Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Quantitative bone histomorphometry and evaluation of blood parameters have been performed in 24 patients with hepatic cirrhosis. 13 patients show osteoporosis which, in 8 of them, is associated with osteoclastic hyperactivity but without elevation of blood parathormon. All patients have hypocalcemia and 14 of them hyperosteidosis. These results are compared with data of the literature on bone morphometry and phosphocalcic metabolism during hepatic cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:[Bone in hepatic cirrhosis: morphometric and biological study (author's transl)]. 22 17

Despite regular long-term parenteral vitamin D2 treatment, four patients with biliary cirrhosis had multiple symptoms of bone disease and bone biopsy specimens showed osteomalacia without osteoporosis. Three patients also had a proximal myopathy. Plasma calcium values (after correction for albumin), phosphorus, magnesium, and serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D were within normal limits. Treatment with 1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2D3) relieved symptoms in three of the four patients and improved those in the fourth. Histological examination of bone showed improvement in all four patients, but serum and urinary biochemical changes were not pronounced. We conclude that 1,25-(0H)2D3 treatment has a beneficial effect on bone and muscle in hepatic osteomalacia, either because vitamin D 1-hydroxylation fails in biliary cirrhosis or because hepatic osteomalacia is resistant to vitamin D2 metabolites.
 ...
PMID:Parenteral 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in hepatic osteomalacia. 62 Feb 4

This study deals with 29 patients with cirrhosis, caused by alcohol in 23 cases, at a stage of edematoascitic decompensation. Calcemia was low 88 +/- 7 mg/l) as well as calciuria 87 +/- 92 mg/24 h). Phosphoremia and hydroxyprolinuria were within normal limits. A moderate diminution of 25 OH D3 (29,5 +/- 18 ng/ml) was observed in most patients but one third of them had no or very low levels of parathormone and 10 out of 27 had an elevated level of calcitonin. Bone histomorphometry which was done in 24 cases showed a discrete osteoporosis, a relative hyperosteoidosis and a hyperosteoclasis. There was a very significant relationship between hypocalcemia, and hypoalbuminemia but the other abnormalities could not be correlated significantly with either the duration or the severity of the disease. Hypocalcemia and bone histomorphometric abnormalities of cirrhosis can certainly not be explained only by a lack of liver hydroxylation of vitamin D.
 ...
PMID:[Vitamin D, parathormone, calcitonin and bone histomorphometry in patients with cirrhosis]. 75 54

The concentration of the vitamin D-binding protein was measured in human serum by single radial immunodiffusion. Normal serum concentrations were slightly higher in normal women than in normal men. No race-related difference was found between white people from Belgium and black people from Zaire. Lower concentrations were found in cord serum and in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Increased serum levels were observed during pregnancy or during the intake of estro-progestogens. The serum level of the vitamin D-binding protein was not altered in various diseases of calcium metabolism (primary osteoporosis, primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, rickets, osteomalacia or vitamin D intoxication). No correlation was found between serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and those of its binding protein. From these data the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The serum concentration of the vitamin D-binding protein (about 6.10(-6)M) largely exceeds the normal serum concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (about 4.10(-8)M), so that this protein is normally for less than 1% saturated, 2) Normal serum levels of the vitamin D-binding protein were observed in several diseases of calcium metabolism, and 3) The free concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is not regulated at a constant level.
 ...
PMID:The measurement of the vitamin D-binding protein in human serum. 88 87

The levels of circulating 25 OH-D were determined by a direct radio-competition methods both in normal subjects and in subjects with various pathological conditions. In normal subjects, the average level of 25 OH-D was higher in summer (42.3 ng/ml) than in winter (29.1 ng/ml), P less than 0.005. Monthly variations in the 25 HO-D levels were found in relation to insolation The level of 25 OH-D was practically normal in osteoporosis (28.9 ng/ml), clearly lower in the mixed forms called "osteoporomalacia" (13.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.005) and very low in osteomalacia (5.8 ng/ml, P less than 0.001). In cases of cortisone osteopathy the average level was 22.8 ng/ml (NS). The level of 25 OH-D was also found to be lower in hepatic cirrhosis (11.7 ng/ml, P less than 0.01), in subjects treated with anticonvulsants (P less than 0.01), and in the course of hyperparathyroidism (P less than 0.002). There was no corelation between the level of 25 OH-D and calcaemia, phosphoraemia, circulating immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, or the relative osteoid volume. In contrast, there seemed to be a good correlation with the level of alkaline phosphatasaemia. The level of 25 OH-D was also determined in 4 subjects with vitamin-resistant osteomalacia: in 3 cases hepatic hydroxylation seemed normal, indicating the possibility of a subsequent disorder of vitamin D metabolism; in one case the absence of hepatic hydroxylation was noted.
 ...
PMID:[Study of circulating 25 hydroxyvitamin D]. 98 30

Enteral calcium absorption was determined in 18 patients with non-obstructive liver disease (16 with liver cirrhosis, 2 with chronic hepatitis). There was no significant difference in comparison with healthy persons. Osteoporosis in patients with chronic liver disease probably is not due to impaired calcium absorption but to other complications of liver disease as immobility, muscle atrophy, chronic pancreatitis, alcoholism and malnutrition. Osteomalacia on the other hand, is a complication of long standing obstructive liver disease. In these cases vitamin D treatment is indicated.
 ...
PMID:[Osteopathies and calcium absorption in chronic liver diseases]. 122 54

