Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two infants who had obstructive jaundice due to congenital stenosis of the ampulla of Vater improved dramatically with sphincteroplasty. In one, the jaundice was complicated by hepatocellular dysfunction and mild biliary cirrhosis. Only a few cases of such an anomaly have been reported, mostly with different modes of clinical presentation.
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PMID:Obstructive jaundice due to congenital stenosis of the ampulla of Vater. 51 Aug 66

The SGOT/SGPT ratio is significantly elevated in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis (2.85 +/- 0.2) compared with patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis (1.74 +/- 0.2), chronic hepatitis (1.3 +/- 0.17), obstructive jaundice (0.81 +/- 0.06) and viral hepatitis (0.74 +/- 0.07). An SGOT/SGPT ratio greater than 2 is highly suggestive of alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. It occurs in 70% of these patients compared with 26% of patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis, 8% with chronic hepatitis, 4% with viral hepatitis and none with obstructive jaundice.
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PMID:The SGOT/SGPT ratio--an indicator of alcoholic liver disease. 52 Jan 2

In the course of 4 years, among 11,738 admissions there were 245 (2.08%) patients with cholestasis (106 women and 139 men). Intrahepatic cholestasis (i.c.) was detected in 46.5%, and extrahepatic (e.c.) in 53.5%. The most frequent cause of i.c. were alcoholic and nonalcoholic chr. liver disease (fatty liver, chr. hepatitis, cirrhosis) (37% and 30%), acute viral hepatitis (15%) and toxic liver injury (14%) respectively. The causes of e.c. were: choledocholithiasis (44%), cancer of the pancreatic head (15%), cancer of gallbladder and extrahepatic ducts (12%) and cancer of liver (10%). The causes of c. were benigne, in 78.2%, while malignant neoplasms were present in 21.8%. Out of the multitude of laboratory tests two appeared particularly significant: glut, transpeptidase was pathologic in 81% of alcoholic liver disease, in 62% of the cases with obstructive jaundice and in 27.7% of malignant neoplasms. LX-lipoprotein examined in 52 patients was positive in 24% of i.c., and 60% of e.c. Proliferation of bile ducts was the most frequent finding in surgical liver biopsies in choledocholithiasis cases.
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PMID:Differential diagnosis, laboratory tests and histology in 245 patients with cholestasis. 52 15

During the last seven years percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (THD) was used in 13 patients to relieve obstructive jaundice caused by postsurgical stricture. Nine patients had internal drainage with dilatation, and external drainage alone was feasible or available in 4 patients. Of these 4, 2 had further reconstructive surgery without lasting results, jaundice was not completely relieved in 1 because of biliary cirrhosis, and 1 died in hepatic coma from sclerosing cholangitis. Eight patients treated with internal drainage and dilatation became asymptomatic with normal serum bilirubin values; the ninth patient, with biliary cirrhosis and portal hypertension, improved only moderately.
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PMID:Transhepatic dilatation of choledochoenterostomy strictures. 69 98

The urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid, a catabolite of glucuronic acid, is considered to be a reliable index of the state of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. Because enzyme activity may be altered in liver disease, we examined the effect of liver disease on the excretion of this metabolite and its correlation with liver function tests. We studied 89 patients with nonhemolytic jaundice, 39 with viral hepatitis, 33 with obstructive jaundice, six with cirrhosis, and 11 patients with jaundice of mixed etiology. Glucaric acid excretion was significantly increased in all these patients as compared to controls, most pronounced in the obstructive jaundice group. No correlation was found between glucaric acid excretion and concentrations of bilirubin, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, or gamma-glutamyltransferase in serum, even though the concentrations of these analytes did vary with the type of liver disease. We suggest that this increase in glucaric acid excretion is an indication of normal or even increased glucuronidation (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity), which occurs in liver disease.
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PMID:Increased D-glucaric acid excretion by jaundiced patients. 69 85

