Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A Japanese pathologist's contribution to the discussion of the problem on differentiation of hyperplasia from neoplasia is to introduce his experience and knowledge in human and experimental pathology of gastric, hepatic, and uterine cervical cancers, all of which are prevalent in Japan. Canine and rodent gastric cancers induced experimentally by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, respectively, show different histologic types which are similar to human gastric cancer when examined routinely by endoscopic method. Dogs show more similarities to human gastric cancer than rats in the morphologic features and responses to chemotherapy. Serial liver biopsies performed on patients with liver diseases revealed the final stages of liver cell carcinoma in some of them. They all progressed to liver cirrhosis before terminating in carcinoma. However, this does not mean that the hyperplastic nodule is an obligatory precursor of carcinoma in human. Among experimental models of liver cancer produced by a large number of agents, only carbon tetrachloride and luteoskyrin seem to induce liver cell carcinoma combined with cirrhotic lesions in rodents. The mode of manifestation of atypical changes in the proliferating cells as preneoplastic or neoplastic lesions seems to differ according to tissue. The cellular pathology of cervicovaginal smears is a reliable index for detection of carcinoma in the cervix, where the appearance of atypical cells represents a landmark between benign and malignant tumors.
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PMID:How does Japan differentiate hyperplasia from neoplasia? 404 65

Ceftizoxime (CZX), a parenteral cephalosporin derivative belonging to the so-called third generation cephalosporin is reported to have a broad antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative aerobic bacilli and some anaerobes, such as Bacteroides fragilis and a good stability to beta-lactamases. Clinical study was performed on a total of 20 cases, 9 females (1 case had urinary tract infection 3 times) and 11 males, aged from 27 to 82 years. All patients had the underlying diseases. They were bronchial asthma in 3 cases, influenza in 1, chronic pulmonary emphysema in 1, pulmonary fibrosis in 1, chronic bronchitis with strongyloidiasis in 1, lung cancer in 3, esophagus cancer in 2, stomach cancer in 1, hepatoma with urolithiasis in 1, liver cirrhosis with diabetes mellitus in 1, alcoholism with strongyloidiasis in 1, cholelithiasis in 1 and congestive heart failure in 1, respectively. Clinical diagnoses for infections were 2-acute bronchitis, 2-exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 2-broncho-pneumonia, 2-pneumonia including one suspected case, 1-obstructive pneumonia, 2-secondary pulmonary infection, 1-pulmonary infection, 3-urinary tract infection (UTI), 1-UTI with sepsis, 1-sepsis, 1-sepsis with purulent meningitis, 1-biliary tract infection and 1-infected bronchoesophageal fistula. CZX was given by intravenous drip infusion, at a dose of 1 to 2 g, twice daily for 3 to 15 days. Because of severity in infections and underlying diseases, some cases were treated either steroid, gamma-globulin preparations or other antibiotics in combination with CZX. Twelve out of 15 cases assessed clinically responded satisfactorily to the treatment and efficacy rate was 80.0%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effectiveness of ceftizoxime on various infections in patients with underlying diseases]. 609 Jul 23

A rapid method for determining urinary indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is introduced as the tumor-marker for the screening and diagnostic purpose of cancer patients by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Its clinical significance is discussed along with a review of literatures. The IAA concentration and creatinine level of optionally collected urine samples were measured and used for the calculation of IAA amount per unit creatinine (microgram IAA/mg creatinine) in urine. Thus, an amount of 24-hours urinary IAA could be calculated without collecting a whole day's urine supply. Analysis of urinary IAA was performed within 10 minutes by HPLC. Urinary IAA level is usually high in the patients with the upper G-I tract cancers such as gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and hepato-biliary tract cancer, and also malignant hematopoietic disorders. But it is also high in non-cancer patients such as liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus and cholelithiasis occasionally. The patients with high urinary IAA level also showed high urinary levels of 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and monoamine oxidase activity (MAO). It was characteristic that hepatocellular carcinoma showed slight elevation of urinary IAA with normal levels of 5-HIAA and MAO. It is conclusive that the positive rate of elevated urinary IAA level was high in the patients with gastric cancer with ulcer-forming type in its morphological classification, and its level tends to elevate as the disease progresses. Therefore, the measurement of urinary IAA level in an optionally collected urine sample, as the tumor-marker, can be useful to check the progression and regression of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A rapid method for determining urinary indoleacetic acid concentration and its clinical significance as the tumor-marker in the diagnosis of malignant diseases]. 620 79

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

Chile has been no exception to the Latin American trend of declining general mortality, i.e., over the past 20 years (between 1961-81) general mortality in Chile fell by some 47%. A number of circumstances makes Chile a suitable place for studying the factors leading to these favorable developments. National information is available, including reasonably reliable data on the magnitude of health problems, the risks of dying, and the collection of conditioning factors affecting health. Adjusting for age and sex, overall mortality in Chile fell by 20% in the 1960s and 29% in the 1970s, but the most marked declines, especially in the latter decade, occurred among infants (a 60% reduction) and children 1-4 years old (a 67% reduction). Morbidity indicators suggest that overall morbidity declined little, but considerable reductions were observed in infectious disease cases preventable by immunization as well as in moderate and severe cases of malnutrition. Data on deaths attributed to specific causes show that mortality due to certain causes, including communicable diseases, malnutrition, maternal problems, and stomach cancer, dropped sharply, while mortality caused by a wide range of mostly chronic problems remained relatively stable. This implies that health efforts made to combine those latter problems failed to greatly modify the mortality involved. It is difficult to quantify the mental health status of any group unless data on reliable and representative indicators are available. In Chile, information is available only on mortality caused by problems whose genesis normally involves a change in mental health. This happens in the case of alcoholism and cirrhosis of the liver, the latter generally being caused in Chile by excess alcohol consumption. Accidents and violent acts also have been associated frequently in Chile with excess alcohol consumption and emotional disturbances. With the exception of mortality attributed to alcoholism, which increased by 0.3 deaths/100,000 inhabitants between 1970-80, mortality caused by the rest of the conditions associated with mental problems decreased during the decade. The major economic crisis of the 1970s seemed to have no effect on the mortality trend, so that declining mortality appears independent of the significant variations in per capita income during this period. Since the 1960s the Chilean health policy has assigned top priority to maternal and child health, emphasizing periodic checkups for expectant mothers, infants, and young children. Available evidence strongly supports the idea that a notable extension of coverage provided by the Chilean health services, especially primary care and infant oriented health services, was principally responsible for the rapid decline of infant and young child mortality.
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PMID:An analysis of health progress in Chile. 665 16

The concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mean value (with standard deviation) in the control group was 9.9 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. Serum levels exceeding 15 ng/ml were defined as positive, and it was found that 94% of 18 patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis, 88% of 8 patients with primary liver cancer without cirrhosis, 77% of 13 patients with metastatic liver cancer, 86% of 7 patients with recurrent breast cancer, 86% of 8 patients with colonic cancer, 75% of 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, 70% of 23 patients with stomach cancer, 51% of 35 patients with lung cancer, and 54% of 28 patients with uterine cancer showed positive levels. The concentrations showed great intersubject variations, probably reflecting the activity of tumor growth and/or invasion. The concentrations in the sera of patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis were generally higher than those in patients with liver cirrhosis alone or primary liver cancer without cirrhosis. This result suggested that the growth of primary liver cancer complicated by cirrhosis might be detected by serial measurements of this peptide in the serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. Present data suggested that this peptide is not cancer-specific, but assay of the peptide might be of value as an auxiliary means of detecting and monitoring various cancers, especially liver cancer.
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PMID:High concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers, with special reference to liver cancer. 673 30

Drinking and subsequent mortality were examined in a cohort of 5,209 men and women from Framingham, Massachusetts. Alcohol histories were obtained at the second biennial examination (1950-1954) from 2,106 men and 2,641 women. Of this group, 646 men and 521 women died in the next 22 years. Unlike what is reported from most other prospective studies, men who drank had lower mortality than men who did not, the lowest mortality being for light drinkers. Even men drinking 60 ounces of alcohol per month or more had no greater mortality than nondrinkers. Drinking by women was unrelated to subsequent mortality. For most alcohol-related causes, there were too few deaths to analyze. Liver cirrhosis, however, accounted for 24 deaths. Although these were related to alcohol use, more than half of the persons dying from this cause reported drinking less than 60 ounces of alcohol per month at baseline. There was, however, a very strong association of heavy alcohol consumption with stomach cancer, but not with any other cancer.
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PMID:Drinking and mortality. The Framingham Study. 674 28

Analysis of patterns of male mortality in Australia during 1968-1978 shows elevated death rates from liver cirrhosis, alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis in various rural, service, and "blue-collar" occupations. The risks of mortality from lung cancer and cancers of the upper alimentary tract and larynx--sites influenced by alcohol and tobacco consumption--are raised in the latter two groups. In contrast, the risks of mortality from cancer of the colon, thought to be influenced by dietary "affluence", are consistently higher for professional and "white-collar" groups. As reported in other populations, stomach cancer mortality risks are higher for service and blue-collar groups. The risks of mortality from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are also higher, albeit moderately, for these two groups. The consideration of personal behaviour as a reflection of socioeconomic and subcultural influences is a prerequisite to effective community health education.
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PMID:Mortality risks in Australian men by occupational groups, 1968-1978: variations associated with differences in drinking and smoking habits. 708 48

The levels of serum secretory component (SC) were measured in 147 patients with digestive disease. Decreased levels were found patients with acute hepatitis, HBs-antigen associated chronic hepatitis, HBs-antigen associated liver cirrhosis and hepatoma. Normal levels were observed in patients with diabetes mellitus, gastric cancer and colonic carcinoma. Elevated levels were found in patients with cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice and acute pancreatitis. The serum SC level in almost all disease groups showed no correlation with immunoglobulin levels.
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PMID:Studies on secretory component in digestive disease. III. Levels of serum secretory component in digestive disease. 743 18

A rare case of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing early gastric cancer with liver cirrhosis is presented. A 61-year-old man was admitted to Shimane Medical University Hospital in 1988 because of abnormal liver function test results suggestive of liver cirrhosis with mild elevation of AFP. Liver cirrhosis was confirmed laparoscopically and histologically. Gastric cancer was found in fluoroscopic and endoscopic studies. After partial gastrectomy, the serum AFP level fluctuated transiently within normal limits, and then gradually increased soon after the operation. Therefore, complication of hepatocellular carcinoma was suspected, but no tumor in the liver was detected by any imaging examination, including angiography. Two years after the operation, swelling of abdominal periaortic lymph nodes was noted at a periodic checkup, but still no hepatic tumor was found. At this point, AFP-producing gastric cancer was suspected, and an AFP staining test was carried out on the tissue of the resected specimen. AFP-positive cells were recognized immunohistochemically. Thus, we diagnosed the condition as post-operative recurrence of an AFP-producing gastric cancer accompanying liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein-producing early gastric cancer accompanying liver cirrhosis: a case report. 751 8


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