Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Monoclonal antibodies were used in one step sandwich enzyme immunoassay (one step sandwich EIA) for human serum immunoreactive type IV collagen. The one step sandwich EIA using either polystyrene ball or microplate was characterized by carrying out two immunoreactions simultaneously, type IV collagen reacting with both a monoclonal antibody as a solid phase and a horseradish peroxidase-labeled monoclonal antibody (Fab') against human type IV collagen as a conjugate. Sensitivity of one step sandwich EIA system by using either polystyrene ball or microplate was 0.22 ng per tube or 0.04 ng per well for type IV collagen, and linearity was obtained between 0.22-40 ng/tube or 0.04-20 ng per well, respectively. Both methods gave reproducible quantitative analysis of immunoreactive type IV collagen levels in the sera of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and patients with liver cirrhosis, which were apparently higher than the levels in the sera of healthy subjects. Protein immunoblotting shows that the immunoreactive type IV collagen trapped in our present one step sandwich EIA system was not the 7-S and NC1 domains of type IV collagen.
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PMID:One step sandwich enzyme immunoassay for human type IV collagen using monoclonal antibodies. 254 37

The clinical usefulness of DU-PAN-2 as a tumor marker was investigated. DU-PAN-2 antigen was detected by enzyme immunoassay based on sandwiching the antigen between monoclonal antibodies to DU-PAN-2. The EIA kit was supplied from Kyowa Medex Co. The mean DU-PAN-2 concentration in sera from 53 healthy donors was 51.8 U/ml and the mean plus 2 S.D. value was 156.2 U/ml. A level of 160 U/ml was used as the cut-off value. Serum DU-PAN-2 was positive in 7.5% of healthy donors, 16.9% of 83 patients with benign disease and 37.7% of 159 cancer patients. Of the cancer patients, those with pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer and primary liver cell cancer had a high positive frequency of more than 70%. On the other hand, of patients with benign diseases, a high positive incidence of 40% or 50% was observed in patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. From this result, DU-PAN-2 appeared to be useful as a tumor for pancreatic cancer and bile duct cancer. Determination of the molecular weight of DU-PAN-2 in serum from a pancreatic cancer patient by Sepharose 4B gel filtration demonstrated the existence as a high-molecular-weight protein between about M.W. 500-10,000 K Da.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of serum DU-PAN-2 surveyed by solid-phase sandwich EIA for DU-PAN-2]. 329 60

In order to evaluate the usefulness of serum DU-PAN-2, we determined this antigen in 384 patients with various malignancies and in 215 patients with benign diseases using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay system (Kyowa Medex Co.). Elevated DU-PAN-2 levels (greater than 400 U/ml) were observed in 55% of hepatocellular cancers, 50% of pancreatic cancers, and 43% of biliary tract cancers. On the other hand, most false-positive cases with benign diseases were observed in patients with liver injury, especially in the acute phase of acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. However, in only a few cases with other benign diseases including pancreatitis, increased levels were found. Moreover, among the pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer patients studied, DU-PAN-2 was positive in 7 of the 19 CA 19-9-negative (less than 37 U/ml) patients and 32 of the 68 CEA-negative (less than 5 ng/ml) patients. These results indicate that the assay of DU-PAN-2 by EIA may have diagnostic usefulness in digestive cancer, especially pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer.
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PMID:[Determination of serum DU-PAN-2 by enzyme immunoassay in patients with various digestive cancers]. 354 91

An anti-C3 enzyme immunoassay (anti-C3 EIA) was used to identify the antigen and antibody of immune complexes (IC). HBsAg, liver cell membrane antigens (LSP and LP-2), IgA, IgG and IgM were determined in IC of 258 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 31 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH). IC that contained an antibody of either IgG, IgM or IgA class were detected in all types of CAH and CPH investigated. IC were seen more frequently in patients with cirrhosis than in CAH patients without cirrhosis and patients with CPH. LSP and LP-2 in IC were detected in 50% of patients with CAH and, infrequently, in CPH patients. In a group of 56 patients with CAH, followed for two to nine years, those patients treated with steroids showed a tendency to clear IC, whereas no variation was seen in untreated patients. While the presence of IC seems to indicate a decreased clearance of IC, a damaging activity of IC on the liver or the immune system remains to be demonstrated.
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PMID:Circulating complement fixing immune complexes in chronic hepatitis. Use of anti-C3 enzyme immunoassay to define antibody class and nature of antigen. 619 40

