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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using graphical representations to compare undistorted information it was attempted to bridge the gap between medicine and concerned risk-groups. Age-standardized mortality rates in 1979-1983 for 55 occupational groups (in 11 categories) of males aged 35 to 74 years were computed and compared to the Swiss national average; simultaneously the quantitative importance and the total mortality without accidents is shown for each occupational group: as an example the figure for lung cancer is reproduced. The elevated total mortality in the upper tertile of occupational groups is significantly explained by an increased risk of dying from circulatory or respiratory diseases, liver cirrhosis or malignancies of the lung, oropharynx, oesophagus or stomach. Foreseeable decrease of high-risk occupational groups will result in a further decline in mortality due to stomach cancer and cerebrovascular diseases in Switzerland.
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PMID:[Occupation-specific indicators for strategic prevention in risk groups]. 827 83

A previous study on 536 retired coke oven plant workers in Lorraine Collieries (France) reported an excess of deaths from lung cancer (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) = 251) compared with the French male population. Occupational exposures during working life were retraced for each subject, but the number of deaths during the observation period (1963-82) was small, and smoking habits were known only for dead subjects. In 1988, the cohort was re-examined (182 deaths occurred between 1963 and 1987) and smoking habits were determined for all the subjects. This study confirmed the excess of lung cancer (SMR = 238, p < 0.001). It showed an excess of mortality from all causes (SMR = 141, p < 0.001), overall cancers (SMR = 133, p < 0.05), and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 133, p < 0.05). A significant excess of deaths was found for subjects who worked near the ovens for all causes (145, p < 0.01), lung cancer (SMR = 252, p < 0.01), colon cancer (SMR = 381, p < 0.05), and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 155, p < 0.05). A significant excess mortality was also found from all causes (176, p < 0.05) and stomach cancer (SMR = 538, p < 0.01) in subjects who worked in byproducts, from lung cancer (SMR = 433, p < 0.001) in those in the workshops, and from cirrhosis of the liver and alcoholism (SMR = 360, p < 0.01) in those underground; but, due to small numbers, these figures were not robust. An excess of mortality from all causes (SMR = 163, p<001), lung cancer (SMR = 228, p<0.05) and cardiovascular diseases (SMR = 179, p<0.01) was shown also for non-exposed or slightly exposed subjects. The fact that, on the whole, mortality of various exposed groups was similar to that of non-exposed or slightly exposed workers may be explained in part by the selection at hiring and the healthy worker effect. As an increased risk of lung cancer was noted among subjects who worked in the old generations of plant compared with the other workers (although the relative risk was not significant) it is concluded that the role of occupational hazards could not be excluded.
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PMID:Mortality in retired coke oven plant workers. 843 45

In a consecutive series of 146 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 10 patients (6.8%) were found to have one or two extrahepatic malignancies (EHM). Of these, eight had double cancers and two, triple cancers. The associated malignancies included eight cases of gastric cancer and four cases of colon cancer. Among the 12 lesions, eight were in the early stage. All the 10 patients were hepatitis B surface antigen negative. The incidence of coexisting liver cirrhosis and the retention rate of indocyanin green in 15 minutes among HCCs with EHM were significantly lower than those among HCC alone. These results suggest that the etiology of HCC with EHM is different from the etiology of HCC alone in Japan.
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PMID:Clinical study on hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic malignancies. 853 Feb 27

Mortality at two engine plants was analyzed using proportional mortality and logistic regression models of mortality odds ratios to expand previous observations of increased cancers of the stomach, pancreas, and bladder, and cirrhosis of the liver among workers exposed to machining fluids. Causes of death and work histories were available for 1,870 decendents. There was a significant excess of deaths coded as diabetes for white men in both plants (PMR = 25/16.7 = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.02, 2.20), and a deficit of respiratory diseases. Black men had fewer than expected diabetes deaths and more emphysema deaths. Elevated PMRs for cancers of the stomach, pancreas, prostate, bladder, and kidney were not statistically significant in plantwide populations. However, stomach cancer mortality increased with duration in camshaft and crankshaft production at Plant 1 (OR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.6, 17; at mean duration of exposed cases), and among tool room workers (OR = 6.3, 95% CI = 1.3, 31), but these results were based on five cases. Nitrosamines were probably present in camshaft and crankshaft grinding at Plant 1. Pancreas cancer risk increased among workers at both plants ever employed in inspection (OR = 2.5, 16), in machining with straight oil (OR = 3.6, 95% CI = 1.04, 12), or in skilled trades (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1, 7.5). Lung cancer increased in cylinder head machining (OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.4, 11), millwright work (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.6, 9.0), and in Plant 2 generally (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.97, 2.2). Potential lung carcinogens included heat treatment emissions, chlorinated oils, and coal tar fumes (millwrights). Bladder cancer increased with duration among workers grinding in straight oil MF (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.15, 7.8) and in machining/heat-treat operations (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.14, 7.2).
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PMID:A survey of mortality at two automotive engine manufacturing plants. 891 13

