiac and vascular diseases was lower than expected. No excess coincidence of suicide was found. Berkson's fallacy is considered to be of much less importance as a possible explanation of the comorbidity found in the present study than in the majority of publications concerned with this question.
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PMID:Causes of death in duodenal and gastric ulcer. 90 79

The age-corrected mortalities from cancer at 17 sites were correlated with the consumptions of 12 major food items and the apparent consumptions of alcoholic beverages, cigarettes, beer, coffee, tea and solid fuel, in different countries. Significant direct and inverse correlations with food consumption variables were observed: the results are in essential accord with those of other workers employing different methods of statistical analysis. A modification of the diet in western industrialized nations is proposed as a means of lowering the human cancer risk. For cancers of the mouth and neck, and for liver in males, significant associations with the wine alcohol consumption were observed. Statistical evidence for liver cirrhosis as liver-cancer, and for stomach ulcer as stomach-cancer-predisposing conditions was obtained.
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PMID:Cancer mortality correlation studies. II. Regional associations of mortalities with the consumptions of foods and other commodities. 94 16

A case of a 70-year-old woman with a history of gastric ulcer and several pneumonias is presented. She was found to have pulmonary emphysema, severe alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) deficiency and raised serum mitochondrial antibodies. Surgical liver biopsy showed portal liver cirrhosis, PAS-positive, diastaseresistant globules in the hepatocytes and changes interpreted as florid duct lesion of primary biliary cirrhosis. A brother has severe alpha1AT deficiency. Two daughters had raised mitochondrial antibodies. One of the latter had a granulomatous hepatitis, a common finding in primary biliary cirrhosis. The association of alpha1AT deficiency and primary biliary cirrhosis does not seem to have been described previously.
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PMID:Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, mitochondrial antibodies and possible primary biliary cirrhosis. A case report and family study. 108 Sep 23

It was thought formerly that gastrointestinal hemorrhage is an integral part of gastric ulcer. At present this is not a regularity, occurs only in some patients with ulcer disease and in other kinds of pathology (liver cirrhosis, dilated esophageal veins and oth.). Surgical treatment during hemorrhage is connected with risk for the patients. We recommend temporary tamponade of the bleeding blood vessels, improvement of the general condition of the patient and then transferring the patient to a surgical department for determination of further tactics.
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PMID:[Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhages]. 145 40

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any specific causes of death were more frequent than expected in an Australian group of 305 gastric ulcer patients (131 men, 174 women) who had died in New South Wales between 1 January 1974 and 31 December 1983. The distribution of causes of death among the ulcer population deaths was compared with that among the New South Wales population deaths, after adjusting for sex, 5-year age group, and time period of death (1974-1978, 1979-1983). Causes of death were ascertained from death certificates. Deaths due to peptic ulcer, liver cirrhosis, and diffuse pulmonary disease were more frequent than expected (p less than 0.05). The associations found with these other diseases accord with those found in previous surveys on causes of death in gastric ulcer patients and in studies of living gastric ulcer populations. Overall, the combined evidence suggests that liver cirrhosis and diffuse pulmonary disease are associated with gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Causes of death amongst a population of gastric ulcer patients in New South Wales, Australia. 177 84

The authors studied the data concerning 101 patients who had undergone erroneous laparotomy for suspected acute surgical disease; these accounted for 0.4% of all the patients who were operated on for emergency indications in the same period. Eleven patients died. The operation was undertaken for an erroneous diagnosis of acute appendicitis (32 patients), acute cholecystitis (18), perforating gastric ulcer (15), peritonitis of unknown etiology (14), acute intestinal obstruction (5), strangulated hernia (3), destructive pancreatitis (3), tumor of the large intestine complicated by obstruction (3), abdominal abscess (2), thrombosis of the mesenteric vessels (1), ovarian apoplexy (1), closed abdominal trauma with injury to the viscera (4 patients). Diseases simulating the clinical picture of "acute abdomen" but not requiring an emergency operation were as follows: female reproductive (20 patients), pancreatic (11), renal diseases (11), hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver (10), cardiovascular (9), pulmonary diseases (5), mesoadenitis (5), Crohn's disease (3), chronic colitis (3), carcinomatosis of the peritoneum (3), herpes zoster (3), and other diseases and injuries (20 patients). The main causes of the diagnostic and tactical errors were objective difficulties in the differential diagnosis due to similar symptomatology, as well as errors in the examination of the patient and haste in making a decision to make an operation.
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PMID:[Erroneous laparotomy in emergency surgery]. 177 33


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