This work reviews the most frequent late effects seen in long-term survivors and how they relate to individual therapeutic modalities: a) Growth: severe growth retardation is seen in patients treated by radiation therapy, related to dose, anatomical site and age of patient, along with bony abnormalities (scoliosis, atrophy or hypoplasia, osteoporosis). b) Fertility: chemotherapy, in particular alkylating agents and the methylhydrazine procarbazine, can interfere with gonadal function, especially when administered with abdomen and pelvic irradiation. This effect is often seen in Hodgkin disease. c) Cardiovascular function: the anthracyclines cardiotoxicity is well known and most commonly presents with cardiomyopathy, pericarditis or both. d) Pulmonary function: pulmonary fibrosis and recurring pneumonitis are the most common effects when more than a total dose 3000 cGy has been delivered to more than 50% of the lung. Chemotherapeutic agents (bleomycin, busulfan and many others) appear to be dose-related responsible for pulmonary disease in long-term survivors. e) Gastrointestinal function: fibrosis and enteritis are the most common pathologic abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly after radiation therapy. The hepatotoxicity of anticancer therapy is well known: fibrosis-cirrhosis is seen after radiation therapy when a total dose between 1200 and 5800 cGy is administered, but abnormal liver function is also found after chemotherapy, being methotrexate implicated as cause of chronic hepatopathy. f) Urinary tract: hemorrhagic cystitis has been associated with cyclophosphamide and iphosfamide, but today this complication has been reduced by the use of prophylactic measures such as vigorous hydration and diuresis. Radiation in dose exceeding 2000 cGy is a well-defined cause of renal failure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Late data in pediatric oncology]. 207 95

We analyzed 31 patients with a diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis, 29 of them males, aged 23 to 72 years. Liver biopsy was diagnostic in all showing initial findings of the disease in 5. Echotomography and cholangiography demonstrated a patent biliary, tract. Anti-mitochondrial antibodies were present in 94% of patients. Alkaline phosphatase and biliary acid levels were useful for diagnosis. Pruritus was present with varying intensity in all patients, with premenstrual exacerbations in 5 females who had cholestasis of pregnancy or hepatitis caused by progestin drugs before developing cirrhosis. Recurrent urinary tract infection was present in 8 patients, osteoporosis in 24, Sjogren's syndrome in 24 and Crest syndrome in 4. Survival ranged from 1 to 12 years, death being caused by ruptured esophageal varices in 12 patients and by liver failure in 7. Persistence of pruritus and altered liver function tests after cholestasis of pregnancy or hepatitis caused by progestins should lead to investigation of biliary cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:[Primary biliary cirrhosis. The clinical experience in 31 patients]. 215 67

In order to determine the prevalence and severity of hepatic osteodystrophy by non-invasive means we compared 115 consecutive ambulant patients with histologically proven chronic liver disease to 113 age and sex matched control subjects. Methods used included the assessment of fracture prevalence rates, spinal radiography, and measurements of bone mineral density in the spine and the forearm. Spinal and peripheral fractures were more prevalent in the patients than in the control subjects (p less than 0.03 and p less than 0.01 respectively). The type of the underlying liver disease did not significantly affect the fracture prevalence rates, but alcoholic patients sustained more peripheral fractures than patients with other hepatic disorders (p less than 0.05). The bone mineral densities of the spines and the forearms were significantly reduced in male patients of all age groups and in female patients aged 60 years or more (p less than 0.001 for men and p less than 0.01 for women for both measurements). The prevalence rates of spinal and forearm osteoporosis were twice as high among patients with liver disease than in control subjects regardless of the definitions used. The presence of cirrhosis and hypogonadism were major risk factors for development of both spinal (Beta coef = 0.190 and 0.176; SE = 0.079 and 0.086 respectively) and forearm osteoporosis (Beta coef = 0.20 and 0.29; SE = 0.073 and 0.80 respectively). Spinal bone density was the predominant determinant of spinal fractures (Beta coef = -0.007; SE = 0.001), while hypogonadism (Beta coef = 0.363; SE = 0.075) and cirrhosis (Beta coef = 0.185; SE = 0.068) were the major predictors of peripheral fractures. The concentrations of serum calcium and serum vitamin D metabolites and the use of corticosteroids were apparently without effect on the prevalence of skeletal fractures or bone density.
 ...
PMID:Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures in chronic liver disease. 231 34

We measured the concentrations of vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2D], and free 1,25-(OH)2D in sera of 107 patients with histologically proven chronic liver disease. Bone density measurements and dynamic skeletal histomorphometry were also performed. Osteoporosis, as defined by arbitrary criteria, was found in 42 patients (39%), while no patient had osteomalacia. Serum concentrations of vitamin D-binding protein, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, total 1,25-(OH)2D, and free 1,25-(OH)2D were reduced in patients with cirrhosis, but not in the noncirrhotic patients. Bone formation rates, which were low in 55 patients (51%), were correlated with liver functions, but not with the concentrations of either vitamin D metabolite. A subgroup of 44 patients with low serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations and low bone formation rates failed to show an appropriate increase in serum bone Gla protein after 1,25-(OH)2D3 administration even though serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D rose normally. These data suggest that the bone disease in patients with hepatic disorders is not related to the serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites or the effect of these metabolites on osteoblast function.
 ...
PMID:Serum vitamin D metabolites are not responsible for low turnover osteoporosis in chronic liver disease. 258 58


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>