Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum enzyme activities were studied in 131 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 76 cases of metastatic liver carcinomas (MLC) and 234 cases of hepatic cirrhosis. SGOT was elevated above SGPT in most of the time in these patients, SGOT/SGPT was greater in HCC compared with other groups, and that this ratio increased during the preterminal period more markedly in patients with HCC because of the significant increase of SGOT in the face of relatively stable SGPT. Preterminal rises of alkaline phosphatase and LDH activities were more pronounced in MLC. Leucine aminopeptidase activity exhibited no characteristic feature of diagnostic value. Of the five enzymes, SGOT changes were more closely correlated with the growth of HCC; SGPT reflected more of the liver parenchymal damage while SGOT was probably accounted for in part by tumor-derived GOT. Other clinical and pathological implications are discussed.
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PMID:Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase ratios in hepatocellular carcinoma. 19 7

Liver biopsies from 27 Bantu patients with primary carcinoma of the liver from Malawi were examined histologically. All the biopsies showed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Structurally the tumours consisted of trabeculae or groups of such, separated by a variable amount of connective tissue which in a few cases was so pronounced that the tumour had a scirrhous character. Evaluation of the grade of differentiation showed 3 cases to be of grade I, 10 of grade II, 5 of grade III, and 8 of grade IV. The grade could bary in tumour tissue from the same patient, but never extremely so. The histological structure did not differ significantly from that found in other African and Caucasian series. The reticulin structure of tumour tissue was found distinctly different from that of benign tissue and thus an important tool in the differential diagnosis between HCC grade I and normal or cirrhotic liver tissue. Out of 15 patients 12 had cirrhosis which was of the postnecrotic type.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the liver. A histological study of 27 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver from Malawi. 19 80

Necropsy and clinical data show that primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) is the commonest cancer among the Senoi (a Malaysian aboringine group). The other aboringine tribes do not appear to have this high predilection for liver cancer. In the necropsy series, PHS was present in 10 out of 22 Senoi patients with cirrhosis. All the 22 livers contained hepatocytes that stained with Shikata's orcein stain and specific immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent stains for hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). This observation raises the strong possibility that hepatitis B may be an important etiologic factor in the development of cirrhosis and PHC in the Senoi. The reason for the high susceptibility of the Senoi for HB virus infection is not clear, and the role of aflatoxin in the pathogenesis of PHC in the Senoi has yet to be determined. That the Senoi are a numerically small community, maintaining their own unique dietary and social customs and living in readily accessible areas in the Malaysian jungle, makes them an ideal population for the study of factors in the etiology of liver cancer.
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PMID:HBAg-positive chronic liver disease associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Senoi. 19

Two cases of minute hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) found in a liver infested with Clonorchis sinensis are described. One had mild infestation with hepatic changes suggestive of posthepatitic cirrhosis, and the other heavy infestation exhibiting secondary biliary cirrhosis with dilated intrahepatic bile ducts and periductal fibrosis. None had evidence of hepatitis B infection. The tumor nodule was solitary, measuring 5 X 7 mm and 10 X 11 mm, respectively, and the cells were differentiated to be classified as Grade I of Edmondson-Steiner's scale of anaplasia. It is not clear whether or not clonorchiasis was etiologically related to HCC, but it was of interest that in both cases the tumor nodule was very small representing the primary lesion without metastasis.
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PMID:A minute hepatocellular carcinoma found in a liver with clonorchis sinensis infection: report of two cases. 19 47

The morphologic type of cirrhosis that is followed most frequently by hepatocellular carcinoma is posthepatitic cirrhosis. Furthermore, HB AG is detected in a high rate among cases with hepatocellular carcinoma suggesting the intimate causal relationship between hepatitis b virus and hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been considered that hepatocellular carcinoma might develop during destruction and regeneration of fully developed liver cirrhosis. However, hepatocellular carcinoma is combined with not only liver cirrhosis but also with mild liver fibrosis. An attempt was made to determine HBs Ag in the liver tissue of liver fibrosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. HBs Ag was found in non-cancerous liver tissue of 40 percent of those cases. Therefore, it may be concluded that, at least some of those fibrosis is caused by chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma may develop not only on posthepatitic cirrhosis but also on chronic persistent hepatitis. This evidence also suggests the carcinogenicity of hepatitis B virus.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic persistent hepatitis. 20 57

