Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Microsomal antibodies (LKM-antibodies) differ in the indirect immunfluorescence by use of rat organ sections (kidney, stomach, and liver) from mitochondrial antibodies by there reaction with proximal renal tubules and hepatocytes while parietal cells usually fail to stain. In contrast to other humoral autoantibodies LKM-antibodies are rare. In a prospective study on 930 adults and 33 children with two third chronic hepatitis resp. cirrhosis frequency in the first group amounts to 0.38% and in the latter to 6.9% of all liver diseases. Among six patients with LKW-antibodies and chronic active hepatitis there were three children aged 4-13 and three adults between 45-55 years. On common results two children showed beside LKM-antibodies by absence of other immunphenomenons a rise of gamma-globulins in the electrophoresis and immunglobulin G as well as a chronic active hepatitis with necrosis leading in spite of initial rapid progression and persistent antibodies into inactive postnecrotiv cirrhosis. The other four patients showed no common course in respect to clinical, histological and immunological findings.
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PMID:[Liver diseases with microsomal antibodies. Frequency, clinical and immunological findings and course observations (author's transl)]. 68 48

A new technique for estimating regional hepatic blood flow using the inert gas washout technique and scintillation camera following injection of 133Xe into the spleen is presented. This technique is easily, rapidly and repeatedly performed and permits the measurement of nutrient hepatic tissue blood flow. Measurement of regional hepatic blood flow in right and/or left lobes was performed in 28 patients. In all but one patient the right lobar flow value was equal to or greater than the left one. The right lobar flow was 86.20 +/- 12.83 ml/100 gm/min in 3 patients without liver disease, 75.12 +/- 14.54 ml/100 gm/min in 12 with chronic hepatitis and 51.24 +/- 17.13 ml/100 gm/min in 11 with liver cirrhosis. This result suggests that hepatic tissue blood flow is significantly decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. Scintillation camera images of initial xenon distribution in combination with monitor of washout curves over the liver also provide more informations on the presence of extra-and intrahepatic shunts. Therefore, this technique appears to be clinically useful in evaluation of hemodynamic phenomena associated with liver diseases.
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PMID:Measurement of regional hepatic blood flow by scintiphotosplenoportography. 69

Circulating complete and defective hepatitis B virus forms, as represented by full, DNA polymerase-positive and empty, DNA polymerase-negative Dane particles, respectively, were investigated in sera from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and related to the presence of e antigen and antibody and to the histological findings on liver biopsy. Complete hepatitis B virus particles were detected in the serum of all patients postive for e antigen, their percentage ranging from 15 to 61% of the total Dane particle population. Although most of these cases had chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis, complete viral particles were also found in serum of 3 healthy carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen who had e antigen. These results indicate that e antigen is a marker of active virus replication and support its association with infectivity. It is also associated with liver damage because production of complete virus is a feature of chronic hepatitis. In the presence of anti-e, detection of Dane particles in serum appeared to be related to the histological findings. Most of the healthy carriers had no Dane particles in serum, whereas 80% of the cases with chronic liver disease had circulating Dane particles. However, in contrast to the cases with e antigen, 98 to 100% of Dane particles in these cases appeared to be defective in nucleic acid material on electron microscopy after positive staining. All of the patients with chronic active hepatitis in this group had progressed to cirrhosis and it is possible that production of complete virus particles is reduced in the later stages of the illness.
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PMID:Full and empty Dane particles in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: relation to hepatitis B e antigen and presence of liver damage. 70 Mar 29

Two women (aged 72 and 78 years) developed hepatitis due to clometacine. The main laboratory abnormalities were raised transaminases and blood eosinophil count. In one of these cases, in which the initial histological lesions had the appearance of aggressive chronic hepatitis, there was progression to cirrhosis despite the interruption of treatment. The mechanism of this hepatotoxicity is probably a hypersensitivity reaction.
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PMID:[Clometacine hepatitis. 2 cases (author's transl)]. 72 56

329 patients with acute ouvert viral hepatitis which occurred in the Hannover area 1975 were classified according to virological data. The proportions of type A and type non A - non B hepatitis were each approximately 20 percent of the total cases (n = 60). Viral hepatitis B was the most frequent type of viral hepatitis (n = 209). 174 individuals of the 329 hepatitis patients were reexamined serologically two years after the onset of the acute disease. 7 out of 105 patients with hepatitis B (6,7%) and 5 out of 40 patients with hepatitis non A - non B (12,5%) revealed a serological pattern compatible with chronic hepatitis. In contrast none of 29 patients with hepatitis A indicated chronic liver disease. The frequency of anti-HAV was also determined in 41 patients with HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative histologically proven chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. All patients were under 35 years of age. An equal proportion of anti-HAV was found in both groups. These results suggest that hepatitis A practically never results in chronic hepatitis, while hepatitis non A - non B can run a chronic course with a frequency similar to that of hepatitis B.
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PMID:[Chronic hepatitis as sequela of acute viral hepatitis A and hepatitis non A - non B (author's transl)]. 74 46