Purified monoclonal antibodies (Mab) produced by 3 hybridomas and reacting with 3 different epitopes of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were used in a solid phase enzyme immunoassay. Two Mabs were physically adsorbed to polystyrene balls and the third Mab was coupled to alkaline phosphatase using the bifunctional reagent N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate. During a first incubation, CEA from heat-extracted serum samples was immunoadsorbed to the antibody coated balls. After washing of the balls, bound CEA was detected by a second incubation with the enzyme coupled Mab. The sensitivity of the assay was 0.6 ng per ml of serum. A total of 196 serum samples from patients with various types of carcinoma, with liver cirrhosis, or from healthy blood donors with or without smoking habits, were tested. The results obtained with the monoclonal enzyme immunoassay (M-EIA) were compared with those obtained with perchloric acid extracts of the same serum samples tested by an inhibition radioimmunoassay using conventional goat anti-CEA antiserum. There was an excellent correlation between the two assays. In particular, the new M-EIA gave good results for the detection of tumor recurrences in the follow-up of colon carcinoma patients. However, despite the use of exclusively monoclonal antibodies the new assay detected a similar percentage of slightly elevated CEA values as the conventional assay in patients with non-malignant disease, suggesting that the CEA associated with non-malignant diseases is immunologically identical to the CEA released by colon carcinoma.
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PMID:Sandwich enzyme immunoassay using three monoclonal antibodies against different epitopes of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). 675 73

An ELISA using N14E plus #19-#40, a synthetic peptide of the HCV core for the purpose of improving diagnosis of the HCV infection was studied to evaluate its usefulness in comparison with the tests of C100-3 antibody, N14 antibody and HCV EIA II. N14E plus #19-#40 is made up of 34 amino acids, containing the first two hydrophilic regions of HCV core forming epitopes. By using N14E plus #19-#40 antibody, HCV-antibody was detected in 94.4% of chronic hepatitis, 80.6% of liver cirrhosis and 87.5% of hepatocellular carcinoma of non-A non-B chronic liver diseases. This assay seems to be more sensitive than the assays of C100-3 antibody and N14 as far as tested for our patients in this district. In chronic liver diseases, 5.6% (5/90) of patients negative for HCV EIA II were positive to anti-N14E plus #19-#40; one of these 5 patients was HCV RNA positive. Anti-N14E plus #19-#40 was detected in 57.5% out of 40 paid blood donors with elevated ALT higher than 50IU and negative for HBsAg, C100-3 and N14, but positive for HCV RNA. The results suggest that anti-N14E plus #19-#40 as well as HCV EIA II seems to be useful for the detection of patients with the HCV infection and that an improvement for the diagnosis of type C hepatitis and a decrease in the incidence of type C post-transfusion hepatitis can be achieved by using anti-N14E plus #19-#40.
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PMID:[Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against core protein of hepatitis C virus with a synthetic oligopeptide]. 768 27

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of transfusion-induced chronic liver disease in hemophiliacs, with 70% to 90% being anti-HCV positive. Seroreversion or loss of antibody response to HCV has been observed in a small proportion of human immunodeficiency virus-positive [HIV(+)] anti-HCV(+) hemophilic men. Despite the seroreversion to an anti-HCV-negative state, such patients continue to show serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations and biopsy evidence of cirrhosis and/or chronic active hepatitis. To determine the cause for the loss of anti-HCV antibody, we compared first- and second-generation anti-HCV enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA 1.0 and 2.0), second-generation recombinant immunoblot (RIBA 2.0), and HCV-RNA amplification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 19 "seroreverters" before and after seroreversion. There was no difference between 19 seroreverters and 59 persistently anti-HCV-positive hemophiliacs in mean ALT (1.1 +/- 0.1 XUL v 2.0 +/- 0.2 XUL; chi 2 = 1.80, P > .05), in mean CD4 (188 +/- 36/microL v 232 +/- 28/microL; t = 0.965, P > .05), or in the rate of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (13 of 19 [68.4%] v 30 of 59 [50.9%]; chi 2 = .987, P > .05, respectively). Before seroreversion, all 19 seroreverters (100%) were positive for EIA 1.0 and 2.0 and PCR, and all but 2 of 19 (89.5%) were RIBA 2.0 positive, whereas, after seroreversion, none were positive for EIA 1.0, 15 of 19 (78.9%) were positive for EIA 2.0, 8 of 18 (44.4%) were positive for RIBA 2.0, and 18 of 19 (94.7%) were positive for PCR. There was a lower CD4 lymphocyte number after seroreversion in those who were RIBA 2.0 negative as compared with those who were RIBA 2.0 positive (32 +/- 10/microL v 171 +/- 52/microL; t = 2.638, P > .05). These results indicate that HIV(+) anti-HCV(+) hemophilic men who undergo "HCV seroreversion" are truly infectious and anti-HCV positive by second-generation tests. Anti-HCV detection in immunosuppressed hosts is significantly improved by second-generation EIA and RIBA assays.
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PMID:The presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody in human immunodeficiency virus-positive hemophilic men undergoing HCV "seroreversion". 768 87

