Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have made a prospective study in alcoholic patients, with and without hepatic cirrhosis, in order to evaluate the presence of modifications in the composition of pancreatic juice (JPP) and in the pancreatogram that allows us to diagnose the existence of chronic pancreatitis associated with alcoholic cirrhosis (CE). The patients where 23 chronic alcoholics, 13 of them with CE and the other 10 with no hepatic injury (AC). In all, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (CPRE) was made and after having obtained a pancreatogram a intravenous infusion of secretin and cholecystokinin was performed. The total volume, the concentrations and the out-puts of bicarbonate, amylase, lipase and total proteins were measured in the pancreatic juice collected during 12 minutes. The pancreatogram was normal in the 92.3% of CE and in all the AC. Patients with CE had similar values of all the evaluated parameters to AC patients. In conclusion, there seems to be a good correlation between the pancreatogram and the analytic study of JPP, because the JPP has no qualitative and quantitative anomalies when the Wirsung duct is normal. In our opinion the study of JPP is not useful in the diagnostic of chronic pancreatitis associated with alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Pancreatic function and morphology in chronic alcoholism with and without cirrhosis]. 141 27

There have been many reports on renal lesions of alcoholic cirrhosis, but not on those of post-hepatitis cirrhosis (PHC) up to present. A clinical and pathological observation on PHC was carried out prospectively in 18 and retrospectively in 34 cases. Renal specimens were examined with light and electron microscopy and immunopathological methods (immunofluorescence and peroxidase anti-peroxidase). Clinically, recurrent gross hematuria was observed in 2 and wild urinary abnormality in 17 cases. One case developed renal failure and the remaining 32 cases had no clinical evidence of renal involvement. Light microscopy showed wild mesangial lesions in 44 cases and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening with segmental splitting in 29 and diffuse splitting in 2 cases. Massive protein deposition was found in the GBM, mesangium (Ms) and tubular basement membrane as well as the epithelium and endothelium. Immunopathological examination showed massive deposition of various immunoglobulins and complements in GBM and Ms, with IgG dominant in 8, IgM dominant in 7, IgA dominant in 6 and "full house" in 11 cases. HBsAg was detectable in GBM and Ms in 5 cases (9.6%) and HBcAg in one. Focal interstitial fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltration were found in 15 (28.3%). Our data revealed that renal lesions of post-hepatitis cirrhosis are different from those of the so-called "cirrhotic glomerulonephritis" in certain aspects. They are characterized by definite GBM involvement and massive deposition of immunoglobulins and complements. Its pathogenesis may be more complicated than that of other types of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Renal lesions of post-hepatitis cirrhosis]. 142 1

The purpose of the study was evaluation of the usefulness of selected indices of humoral immune responsiveness in the differential diagnosis of post-alcoholic hepatocellular damage. The study was carried out in 105 patients: 10 patients with a history of alcohol abuse without clinical and biochemical evidence of hepatocellular damage, 2) patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 3) patients with post-inflammatory cirrhosis. The prognostic usefulness of the determinations of serum IgM, C3 and C4 complement components and circulating immune complexes in early diagnostic of alcoholic liver disease was demonstrated. It was noted also that increased serum IgA level may be a useful index differentiating of cirrhosis after hepatitis from alcoholic cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Diagnostic and prognostic value of the assessment of selected indicators of humoral immunity in alcoholism-related pathology of the liver]. 144 22

The authors report on their experience of 158 liver transplants performed on 135 patients. Nineteen underwent re-transplantation and four of these required a second re-transplantation; total number of re-transplantations: 23 (14.6%). Hepatic cirrhosis was the most common indication (50.6%), of which alcoholic cirrhosis was the most common type (32.5%). The authors briefly report on their operative techniques and the results of their procedures. The operative mortality (30 days) was 13.3% (18 out of 135 patients). Complications included nine cases of hepatic artery thrombosis (5.7%), four of arterial stenosis (2.5%), one case of portal venous stenosis (0.63%), four cases of post-operative portal venous thrombosis (2.5%), seven of biliary fistula (4.4%; five following choledochocholedochostomy and two following choledochojejunostomy), and two cases of common bile duct stenosis (1.3%). The actuarial survival rate at 48 months is 80%.
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PMID:Results of orthotopic liver transplantation: a personal experience. 145 19

Since most heavy drinkers do not develop alcoholic cirrhosis, other causes or predisposing factors are probable. The authors studied traits of 128,934 adults who underwent health examinations at the Oakland and San Francisco, California, facilities of the Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program from January 1978 to December 1985 in relation to subsequent hospitalization or death from cirrhosis of the liver. In analyses adjusted for nine covariates, past and current alcohol drinking were strongly related to cirrhosis risk, but usual choice of alcoholic beverage had no independent relation. Cigarette smoking was independently related to risk of alcoholic cirrhosis, with cigarette smokers of a pack or more per day at trebled risk compared with lifelong nonsmokers. Coffee drinking, but not tea drinking, was inversely related to alcoholic cirrhosis risk, with persons who drank four or more cups per day at one-fifth the risk of noncoffee drinkers. This inverse relation between coffee consumption and risk of alcoholic cirrhosis was consistent in many subsets, including persons free of gastrointestinal disease and those with 5 or more years before hospitalization or death. Cigarette smoking and coffee consumption were not consistently related to risk of hospitalization or death for nonalcoholic cirrhosis. These data could mean that cigarette smoking promotes alcoholic cirrhosis and that coffee drinking might be protective.
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PMID:Alcohol, smoking, coffee, and cirrhosis. 147 47