ChE activity was studied in a series of 193 patients of different classes of chronic hepatitis. CAH and much more cirrhosis showed a mean value significantly lower than normal controls. In CAH, no difference was found between HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative cases. Alcoholic cirrhotics had serum cholinesterase levels more lowered than non alcoholic patients. Finally, the follow-up of serum cholinesterase levels could be useful in assessing the prognosis of cirrhotic patients.
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PMID:[Serum cholinesterase activity (CHE) in different classes of chronic liver diseases (author's transl)]. 74 15

To determine the clinical significance of serum bile acid measurements, changes in the serum bile acid composition in liver diseases and endogenous bile acid clearance due to test meal loads were investigated. In the case of changes in the serum bile acid composition, a characteristic pattern of a remarkable increase of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was found in fulminant hepatitis. In patients with acute hepatitis, increases in CDCA were somewhat greater than those of cholic acid (CA) and there was tendency for these changes to precede changes in other liver function tests. In cases of extrahepatic obstructive jaundice, the CA/CDCA ratio was a large value exceeding 1.0. In investigations of endogenous bile acid clearance, serum bile acid concentration two hours after the text meal load clearly reflected the hepatic disorder and it was useful in differentiating between active and inactive form in chronic hepatitis and compensation and decompensation in liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum bile acid measurement in liver diseases. 74 93

Evidence of chronic hepatitis was found on histological examination in nine out of 15 patients positive for hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) who had either chronic renal failure or a functioning renal transplant. Cirrhosis had already developed in three of the patients, who deteriorated rapidly and died. Liver biopsies from the remaining 12 patients showed the features of chronic aggressive hepatitis in two, chronic persistent hepatitis in four, and minor histological lesions in six. The persistence of HBsAg in patients with renal failure or in those receiving immunosuppressive drugs after a transplant must indicate some impairment of the normal immune response to hepatitis-B viral antigens. Nevertheless, cellular or humoral immunity to HBsAg was detected in all eight patients with chronic hepatitis tested compared with only one out of five with minimal liver lesions, which suggests that the severity of the liver damage may be directly related to the degree of immunocompetence.
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PMID:Immune response to HBsAg and the spectrum of liver lesions in HBsAg-positive patients with chronic renal disease. 77 35

Chronic hepatitis was diagnosed on liver biopsy of 76 patients; 52 (68%)had HBsAg. Of the 52 patients with HBsAg, 23% had HBsAg shown by immunofluorescence on the liver, while it could not be detected with radioimmunoassay on the serum; 77% had HBsAg detectable in liver and in serum, and none had HBsAg in serum only. HBsAg was detected more frequently in chronic aggressive hepatitis and active cirrhosis than in chronic persistent hepatitis and cirrhosis with little activity. No correlation was found in the different forms of chronic hepatitis between the HBsAg status on the one hand, and levels of transaminases, gammaglobulins, and auto-antibodies on the other. Acute hepatitis was diagnosed on liver biopsy of 24 patients; 50% had HBsAg. Liver tissue positivity was very low in the fully developed stage compared to serum positivity. In 146 patients with other liver ailments, both liver and serum were negative for HBsAg.
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PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the liver of patients with hepatitis; a comparison with serological detection. 77 38

One hundred liver biopsies from 100 hepatitis patients were examined by the indirect immunofluorescent technique for the detection of HBsAg. Of the 60 positive specimens 52 were diagnosed as various types of chronic hepatitis and 8 were acute hepatitis. Four main distribution patterns of HBsAg were obtained: full cytoplasmic fluorescence with diffuse lobular distribution; cytoplasmic fluorescence with spotty distribution; peripheral fluorescence in the cell membrane and/or cell peripheries; and focal cytoplasmic positivity. There was an inverse relationship between the number of positive hepatocytes and the extent of liver cell necrosis. The distribution patterns of HBsAg were distinctive in each type of chronic hepatitis and in acute hepatitis. Homogeneous full cytoplasmic fluorescence, distributed diffusely in the whole liver lobule, was observed in chronic persistent hepatitis and in cirrhosis with little activity whereas peripheral liver cell membrane and/or peripheral cytoplasmic fluorescence associated with cytoplasmic positivity in a smaller number of hepatocytes was a characteristic finding in chronic aggressive hepatitis, active cirrhosis, and acute hepatitis with possible transition to chronicity. Focal cytoplasmic fluorescence was observed in acute hepatitis and a group of biopsies in chronic hepatitis in which HBsAg was detected in the liver but no antigen was detectable in the serum. The results show that the different patterns of distribution of HBsAg in the liver biopsy are helpful for the histological diagnosis of different types of HBAg positive viral hepatitis and are consistent with the hypothesis of the role of specific immune response in the pathogenesis of type B viral hepatitis.
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PMID:Distribution patterns of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the liver of hepatitis patients. 77 39


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