Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined with liver cirrhosis lived more than 5 years after hepatic resection. One patient with liver cirrhosis combined with schistosomiasis japonica survived 5 years and 2.5 months after left lobectomy and died of liver failure. Two recurrent tumors, each 1 cm in diameter, were present in the remaining lobe but were not responsible for death. Another patient is well 9 years and 2 months after extended right lobectomy. The tumor was bulky, and the resected specimen was 2800 g in weight. These facts show that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined with liver cirrhosis can survive for a long period even if a large tumor is involved.
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PMID:Long-term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma combined with liver cirrhosis. Report of two patients. 298 28

The association between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic hepatic schistosomiasis (CS) was studied by reviewing, 4,886 autopsies in adults during the past 20 years. In 229 cases of CS, 59 (25.7%) also had HCC. Among cases without CS, 399 (8.5%) had HCC. The incidence of HCC in patients with CS was significantly higher than that of other autopsy cases (p less than 0.01). Serum HBsAg was positive in 25.7% of 35 HCC cases with CS examined for hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and anti HBs was positive in 10 of the 12 HBsAg-negative cases associated with CS, and in 62.1% of the other HBsAg-negative cases examined. Thus, most of HCC cases, including those associated with CS, probably had HBV infection at one time. Morphological examination revealed varying degrees of non-schistosomal hepatic changes, including macronodular or mixed macro-and micronodular cirrhosis, superimposed on schistosomal fibrosis in about two-thirds of the cases of HCC associated with CS. Although conclusive evidence whether or not schistosomal infection had a direct role in hepatocarcinogenesis could not be obtained, it was predicted that the additional non-schistosomal factors, particularly HBV infection, might play a synergistic role.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and schistosomiasis japonica. A clinicopathologic study of 59 autopsy cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with chronic schistosomiasis japonica. 301 11

Eighty-five patients with chronic splenomegaly and proven oesophageal varices were studied at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. The major defined groups were hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (24%), cirrhosis (20%) and portal vein occlusion (11%). Hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly (tropical splenomegaly syndrome) was considered as the cause of oesophageal varices in only one patient. In 26% of cases liver biopsy was non-diagnostic and the extrahepatic portal vein was demonstrated radiologically to be patent. Such patients were thought to be suffering from idiopathic portal hypertension, not previously described elsewhere in Africa. Hepatitis B surface antigen was detected in 12% of controls and in 58% of patients with cirrhosis (p less than 0.001). Some serological marker of previous hepatitis B virus infection was present in 92% of patients with cirrhosis and in 79% of controls. Kamba patients from Machakos and Kitui Districts were significantly more prevalent than expected among these 85 cases of portal hypertension.
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PMID:Chronic splenomegaly in Nairobi, Kenya. II. Portal hypertension. 312 51

In Yamanashi Prefecture, schistosomiasis japonica has been endemic since the 16th century. Control of the disease has been very successful and no new case has been reported since 1977. Research has been conducted on the relationship between schistosomiasis and liver cancer, but no definite conclusion has been reached. We carried out several studies on this subject from the viewpoint of epidemiology. A descriptive study showed a higher mortality rate for liver cancer in the endemic area of schistosomiasis than in the country as a whole, but not much difference from the mortality rate in the non-endemic area. A case-control study showed a high odds-ratio for cases with a history of schistosomiasis; however, the value is almost the same as for cases which had hepatitis B (HB) antigen. This study suggested a multiplicative effect of HB antigen, history of schistosomiasis and history of alcohol intake. A retrospective cohort study showed a significantly high mortality rate for liver cancer in male inhabitants of the endemic area. These results confirm that schistosomiasis was closely related to liver cancer. However, the follow-up study of liver cirrhosis showed no difference in the survival curve and death rate from liver cancer between schistosoma positive cases and negative cases. A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of HB virus showed a higher rate in inhabitants with a history of schistosomiasis than those without such a history. Although the above two studies were carried out in small samples, it is considered now that schistosomiasis is one of the co-factors of liver cancer and indirectly associated with it.
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PMID:Liver cancer in an endemic area of schistosomiasis japonica in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. 314 82

Ultrasound diagnosis of chronic schistosomiasis japonica was assessed by comparison with the results of serological tests using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with egg and adult worm antigen, and the circumoval precipitation test. The subjects were persons resident in the Chikugo River Basin in Kyushu, southwest Japan, where schistosomiasis used to be highly prevalent. Of 93 individuals with a past history of infection, 37 (39.8%) presented the characteristic echo pattern of the disease (network, sieve, mottled or mixed pattern). In the serological tests, the ultrasound (US)-positive subjects showed a significantly higher IgG antibody-positive rate in ELISA (81.1% for egg-ELISA), than the US-negative subjects (37.5% for egg-ELISA). Individuals bearing dead Schistosoma japonicum eggs proven by tissue biopsy showed a similar antibody-positive rate (76.5% for egg-ELISA) to that of the US-positive subjects. Sera of a group which had no schistosomiasis characteristic echo pattern, but had liver fibrosis, hepatomegaly or liver cirrhosis as shown by US, were also highly positive (71.4% for egg-ELISA). The present serological studies thus confirmed the usefulness of ultrasound diagnosis for chronic schistosomiasis japonica. Furthermore, we were able to determine certain indications of liver abnormality currently undefined in the normally utilized US classifications.
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PMID:Serological evaluation of ultrasound examination for chronic schistosomiasis japonica in a previously endemic area--the Chikugo River Basin, Japan. 315 43

