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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

e-antigen and anti-e were assayed in sera of asymptomatic HBs-Ag carriers and of patients with liver diseases. Thirteen out of 34 (38.2%) asymptomatic carriers were positive for e-antigen, which was in sharp contrast to the reports from USA and Europe. e-antigen was detected to a greater extent in patients with chronic active hepatitis, reversely anti-e in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis. However, e-antigen was found rarely in patients with cirrhosis and never in 23 cases with hepatoma positive for HBs-Ag. HBc-Ag in the liver was detected in 4 out of 8 e-antigen positive asymptomatic carriers and in 4 out of 5 patients with chronic liver diseases with e-antigen respectively, and moreover in 3 out of 14 anti-e positive cases, so that the presence of anti-e did not necessarily mean the negativity of HBc-Ag in the liver. Anti-HBc titer, however, was lower in anti-e positive sera than in e-antigen positive ones. This may implicate the decreased replication of HBV in cases with anti-e. These results emphasize that the investigation of e-antigen/anti-e is mandatory for the evaluation of the prognosis of asymptomatic carriers and of patients with chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:Clinical significance of e-antigen/anti-e, with special reference to HBc-antigen in the liver. 60 68

The accepted histological categories of chronic hepatitis are chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and chronic active or aggressive hepatitis (CAH). A third form, chronic lobular hepatitis (CLH), encompasses those cases in which the lesion is predominantly within the lobules and in which portal and periportal inflammation are mild. CLH has many synonyms. International agreement on a reproducible and rational nomenclature of chronic hepatitis is still far from complete. CPH is characterized by portal inflammation. Histological definition is simple, but there are diagnostic pitfalls. The category may need subdivision on the basis of immunological studies. CAH should be regarded as a complex rather than a single disease, and it is important to specify the aetiology and pathological components in each instance. The concept of CAH must be altered to incorporate the lesion of bridging hepatic necrosis (BHN). Piecemeal necrosis, accompanied by inflammatory infiltration, is considered to be the most important of the various pathogenetic factors in CAH, but BHN probably plays a significant part in accelerating the development of cirrhosis. An excessive portal and periportal inflammatory reaction with or without BHN, in a liver biopsy taken during the course of an acute hepatitis, helps to predict a possible chronic course.
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PMID:Chronic hepatitis: a problem for the pathologist. 61 33

In order to evaluate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the etiology of chronic liver diseases, paired sera of 143 patients with biopsy-documented chronic hepatitis were tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs by radioimmunoassay method. HBsAg was detected in 67.3% of patients with a preceding verified eipsode of acute hepatitis, and in 26.7% of patients with a cryptogenic form of chronic hepatitis. HBsAg was not found in any of patients with alcoholic chronic hepatitis and in only two of 18 patients with other forms of chronic liver disease. No significant difference in the incidence of anti-HBs was observed in all groups of patients. According to previous studies our results confirm the higher prevalence of HBV infection in etiology of chronic persistent and aggressive hepatitis and indicate that this prevalence may be observed especially in Middle and South Italy. The presence of HBsAg in the serum of 37.2% of our patients with cirrhosis compared with 9% of reported cases in North Italy suggest that HBV plays an important role in the etiology of cirrhosis of the liver in our area.
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PMID:[Epidemiologic study of chronic hepatitis in relation to heptatis B virus infections (author's transl)]. 61 63

In examinations of 72 patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis the transaminase activity of the urine (T-uria) was found in 55.6% of the cases, above all in liver cirrhosis. The T-uria increases parallel to the progressing portal hypertension to the hepatocellular insufficiency and to the hepatorenal syndrome. It is reduced in positive dynamics of the hepatic process. The T-uria has an essential prognostic value. In the terminal phase of the liver cirrhosis the T-uria is perhaps connected with disturbances of the hepatic haemodynamics.
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PMID:[Urinary transaminase in the diagnosis of kidney disorders in liver cirrhosis]. 63 78

