Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Operative ligation of portosystemic shunts is effective in controlling chronic portosystemic encephalopathy (CPSE) but is associated with significant mortality. Review of the records of five patients with CPSE treated with radiologic occlusion procedures showed that these are suitable alternatives to surgery. Three patients had alcoholic cirrhosis, one had hepatic fibrosis from schistosomiasis, and one had post-necrotic cirrhosis. All had CPSE with progressive, severe cerebral impairment refractory to clinical treatment. Four patients had a spontaneous splenorenal shunt, and one had a surgically created mesocaval shunt (MCS). Partial splenic embolization was performed in two patients, direct shunt embolization was performed via percutaneous transhepatic portography in two other patients, and an MCS embolization was performed in one patient through the inferior vena cava. In four patients embolization controlled the CPSE. In the remaining patient it could not be evaluated because of his premature death from intraabdominal bleeding, a late complication of the procedure. Interventional radiologic procedures are effective in the control of CPSE in selected patients.
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PMID:Chronic portosystemic encephalopathy: embolization of portosystemic shunts. 368 50

Hepatic vascular changes are generally associated to fibrotic lesions of the liver but their role in the development and extension of fibrosis is not well known. By performing a portacaval anastomosis in rats, a proliferation of hepatic vessels was attained progressively, comparable to proliferations seen in cirrhosis and schistosomiasis. Such a modification of the hepatic vasculature was accompanied by changes in the connective matrix of the liver, mainly related to the vascular walls. Moreover, sinusoidal capillarization was detected at the electron microscopical level whereas no alterations could be seen neither in the distribution nor in the quality of the connective matrix proteins with immunofluorescence technique. The only modification detected by light microscopy, at this zone, was the shrinked aspect of reticulin fibers which could be related to the important liver atrophy provoked by the anastomosis. It can be assumed that in liver pathology, selective changes occur in the connective matrix components depending on the type of injury. Necrotic and inflammatory processes lead mainly to the deposition of interstitial collagens and associated proteins, related to a diffuse stroma reaction resultant from activation of specific cell populations whereas in portacaval anastomosis, a selective increase of vascular connective matrix (mainly basement membrane components) occurs as a direct consequence of vessel proliferation.
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PMID:Vascular connective tissue changes in experimental portacaval anastomosis. 382 34

Eighteen patients with protal hypertension were studied. Portal hypertension was due to schistosomiasis (N = 9), cirrhosis (N = 7) and congenital hepatic fibrosis (N = 2) diagnosed by surgical biopsy during the decompressive surgery (selective splenorenal shunt). All the patients have had at least one episode of digestive hemorrhage due to rupture of esophageal varices and received blood transfusion before or during surgery. The incidence of post-transfusion hepatitis was 44% (eight cases). The short and medium-term follow-up was good regardless the etiology of portal hypertension. The authors attributed these results mainly to good hepatic function at the time of surgery, younger patient population and good surgical technical conditions.
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PMID:[Selective splenorenal shunt and post-transfusional hepatitis. Short and medium-term follow-up]. 393 82

Serum ferritin was measured by immunoradiometric assay in 46 Nigerian patients with amoebic liver abscess and other tropical infections involving the liver, and the values were compared with those in 23 control subjects. Serum ferritin was markedly elevated in 100% of the patients with amoebic liver abscess, acute viral hepatitis and liver tuberculosis. Elevated values were observed in about 77% of patients with cirrhosis, 80% of malaria patients, and only about 30% of patients with early infection of schistosomiasis mansoni. The results support previous data indicating that significant changes in serum ferritin occur in acute and chronic liver disease. Assay of serum ferritin may be a useful complimentary liver function test for the diagnosis and monitoring the treatment provided in amoebic liver abscess.
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PMID:Serum ferritin in Nigerian patients with amoebic liver abscess and other tropical infections with liver involvement. 613 77

In a series of 124 patients admitted to hospital with liver disease, 23 (18.6%) had malignant liver disease, either primary or secondary; 12 (9.7%) had cirrhosis of the liver, while another 25 (20.2%) had inflammatory liver disease, including such parasitic infections as hydatid disease and schistosomiasis. The remaining biopsies showed non-specific changes or normal livers.
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PMID:Pattern of liver disease in the western region of Saudi Arabia. 630 5