From January 1978 to August 1987, 21 patients received a peritoneovenous shunt using the Le Veen valve (LVV). The indications criteria were the long-term diuretic therapy failure (mean time = 24.4 months) or resistence to medical therapy during hospital internment. The 21 patients underwent 36 surgeries, being 4 valve position review and 11 changes of LVV. The mean age was 51.6 years. Fifteen patients had alcoholic cirrhosis, 3 postnecrotic cirrhosis, one Budd-Chiari syndrome, one mansoni Schistosomiasis, and one malignant ascites. Ten were Child B and 9 Child C patients. Eight patients with history of previous esophageal varices bleeding (EVB) underwent endoscopic sclerotherapy (EE) before LVV implantation. Seven patients died in the early postoperative period (3 Child B and 4 Child C patients). Three patients died due to EVB and the others as consequence of hepatic failure (one), cardiac insufficiency (one), sepsis (one), and bronchopneumonia (one). The mean follow-up was 19.9 months (1-61). Early LVV occlusion occurred in 4 patients and late valve occlusion in others 4 patients. The LVV changes were done at ambulatorial preceeding. Ten patients (47.6%) died in late follow-up and in these cases death was related to the main disease course. It is concluded that: 1) LVV is a useful therapy in patients with intractable ascites, since it is not the terminal manifestations of disease; 2) early mortality is related to liver function and late mortality to main disease course; 3) ascitic patients with EVB should undergo endoscopic sclerotherapy before LVV implantation.
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PMID:[Use of the Leveen shunt in the treatment of clinically intractable ascites]. 325 81

Endoscopic sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices was carried out in 78 patients with schistosomiasis (Group I) and 71 cirrhotic patients (Group II). All Group I patients had uniformly good liver function. According to Child's classification 25 patients (35%) of Group II were Child A, 16 (23%) Child B and 30 (42%) Child C. The sclerotherapy was performed by intravascular injections of 3% ethanolamine. Throughout a follow-up period of at least 24 months, hemorrhage recurred in 13% of the Group I patients, with one death (1%). The Child A category had a 24% recurrence with a 4% death rate, Child B a 38% recurrence with a 50% death rate, and Child C group a 73% recurrence with no survivals. A comparison of patients with schistosomiasis and cirrhosis type A revealed no differences with respect to rebleeding or survival (p greater than 0.05). Differences were significant for bleeding recurrence and survival in Child B patients as compared with schistosomiasis patients (p less than 0.025). This difference was highly remarkable when patients with schistosomiasis were compared with Child C cases, both for recurrence and survival (p less than 0.001). On the basis of these observations it is concluded that results of sclerotherapy depend fundamentally on liver function, and thus this procedure is justified in the early phases of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Endoscopic sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices. A comparative study of results in patients with schistosomiasis and cirrhosis. 326 66

A total of 139 sera being 60 patients with liver disease were tested for auto-antibodies. Twenty six of the 60 patients had active chronic hepatitis, 19 acute hepatitis, 3 cirrhosis, 3 hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni, and 9 miscelaneous liver pathology. We found positivity for smooth muscle antibody in 26 cases: smooth muscle antibody-V in 15 cases, for smooth muscle antibody-T in 9, and for smooth muscle antibody-G in 10 other patients. Nine out of 10 patients with positive smooth muscle antibody-G had chronic active hepatitis and the remaining had cirrhosis. The other kinds of smooth muscle antibodies were irregularly distributed among the different hepatic disease studied. The higher levels of auto-antibodies were found mostly in chronic hepatic disease.
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PMID:[Anti-smooth muscle antibodies in a hospital population]. 353 72

Portal hypertension, widely recognized as a complication of cirrhosis, may also develop as an intrahepatic consequence of numerous hepatic disorders in the absence of cirrhosis. When gastrointestinal bleeding occurs in such cases, ruptured esophageal varices must be considered. Among chronic liver diseases, some, such as schistosomiasis, are commonly associated with portal hypertension and its complications. In others, including tuberculosis, amyloidosis, and polycystic disease, well-documented portal hypertension has been reported in only a small minority of cases. Nevertheless, because of the ever-present possibility of variceal hemorrhage whenever portal hypertension occurs, clinicians should be aware of these disorders. Acute conditions associated with noncirrhotic intrahepatic portal hypertension include acute (and particularly fulminant) viral or drug-induced hepatitis, acute alcoholic hepatitis, acute veno-occlusive disease, and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Portal hypertension may be reversible following recovery in these settings. Particular attention is called to the increasing frequency of acute veno-occlusive disease on bone marrow transplant units, presumably as a complication of high-dose chemo- and radiotherapy.
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PMID:Noncirrhotic intrahepatic portal hypertension. 354 26

A quantitative study of astrocytes was carried out in 80 microscopic fields and the number of paired nuclei in 100 consecutive astrocytes of the temporo-occipital gyrus cortex was determined in 13 patients with no cerebral or liver disease. No significant correlation was found between astrocyte number and the percentage of paired nuclei. When studies on astrocytes in hepatic encephalopathy, liver cirrhosis and hepatosplenic schistosomiasis are taken into consideration it is suggested that these cells are in continuous variable renewal in normal adult human nervous tissue, as occurs in other animal species.
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PMID:The significance of paired astrocyte nuclei in normal human nervous tissue. 365 44


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