The authors investigated the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) related to liver diseases in Korea. Anti-HCV was studied by EIA in sera from patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD), individuals at high risk, healthy individuals, and family members of patients with CLD. We also evaluated the efficacy of a new anti-HCV assay kit, HCD EIA, consisting of 3 recombinant peptides derived from CORE, NS3 and NS5 regions of the HCV genome, for screening HCV infection. The prevalence of anti-HCV in HCD EIA was 15.4% of 1055 cases studied, while that in the anti-C100-3 EIA was 11.1%. The incidence of anti-HCV in HCD EIA was 5.9% of 17 cases with acute hepatitis, 18.1% of 293 cases with chronic hepatitis, 24.1% of 79 cases with liver cirrhosis, 28.0% of 100 cases with hepatocellular carcinoma, 19.8% of 81 cases maintained with hemodialysis, 31.3% of 16 cases with blood dyscrasias, 4.4% of 114 cases with fatty liver, 1% of 100 healthy persons, 1.3% of 150 blood donors, and 6.2% of 97 family members from 26 patients with type C CLD. Familial HCV clustering was detected in 3 (11.5%) of 26 patients with anti-HCV(+) CLD. The prevalence of anti-HCV in 190 HBsAg positive CLD was 8.4%. The relative proportions of positive anti-HCV, HBsAg, both positive 17.4%, 40.7%, and 3.7%, respectively, while 38.2% of the cases were negative for both anti-HCV and HBsAg. The prevalence of anti-HCV among CLD increased significantly in relation to age (p < 0.05), and it became higher than that of HBsAg after age 60.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prevalence of hepatitis C virus related to liver diseases in Korea. 768 3

Recently, the CA 19-9-MP-Mitsui kit (MP-kit) by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay using two mouse monoclonal antibodies of C192 and C241 for the determination of CA 19-9 was developed by Mitsui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. We carried out basic and clinical studies of MP-kit for the serum CA 19-9 in comparison with the Immunoclone CA 19-9 EIA kit (I-kit) which was provided by Fuji-Rebio Company. It was found that MP-kit appeared to have excellent reproducibility with high sensitivity and specificity for CA 19-9. Furthermore, the coefficient of positive correlation was as high as 0.92 in serum CA 19-9 level between MP-kit and I-kit in the determination of serum CA 19-9 in 67 cases by each of two kits. On the other hand, with two kits, it was found that employment of a cut off value more than 70 U/ml brought a highest diagnostic efficiency for pancreatic and bile duct cancers, while employment of a cut off value of 37 U/ml which was used routinely resulted in a high false positive incidence, particularly in liver cirrhosis or hepatitis. From the results, it is concluded that a pertinent cut off value of CA 19-9 in serum was about 70 U/ml and MP-kit was available for determination of CA 19-9 in serum such as the other known kits on the market for CA 19-9.
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PMID:[A basic and clinical study of CA 19-9-MP-Mitsui kit for determination of CA 19-9]. 799 14

The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was determined in 105 patients with biopsy-proven chronic liver disease and 128 comparison patients without any evidence of liver pathology living in Lima, Peru. Using a second-generation EIA screening and supplemental immunoblot assay, anti-HCV was detected in four of 13 patients with chronic hepatitis, in 11% of 85 patients with cirrhosis, and in none of seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Only two (1.6%) comparison patients without liver disease had anti-HCV. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in 23% of patients with chronic hepatitis, 12% of patients with cirrhosis, and three of seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. There was no evidence of chronic viral hepatitis or alcohol abuse (reported by one-third of subjects) in 48% of chronic liver disease patients. These preliminary data suggest that among this South American population neither hepatitis B nor hepatitis C infection is the predominate cause of chronic liver disease and that other infectious or environmental factors may be important.
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PMID:Chronic liver disease in Peru: role of viral hepatitis. 815 7


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