To clarify the therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer surgery in the presence of cirrhosis, 39 patients with gastric cancer accompanied by liver cirrhosis were reviewed. Severe postoperative complications developed in 10 patients (25.6%), and there were 4 (10.3%) hospital deaths. 1 (2.6%) of which occurred within 1 month. Although extended lymph node dissection of D2 or more was adopted for low-risk patients, 3 of 19 patients who underwent such extensive operations, most of which involved complete lymph node dissection in the hepatoduodenal ligament, died. Conversely, only 1 of 20 patients who underwent limited lymph node dissection of D1 or less died. Postoperative massive ascites developed in 6 patients, 3 of whom died. The cumulative 5-year survival rate following curative resection was 63.7% for patients with early gastric cancer, and 13.9% for those with advanced gastric cancer. The most frequent cause of death was cirrhosis-related, such as hepatic failure or hepatoma. In conclusion, extensive lymph node dissection for patients with gastric cancer accompanied by cirrhosis carried a risk of postoperative fatal massive ascites as lymphorrhea. Thus, lymph node dissection in the hepatoduodenal ligament should be avoided, except in patients with evident metastases, and as a rule, aggressive surgery should not be performed in cirrhotic patients.
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PMID:Surgery for gastric cancer in patients with cirrhosis. 903 95

The diagnostic value of a new tumor marker, c-erbB-2, was studied in the sera of 50 controls, 112 patients with benign diseases and 534 patients with malignancies. Using 15 U/ml as the cutoff, no healthy subjects, patients with benign diseases (excluding liver cirrhosis) or patients with no evidence of disease (45 patients) had serum levels higher than this limit. Abnormal c-erbB-2 levels were found in 38.5% (10 of 26) of the patients with liver cirrhosis and in 26.7% (8 of 30) of those patients with primary liver cancer. No differences were found between the c-erbB-2 serum concentrations in liver cirrhosis or primary liver cancer, suggesting the possible catabolism of this antigen in the liver. Abnormal levels of this antigen were found in 20% (56 of 278) of the patients with breast carcinoma (locoregional 7%, metastases 41.5%), in 21% (6 of 28) of ovarian carcinomas (stage I-II 0%, stage III-IV 42.8%), in 21% (3 of 14) of the colorectal tumors (locoregional 0%, metastases 30%), and in 13.3% (11 of 83) of the patients with lung cancer (locoregional 11.5%, metastases 16%). C-erbB-2 sensitivity in other patients with advanced disease was: 25% (9 of 36) in prostatic cancer, 22% (2 of 9) in gastric cancer, and 11% (1 of 9) in vesical tumors. When patients with liver metastases were excluded abnormal c-erbB-2 serum levels were only found in breast, lung, prostatic and ovarian carcinomas. C-erbB-2 sensitivity in patients with lung cancer was related to tumor histology with significantly higher value in non-small cell lung cancer (mainly adenocarcinomas) than in patients with small cell lung cancer (p < 0.013). C-erbB-2 concentrations in patients with breast cancer were significantly higher in patients with recurrence (mainly bone and liver metastases) and in patients with progesterone receptor-negative (< 15 fmol/mg) tumors (p < 0.01). In conclusion, c-erbB-2 is not a specific tumor marker and abnormal serum levels may be found in patients with liver pathologies. Its sensitivity suggests its possible application as a tumor marker in breast, ovarian, lung (mainly adenocarcinomas) and prostatic tumors.
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PMID:Serum levels of C-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) in patients with malignant and non-malignant diseases. 914 15