The authors carried out clincial and immunomorphologic studies on 15 patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis with unknown etiology. The presence of specific sensibilization of lymphocytes of the patients to liver tissue was examined by blast-transformation test. For this purpose they compared immunomorphologic response to lymphocytes in culture from peripheral blood to liver and renal antigen, using parallel procedure with FHA and cultures, growing spontaneously. Ten clinically healthy and 12 persons with renal polycystosis were examined as controls. The results showed an increased immune response to lymphocytes of the patient with liver cirrhosis to liver antigen as well as to culture, developing spontaneously, which suggested that autoimmune reaction with specific tendency to antigens of liver developed in these persons.
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PMID:[Immunomorphological studies of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis]. 63 49

This memorandum provides guidelines on the definition, nomenclature, and classification of cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and hepatic fibrosis. These are considered according to morphological characteristics and aetiology. It is hoped that this system will serve as a standard for diagnostic, research, and epidemiological purposes. The relationship of cirrhosis to liver cell carcinoma is briefly discussed and the possible morphological markers of an increased risk of malignancy are defined.
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PMID:The morphology of cirrhosis. Recommendations on definition, nomenclature, and classification by a working group sponsored by the World Health Organization. 64 65

The total activity and activity of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase was examined in blood plasma of 56 patients with chronic liver diseases (chronic hepatitis in 27, liver cirrhosis in 23, secondary neoplastic effection of the liver in 6). All the patients with biochemically active forms of liver disease manifested increased the total as well as cytoplasmic enzyme activity, as compared with control group, 57% of the patients manifested simultaneously also increased activity of the mitochondrial isoenzyme. In 13% of the patients with stabilised forms of liver diseases manifested isolated increase of the mitochondrial isoenzyme activity. This might be of importance for the evaluation of the course of the disease. In patients with tumorous metastases in the liver a strikingly high share and activity of mitochondrial isoenzyme was shown.
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PMID:Isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase in chronic liver diseases. 65 44

Trace amounts of volatile sulfur compounds were determined in the expired alveolar gas by gas chromatography. Among these sulfur containing substances, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide were quantitatively analyzed in 116 subjects; 53 normal, 13 acute hepatitis, 11 chronic hepatitis, 20 hepatic cirrhosis, and 19 stomach ulcer and/or biopsy of gastric mucosa. Fasting level of dimethyl sulfide in cirrhotics was 4.05 +/- 1.06 ng/dl, significantly elevated by comparison with normal controls (1.54 +/- 0.09 ng/dl) (P less than 0.05). In contrast, methyl mercaptan did not show a statistically significant rise in this study. The implications of the significant increase in dimethyl sulfide concentration in liver cirrhosis are discussed.
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PMID:Evaluation of volatile sulfur compounds in the expired alveolar gas in patients with liver cirrhosis. 65 23

Following administration of 150 muCi of colloidal 198Au numerical scintigrams of the liver and the spleen were obtained in about 200 patients with various forms of chronic hepatitis or with liver cirrhosis as well as in 24 control persons. The data so obtained were electronically processed and the relative activities of the liver, the spleen and both liver lobes compared. Differences of diagnostic value were observed between the various stages of chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:[Electronic data processing of liver scintigrams in chronic hepatitis (author's transl)]. 66 1

A group of patients with only moderately active chronic hepatitis has been studied. The follow-up was long (mean 87 months). All patients except one were treated with prednisone and/or azathioprine. Of the hepatitis B virus positive patients two-thirds developed cirrhosis between the second and fifth year of evolution, while in the hepatitis B negative group this occurred in less than one-third. The transition to cirrhosis was clinically silent. The patients were all allowed to do their normal work except in the terminal stages of cirrhosis. Five patients died of causes related to the disease: three patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, one with gallbladder carcinoma, and one from bleeding varices. The high incidence of tumour, especially liver-cell carcinoma, may be due to a cumulative effect of the presence of hepatitis B virus, cirrhotic transformation, and immuno-suppression. The other patients are currently in apparently good health.
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PMID:Long-term follow-up of chronic active hepatitis of moderate severity. 68 May 85


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