Aliphatic mercaptans (aethanthiol, methanthiol, dimethylsulphide) can be measured in serum with a simple and rapid gaschromatographic method. The test takes 30 minutes. Aethantiol was found to be increased ten-fold (P less than 0.0001) in patients with acute hepatic failure (endogenous coma), while in exogenous hepatic coma it was always normal or decreased. Mild increase in aethanthiol concentration (two or threefold) was also found in chronic aggressive hepatitis, cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice. Methanthiol concentration was elevated in patients with endogenous and exogenous hepatic coma. Values for methanthiol are, however, of only limited use, because methionine is converted in small amounts to methanthiol during the test procedures. Dimethylsulphide is found in only very severe cases of endogenous or exogenous hepatic coma and can be considered to be a prognostically unfavourable sign. Determination of mercaptans makes it possible to differentiate exactly between endogenous and exogenous hepatic coma. Its value also lies in the recognition of the severity of endogenous intoxication and it is suitable for serial and control determination of the effectiveness of therapeutic measures.
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PMID:[The diagnostic value of determining serum-mercaptans in liver disease (author's transl)]. 71 Feb 90

9 out of 204 unselected cystic fibrosis (CF) patients seen at the Department of Pediatrics, University of Berne, Switzerland, over the last 20 years had clinically overt liver disease. In 7 patients liver cirrhosis was demonstrated (3.4%). Focal biliary cirrhosis was the pertinent finding in 3 cases, whereas another 3 showed unspecific nodular cirrhosis. One infant presented with prolonged obstructive jaundice due to partial extrahepatic atresia and delayed passing of meconium. Two other patients had steatosis. A review of the literature dealing with clinical and laboratory findings in CF patients with liver disease is given.
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PMID:Liver involvement in cystic fibrosis. A report of 9 cases. 71 97

To determine the clinical significance of serum bile acid measurements, changes in the serum bile acid composition in liver diseases and endogenous bile acid clearance due to test meal loads were investigated. In the case of changes in the serum bile acid composition, a characteristic pattern of a remarkable increase of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was found in fulminant hepatitis. In patients with acute hepatitis, increases in CDCA were somewhat greater than those of cholic acid (CA) and there was tendency for these changes to precede changes in other liver function tests. In cases of extrahepatic obstructive jaundice, the CA/CDCA ratio was a large value exceeding 1.0. In investigations of endogenous bile acid clearance, serum bile acid concentration two hours after the text meal load clearly reflected the hepatic disorder and it was useful in differentiating between active and inactive form in chronic hepatitis and compensation and decompensation in liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum bile acid measurement in liver diseases. 74 93

The authors have studied the frequency of an abnormal lipoprotein (LP-X), by the method presented by YAE e col. (21). The LP-X test is useful in differentiating of a cholestatic process from a non-cholestatic one, but it is not adequate to distinguish an intrahepatic cholestasis from an extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Out of the 41 icteric patients who were studied, a frequency of the presence of the LP-X was observed in 68.3% thus distributed: viral hepatitis 90,5% obstructive jaundice 85,7%, jaundice of uncertain etiology 37.6%; it was not present in 5 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and in the serum of 21 healthy volunteers. A significant association was found between the presence of LP-X and an abnormal curve of lipoproteins.
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PMID:[Frequency of lipoprotein-X (LP-X) in icteric patients. Comparison with some bioquimical data (author's transl)]. 74 47

This study was performed to comparatively assess the diagnostic accuracy of computerized tomography (CT) and nuclear liver-scanning in detecting and defining circumscript and diffuse liver diseases in 83 patients. Presence or absence of liver diseases was assessed based on the results of invasive diagnostic procedures such as biopsy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, and/or autopsy. The percentage of true negative diagnoses was 94% for CT and 91% for static gamma-imaging (n = 33). With a rate of 94% true positive diagnoses, CT proved to be superior to gamma imaging with radiocolloids (81% true positives) in diagnosing circumscript liver diseases (n = 31). In addition. CT was superior to nuclear imaging regarding discrimination of number and size of space-occupying lesions within the liver. In contrast to nuclear screening, CT scans were pathognomonic to some circumscript liver diseases such as cysts, metastases, and perhaps echinococciasis. This was also true for obstructive jaundice. Nuclear imaging, because it reflects a sort of liver function, was superior with cirrhosis, whereas CT showed only alterations in the size and shape of the liver and spleen.
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PMID:Computerized tomography and nuclear imaging of the liver: a comparative study in 83 cases. 75 Feb 3


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