Outcomes of surgery for gastric cancer or esophageal cancer in cirrhotic patients are not favorable. The preoperative assessment of liver function utilizing Child's classification or indocyanine green (ICG) excretion test can be a predictive factor of postoperative mortality. Operative risk is acceptable if patients are classified as Child's class A, and surgical procedures should be avoided in patients either classified as Child's class C or having ICG-R15 of 25% or more. To avoid postoperative complications, it is important to minimize the operative procedure and to ligate vessels instead of using electrocautery. Surgical stress and risk can further be reduced by a two stage operation for esophageal cancer and by gastrectomy with reduced lymph node dissection of D1 for gastric cancer. However, because curability of existing cancer is also required for surgical procedures, the status of liver cirrhosis and the stage of cancers should be considered in surgical treatment of gastric cancer or esophageal cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Surgery for upper gastrointestinal diseases in cirrhotic patients]. 933 Mar 81

Several cases of polyarteritis nodosa associated with malignant disorders have been reported, most with bone marrow-related tumors. We report polyarteritis nodosa presenting with a fever of unknown origin and muscle weakness that was complicated by advanced gastric carcinoma and hepatitis B virus-positive cirrhosis. Vasculitis was diagnosed after gastrectomy from histologic findings of arterial vasculitis on the resected gastric carcinoma. Our case is so far the second such report of polyarteritis nodosa associated with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Polyarteritis nodosa associated with gastric carcinoma and hepatitis B virus infection. 941 72

In the period 1989-94, mortality rates for the most important causes of death in people migrated to the Tuscany from other Italian regions were analysed. The area of birth was assessed according to the information on province of birth recorded on death certificates. For this analysis we classified Italy into Tuscany and five broad areas, each including a number of political regions: North-West, North-East, Centre, South and Islands. The number of person-years for calculation of the mortality risks was based on 1991 census data, which also included information on place of birth and on current residence. The risks of death of subjects born in other Italian areas and resident in Tuscany ("migrated populations") in comparison to Tuscany born population were assessed by means of Poisson multivariate regression models. For most sites (particularly for lung and breast), cancer mortality rates were higher among North-West and North-East born people and lower among Centre, South and Islands born people. Gastric cancer mortality was higher in Tuscany born subjects. Cardiovascular diseases mortality was generally lower among people born outside of the Tuscany, with the exception of ischaemic heart disease (higher in North-West and Islands born people). Liver cirrhosis mortality was generally higher in North-West, North-East, South and Islands born subjects (with some differences between males and females). Diabetes mellitus mortality was higher in South and Islands born people. AIDS and opioids overdose mortality was higher in North-West born subjects. Mortality for external causes was higher in people born outside of the Tuscany. Both in males and females, overall mortality was higher in North-West and lower in South born people and lower in Centre and Islands born males.
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PMID:[Mortality in population migrated from other Italian regions to the Tuscany region in 1989-94]. 962 2

The 1-6 fucosylated -fetoprotein (AFP) present in serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been employed for the differential clinical diagnosis of HCC from chronic liver diseases. The molecular mechanism by which this alteration occurs, however, remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we purified GDP-L-Fuc:N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide 1-6 fucosyltransferase (1-6 FucT), an enzyme involved in the 1-6 fucosylation of N-glycans from porcine brain, as well as from a human gastric cancer cell line, and cloned their genes. In this study, levels of 1-6 FucT mRNA expression and the activity of this enzyme for 12 human HCC tissues were examined and compared with that in surrounding tissues and normal livers. The mean +/- SD for 1-6 FucT activity was 78 +/- 41 pmol/h/mg in normal control liver, 202 +/- 127 pmol/h/mg in adjacent uninvolved liver tissues (chronic hepatitis: 181 +/- 106 pmol/h/mg; liver cirrhosis: 233 +/- 164 pmol/h/mg), and 195 +/- 72 pmol/h/mg in HCC tissues. The mRNA expression of 1-6 FucT was also enhanced in proportion to enzymatic activity except for a few cases, suggesting that 1-6 FucT expression is increased in chronic liver diseases, especially liver cirrhosis. Transfection of 1-6 FucT gene into cultured rat hepatocytes markedly increased 1-6 FucT activity and led to an increase in lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) binding proteins in both cell lysates and condition media. When the 1-6 FucT gene was transfected into a human HCC cell line, Hep3B, which originally showed low levels of 1-6 FucT expression, 1-6-fucosylated AFP was dramatically increased in the condition media. Collectively, these results suggest that the enhancement of 1-6 FucT expression increased the fucosylation of several proteins, including AFP, and that the level of 1-6-fucosylated AFP in patients with HCC was in part caused by up-regulation of the 1-6 FucT gene expression.
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PMID:Gene expression of alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase in human hepatoma tissues: a possible implication for increased fucosylation of alpha-fetoprotein. 975 30


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