The authors report two studies : 1) Retrospective : study of liver biopsies in 44 Africans : 22 were HBs Ag positive and 22 HBs Ag negative ; 10 of the HBs Ag positive subjects were found to have chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 4 chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 3 cirrhosis ; 2 of the HBs Ag negative subjects were found to have CPH and 3 CAH ; as far a biological findings are concerned, only the CAH and cirrhosis groups differed from the control group, with higher prothrombin times, transaminase levels and gammaglobulin levels. 2) Prospective : study of the incidence of HBs Ag carriage in 168 Africans ; 17.8 % of them were found to be carriers ; no correlation was found between HBs Ag carriage and S. haematobium schistosomiasis or hemoglobinopathies.
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PMID:[Hepatopathies associated with chronic carriage of HBs antigen in black African immigrants in France]. 631 28

Serum immunoreactive prolyl hydroxylase protein, galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase activity, and the aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (S-Pro(III)-N-P) were measured in twenty patients with cirrhosis and ninety with various infectious diseases, and the values were compared with those in sixty apparently healthy Nigerians. The means for all three markers were elevated significantly in the patients with cirrhosis (P less than 0.001), acute viral hepatitis (P less than 0.001), amoebic liver abscess (P less than 0.001) and the early stages of Schistosoma mansoni infection (P less than 0.001 for S-Pro(III)-N-P, P less than 0.005 for the two other markers). The mean S-Pro(III)-N-P was also distinctly elevated during the early stages of Schistosoma haematobium infection (P less than 0.01) and filariasis (P less than 0.001), whereas none of the three markers was elevated during an acute attack of malaria. Significant correlations were found between the values for the three markers within the groups of patients with cirrhosis, amoebic liver abscess and schistosomiasis, the correlations for the pooled group of all patients being highly significant (P less than 0.001). The data suggest that elevated hepatic collagen formation is found not only in cirrhosis but also in several infectious diseases. The three serum markers may be useful for showing the stages of active collagen formation in various liver diseases and for predicting the development of fibrosis in acute cases if the values remain elevated.
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PMID:Three serum markers of collagen biosynthesis in Nigerians with cirrhosis and various infectious diseases. 632 66

In order to elucidate the chronic effects of schistosomiasis japonica, a retrospective cohort study was carried out. The mortality experience of 2,067 inhabitants over 30 years old in the endemic area of schistosomiasis in Yamanashi Prefecture were followed up from 1958 to 1982 concerning the underlying cause of death. Total person-years at risk were 18,694.1 for males and 21,524.9 for females. The observed-expected ratio (O/E) was significantly high for cirrhosis of the liver (4.05 for males, 5.53 for females), cancer of the liver (males only, 2.30) and cancer of the colon (females only, 2.25). Increasing O/E values were observed for cirrhosis of the liver and cancer of the colon (females only) in relation to duration of residence in the area before 1957. These results suggest that schistosomiasis japonica is one of the important risk factors for cirrhosis of the liver, cancer of the liver and cancer of the colon.
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PMID:A cohort study on the causes of death in an endemic area of schistosomiasis japonica in Japan. 649 13

Previous reports have suggested that idiopathic portal hypertension, a condition quite distinct from tropical splenomegaly syndrome, occurs in Kenya. In the present study patients with oesophageal varices were allocated to diagnostic groups on the basis of liver histology and results of splenoportovenography , and these groups were then compared for prevalence of hepatitis B markers, immunoglobulin levels and results of enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for S. mansoni infection. 85 patients with oesophageal varices were studied. 29.4% had histological evidence of Schistosoma mansoni infection, 20% had cirrhosis and in 25.9% liver histology was non-diagnostic and the portal vein was radiologically shown to be patent. A comparison of clinical findings, serological data and parasitological investigations suggested that this latter group was a distinct one, and did no result from failure of histological diagnosis of cirrhosis or schistosomiasis. It is likely that these patients had idiopathic portal hypertension. In 82 normal controls, the carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 12.2%, 59.8% had antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and 7.3% showed antibody to core antigen (anti-HBc) as the only viral marker. 58.3% of the cirrhotics and 26.7% of patients with probable idiopathic portal hypertension were HbsAg positive. The implications of these results, and limited data on hepatitis Be antigen and antibody are discussed.
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PMID:Portal hypertension in Nairobi, Kenya. 667 49

Acquired or congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas are rare. The pulmonary arteriovenous fistula may be either acquired or congenital in origin, the latter being much more frequent than the former. The congenital origin usually combines with other vascular anomaly. Acquired origin has been reported in cases of metastatic carcinoma of the thyroid gland, pulmonary schistosomiasis, and long-standing hepatic cirrhosis.
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PMID:Traumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula due to shotgun wound to the chest. 673 8


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