The blood and plasma concentrations of thiamin and thiamin phosphate esters were determined concomitantly by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 22 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and also in 10 of them 24 hr after a 100 mg thiamin i.m. injection. Sixteen patients were abstaining from alcohol at the time of the study, 6 were currently misusing alcohol. The control group included 30 healthy volunteers, of whom 10 were given the same thiamin injection as the patients. Blood thiamin diphosphate was the only compound decreased in the abstaining patients compared to controls (70.9 +/- 21.9 nmol/l vs. 84.4 +/- 19.0 nmol/l), but all thiamin compounds in blood and plasma were decreased in the misusing patients. All thiamin compounds (except blood monophosphate) were also significantly lower in the misusing than in the abstaining patients (plasma thiamin: 5.3 +/- 1.3 vs. 11.7 +/- 8.3 nmol/l; plasma monophosphate: 1.0 +/- 1.1 vs. 4.1 +/- 2.9 nmol/l; blood diphosphate: 45.7 +/- 18.3 vs. 70.9 +/- 21.9 nmol/l). Thiamin phosphorylation ratio was decreased in the patients after thiamin administration compared to controls (2.83 +/- 0.74 vs. 3.68 +/- 0.58). Plasma thiamin was higher in the abstaining patients than in the controls (11.7 +/- 8.4 nmol/l vs. 7.3 +/- 2.5 nmol/l), and above the mean + 2 SD of the controls in 31% of the abstaining patients. In conclusion, current ethanol misuse is associated with low thiamin concentrations, and liver cirrhosis is associated with a decreased thiamin diphosphate concentration and thiamin phosphorylation.
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PMID:The concentration of thiamin and thiamin phosphate esters in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. 147 55

The pharmacokinetics of trapidil (Rocornal, Deutsches Hydrierwerk Rodleben GmbH) were studied in 15 patients with chronic liver disease (12 patients with hepatic cirrhosis, 2 patients with alcoholic fatty liver, one patient with liver fibrosis). Trapidil was given orally (200 mg, Rocornal dragees 100 mg) as well as intravenously (100 mg) in random order. Serum samples were analyzed for trapidil by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with the parameters of 12 healthy volunteers, investigated by Weiss [1991]. Total plasma clearance was decreased significantly in patients with hepatic cirrhosis (99.6 ml/min vs 273.1 ml/min in controls and 255.3 ml/min in patients with non cirrhotic liver disease). However, there was no difference in clearance between patients with compensated and patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Clearance and aspartate aminotransferase activity correlated inversely. In addition, in some of the patients suffering from portal hypertension delayed absorption was observed, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The volumes of distribution were significantly lower in patients with non alcoholic cirrhosis (19.9 l vs 36.8 l in controls and 41.0 l in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis). It might be concluded from this study, that dosage adjustments are necessary in treatment of patients with cirrhosis. In patients suffering from portal hypertension an intravenous administration should be prefered.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics of trapidil (Rocornal) in patients with chronic liver disease. 149 Aug 1

Splenomegaly is a common finding in patients with portal hypertension. In the present study the relation between spleen size and blood flow in the splenic and portal vein was evaluated in 33 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension using pulsed Doppler sonography (Ultramark 9, ATL, Solingen, FRG). There was a significant positive correlation between hilar spleen diameter (HD) and splenic vein diameter (r = .73, p less than .001) as expected as the consequence of portal hypertension. However, a positive correlation between HD and splenic vein flow (SBF) was found (r = .67, p less than .001). Furthermore, there was no negative correlation between HD and flow velocity in the splenic vein (r = .01, n.s.). Portal blood flow (830 +/- 360 ml/min) was fairly constant in spite of considerable variations in SBF (range: 120 to 1200 ml/min). The data of the present study indicate that splenomegaly in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension is not simply the consequence of portal congestion resulting in decreased SBF. Rather, increased SBF serves to maintain portal blood flow and thereby contributes to portal hypertension. In few patients (15%) SBF increased to more than 11/min may be an important factor for the severity of portal hypertension. Surgical shunt treatment should be adjusted in these patients.
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PMID:[Splenic size and duplex sonography determination of blood flow in the vena lienalis and vena portae in liver cirrhosis]. 151 Dec 15

Gallbladder emptying after fatty meal administration was investigated by real-time ultrasonography in 10 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, and 10 normal controls. Gallbladder volume was measured using the sum of cylinders method before and 5', 15', 20', 30', 60', 90', and 120' after fatty meal administration. Patients with liver cirrhosis presented the gallbladder volume significantly increased after 15' and 20', and significantly reduced after 60' and 90' in respect to controls. A significant difference was found between the groups in the two curves, patients showing a retarded contraction of gallbladder. The mechanism for sluggish gallbladder emptying in liver cirrhosis is unknown, however impaired emptying with bile stasis provides a potential pathophysiology basis for the high frequency of cholelithiasis in this disease.
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PMID:[Assessment of gallbladder motility in patients with alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis after a fatty meal. A real-time ultrasonography study]. 152 Jul 53

Liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis remains controversial at some transplantation centers. We compared resource utilization and outcome in alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation. Data were collected from 56 patients who underwent transplantation for alcohol-related cirrhosis from August 1985 to February 1991 and compared with data from a control group matched for age, sex, Child-Pugh class, and date of transplantation. No significant differences were noted in the resource utilization variables examined or in outcome (as assessed by indicators of early graft function, frequency of sepsis, incidence of rejection, renal function, and retransplantation rate). One-year survival was not significantly different (75% for the alcoholic cirrhotic group vs 76% for the nonalcoholic cirrhotic group). We conclude that liver transplantation for end-stage alcohol-related cirrhosis provides excellent results and that resource utilization appears to be equivalent to that for patients undergoing transplantation for non-alcohol-related cirrhosis.
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PMID:Resource utilization and outcome of liver transplantation for alcoholic cirrhosis. A case-control study. 152 75


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