Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-four cases of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis and meningoencephalitis occurred in Denmark between 1981 and 1986. The aim of the present study was to consider the antibiotic treatment of these patients, 33 males and 21 females aged from 16 months to 91 years: average (AV) 54 years. One or more predisposing factors (PF) were found in 30 patients (55%): steroid treatment (15), cancer (12), alcoholism and/or cirrhosis (10), diabetes mellitus (5), and renal allograft (2). Follow-up varied from 3 months to 5 years. Ampicillin (AMP) was used as the only antibiotic in 14 patients, and with an aminoglycoside (AMI) in 38 but AMI was withdrawn within 24-48 h in 14. High doses of AMP were used (AV 16 g/day) generally for two weeks (AV 11 days), but AMI was usually withdrawn in the first week (AV 5 days). The mortality rate (MR) was 39% and varied greatly between previously healthy patients (PHP) and those with one or more PF: only 2 out of 24 PHP died, both admitted to hospital with respiratory insufficiency and shock. No significant differences between survivors and non-survivors were observed either in the doses, duration and administration of AMP, or use of AMI, although a higher number of PF was found in the non-survivors. Relapse occurred in at least 3 immuno-compromised patients. Sequelae were reported in 9 patients. Death occurred in 6 within 24-48 h of admission. Delayed diagnosis and treatment together with the underlying disease seemed responsible for the high MR. More effective treatments in immunocompromised patients should be tried.
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PMID:The treatment of Listeria monocytogenes infections in the central nervous system. 263 4

The authors report a case of Pasteurella multocida meningoencephalitis in a 5 week-old female infant, with special attention to clinical, laboratory and evolutive features. A moderate neurological sequel was observed at follow-up examinations. A brief review of the importance of P. multocida in human pathology is presented on the basis of the international literature, since the authors did not find any Brazilian reports. The most important feature on P. multocida is the prevalence of bacterial meningitis at the extremes of age. Otherwise, significant mistaken was found between Gram stained smears of body fluids for P. multocida and Haemophilus influenzae or Neisseria meningitidis. Because its role in infections following animal bite or scratch and its opportunistic feature, P. multocida must be included among the possible etiologic agent of bacteremia or sepsis in patients with liver cirrhosis or immunosuppression.
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PMID:[Meningoencephalitis due to Pasteurella multocida: clinico-laboratory study of a case in an infant]. 263 88

Clinical and autopsy findings obtained from 15 male patients treated for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at 3 hospitals in Sao Paulo provided a clearer profile of AIDS cases in Brazil. Of the 12 patients whose sexual orientation was recorded, 9 were homosexual and 3 were bisexual. 75% were between the ages of 22-36 years; 14 were white. The duration of diseases ranged from 14 days-7 months in this series, confirming the rapid evolution of AIDS from 1st symptom to death. The most common clinical manifestations of disease were fever, cough, weight loss, diarrhea, and lymphadenopathy. Organs most frequently involved were the lungs (13 cases) and encephalum (9 cases). Microscopic findings revealed 9 types of microorganisms, fungi, and protozoa, the most common of which was Cytomegalovirus (7 cases). The cause of death was meningoencephalitis in 7 cases and panlobar pneumonia in 3 cases. The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma (2 cases) was surprisingly low in this series. In addition to lesions produced by microorganisms, there were important associated lesions represented by lymphocytic depletion, acute myocarditis, brown atrophy of neuronia, acute pancreatitis, and liver cirrhosis. Several microorganisms and tumors in these AIDS patients were discovered only at autopsy, confirming the importance of necropsy to the study of the natural history of this disease. An unexpected pathological finding in this series was the absence of cellular reactions to microorganisms, particularly Pneumocystis carinii, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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PMID:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Brazil. Necropsy findings. 362 18

In the annuals of autopsy records in Japan, edited by the Japanese Society of Pathology and covering 20 years, from 1958 to 1977, 377841 autopsy cases are registered with a short summary of the pathology findings. Of these, 434 cases with idiopathic, interstitial, viral, non-specific (NSM) and giant cell (GCM) myocarditis were found. The incidences of NSM and GCM were 0.11 and 0.007%, respectively. The annual incidence of NSM showed periodic fluctuations with in 5-year intervals and increased remarkably after 1974. Incidence of GCM showed a similar fluctuation but with a one to two year delay of peaks. The male to female ratio was 1.2: 1 and the age distribution had two peaked patterns for both sexes, though these peaks were scattered widely from neonate to elderly patients. The regional distribution of NSM showed a concentration in the middle portion of Honshu and its regional annual incidence had propagation waves from the central area to peripheral areas. The same tendency was observed in GCM cases. Hokkaido was characterized by a low incidence of NSM and no GCM. Complications of myocarditis included pancreatitis, pneumonitis, interstitial nephritis, meningoencephalitis, hepatitis, hepatic cirrhosis and a considerable incidence of malignancies. Antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, steroids and irradiation therapy were the main forms of treatment applied before or after the start of myocarditis.
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PMID:Twenty year autopsy statistics of myocarditis incidence in Japan. 382 May 37