The chief causes of liver disease in Ethiopia are reviewed, considering hospital data on admissions for hepatitis, cirrhosis, ascites and hepatoma. Liver diseases account for 11.4% of all medical admissions in 3 medical wards in Addis Ababa. The causes are viral hepatitis, post- hepatic and post necrotic and mixed cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Alcoholic cirrhosis is rare. Viral hepatitis with shivering, rigor and fever and elevated direct bilirubin levels are common in Ethiopians, especially in child-bearing women. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is often associated with hepatitis. The disease may be transmitted by several species of mosquitoes, placental transmission, or feces, urine, saliva or semen. Blood products are not screened for hepatitis B. Cirrhosis is common, and causes significant mortality, usually from esophageal varices and hepatic coma. Chronic active hepatitis patients may live for a time, especially if they are near a hospital and are treated with steroids. In Ethiopia presenting symptoms for hepatoma are anorexia, weight loss, persistent, burning, right upper quadrant pain, and a hard, nodular, tender RUQ mass. Over 5% of malignancies seen are primary hepatocellular carcinomas. 50% have HBsAG, compared to 3.8% of controls. 65% have alpha-fetoglobulins. It is suggested that some viral hepatitis cases progress to cirrhosis, of which some go on to hepatocellular carcinoma. Herbal medicines, aflatoxins and other toxins may also contribute to liver disease.
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PMID:Current views on liver diseases in Ethiopia. 20 62

In 9 years in Kenya, 34 examples of primary liver cancer wer diagnosed in patients in the first two decades of life. This represents 4.7% of all liver cancers during this period. The larger proportion (29) were hepatocellular carcinoma. In the second decade, there was a notable association with macronodular cirrhosis. Analogy with experimental work suggests that cells in mitotic cycle may be more vulnerable to the effect of environmental carcinogens. Five examples of hepatoblastoma were identified at ages from 2 months to 14 years; none showed the features of "mixed" tumours. The ratio of hepatoblastoma to hepatocellular carcinoma was the reverse of that found in other large series of juvenile hepatic tumours. The histopathological features of these tumours are described and problems of their classification are discussed.
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PMID:Primary cancer of the liver in Kenyan children. 20 98

A retrospective examination in South-west Scotland of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissue by an immunoperoxidase technique revealed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in eight out of 81 cases (10%) of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) and in four out of 82 cases (5%) of cirrhosis. No positive staining was found in 112 controls without overt liver disease matched for age and sex. Unlike most previous studies showing an association between HBsAg and PHC, the present investigation was carried out in an area where HBs antigenaemia is infrequent and PHC is an uncommon tumour. While possibly hepatitis infection is an important cause of PHC, the association between HBsAg and PHC could be due merely to activation by the tumour of latent virus B in a previously infected person.
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PMID:Incidence in South-west Scotland of hepatitis B surface antigen in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 20 8

A two-fold increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the west of Scotland is reported on the basis of a 25-year retrospective necropsy review (313 cases). This increase is not accompanied by a corresponding increase in the incidence of hepatic cirrhosis. The relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cirrhosis is discussed in the light of these findings.
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PMID:Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic cirrhosis in the west of Scotland: a 25-year necropsy review. 20 64

Consecutive liver biopsies in a large general hospital for Blacks over the period 1959 - 1960 were compared with those in the 2-year period 1975 - 1976. Changes were noted in the histological appearances of micronodular cirrhosis. With the liberalization of the liquor laws and the granting of access to hard liquor to Blacks, fatty change, alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic hyalin and alcoholic cirrhosis are making their appearance in the micronodular cirrhosis of the South African Blacks, features which were never observed when alcohol consumption was confined to homebrewed beverages containing large quantities of iron derived from the metallic containers in which liquor is brewed. No change in the histological picture or incidence of macronodular cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma was observed.
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PMID:The changing pattern of liver disease in South African Blacks. 20 77


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