A case of cryptococcosis simulating brain tumor was reviewed. A 66-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with chief complaint of vertigo, gait disturbance and dysarthria. These symptoms started about one year before admission and worsened. Vomiting and urinary incontinence appeared. Neurological examination revealed left cerebellar ataxia and dysarthria. In plain CT (computerized tomography) irregular ill-defined low density area was noted in the cerebellar vermis and bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. And slight ventricular dilatation was found. Irregular shape of ring-like enhancement corresponding to capsule and patchy or mottled enhancement inside the tumor were seen. Suboccipital craniectomy was performed and yellowish necrotic tumor with hard capsule was removed. Histological diagnosis was not neoplasm or tuberculoma. Postoperatively liver function progressively worsened. She died due to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Autopsy revealed typical liver cirrhosis without malignant change. 3.0 X 2.5 cm sized, slightly hard, yellowish lesion was found on upper part of cerebellar hemispheres. This had extremely necrotic tissue and a great number of cryptococcus neoformans were found. And other intracranial lesion was not confirmed. Finding of pulmonary cryptococcosis was not gained. Our case is very rare because of solitary cerebellar abscess and absence of meningitic episode or pulmonary cryptococcosis. There are three types of inflammation in cerebral cryptococcosis. The commonest manifestation is the meningitic type, the second mode is granulomatous lesion and the third and the least presentation is intracranial abscess formation. CT reveals various findings according to clinical stage. CT findings are those of meningitis, meningoencephalitis, granuloma and abscess. Cryptococcal granuloma or abscess often simulates brain abscess, glioma and metastatic brain tumor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of cerebral cryptococcosis, with special reference to computerized tomography findings]. 646 65

A 76-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital because of bacterial meningoencephalitis. He had eaten raw fish 2 days before onset. He also developed septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, adult respiratory distress syndrome and panophthalmitis of the right eye. Vibrio vulnificus was isolated from the blood culture. Extensive therapy including antibiotics and nafamostat methylate, resulted in full recovery except for right blindness. The necrotizing fasciitis, which is common with Vibrio vulnificus infection, had not been complicated in this patient.
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PMID:[A patient with Vibrio vulnificus meningoencephalitis]. 1571 95

We report a case of rhombencephalitis infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a 66-year-old man with cirrhosis. The CSF analysis indicated L. monocytogenes as the most likely pathogen. Blood and CSF culture were positive to L. monocytogenes and MRI findings were suggestive of rhomboencephalitis. The treatment was started empirically and then modified when the culture results were available. The patient had a full clinical recovery without neurologic sequelae. Clinicians should remember that L. monocytogenes most often presents as acute bacterial meningitis, particularly in the elderly, the immunosuppressed, and those with malignancies. L. monocytogenes CNS the infections may present as acute bacterial meningitis, meningoencephalitis, or acute encephalitis.
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PMID:Rhombencephalitis by Listeria monocytogenes in a cirrhotic patient: a case report and literature review. 2401 4

Meningitis and meningoencephalitis account for the majority of central nervous system infections by Listeria monocytogenes (Lm). Macroscopic listerial brain abscess is a rare infection. Early recognition of Listeria brain abscesses represents a major diagnostic challenge. Mortality from Listeria brain abscesses is high but can be reduced when appropriate treatment is timely started. Immunosuppressed patients are more often affected, and a high suspicion is needed for prompt identification. Treatment should be individualized taking into account the comorbidities, lesion size and location, bacterial resistance, and clinical and radiological response. We present a case of a supratentorial Lm brain abscess in a patient with liver cirrhosis whose family denied surgical management, and despite the large size, clinical and radiological success was achieved with 4 weeks of ampicillin.
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PMID:Supratentorial Listeria monocytogenes Brain Abscess in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis. 3205 30