Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Morphological survey was performed in 140 liver specimens of hepatolithiasis which were collected from several pathological and surgical Departments in Japan. Among them there were 19 cases with unusual features suggestive of presumed lithogenic processes. They consisted of association of congenital dilatation of biliary tree (5 cases), association of stenosis or obstruction of biliary tree occurring prior to lithiasis (4 cases), association of anomalous communication between biliary tree (1 case), presence of serous glands simulating to pancreatic exocrine glands in biliary tree (1 case), association of non-biliary hepatic cirrhosis (4 cases), association of chronic ulcerative colitis (1 case), intrahepatic cholesterol stone (2 cases) and association of granulomatous cholangitis (1 case). Chronic proliferative cholangitis which is consistently seen in a common type of hepatolithiasis was found in about a half of these unusual cases and not in the remaining cases. Based on the observations of these unusual cases, the following suggestions were obtained: dilatation, bile stasis or cholangitis may be a lithogenic factor of hepatolithiasis, and chronic proliferative cholangitis associated with a numerous amount of mucinous glands is not always a prerequisite lesion and exerts a promoting and accelerating effect in hepatolithiasis.
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PMID:[Pathological study of hepatolithiasis with special reference to unusual cases]. 650 72

Six patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis are described. It is an uncommon disease of uncertain aetiology following an unpredictable course but often progresses to secondary biliary cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and premature death from liver failure. Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography is the investigation of choice. Liver biopsy may support the diagnosis but is not pathognomonic. There is no effective treatment but symptoms may be controlled.
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PMID:Primary sclerosing cholangitis. 658 29

Eighteen cases of adult listeriosis (nine with meningitis, one brain abscess and eight bacteraemia) were diagnosed in the Chaim Sheba Medical Center in the years 1964-1982. The infection seemed to be opportunistic in all. Eleven patients had malignant disease, two had cirrhosis of the liver, one had ulcerative colitis, one had bronchial asthma with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, one had pemphigus, one had diabetes mellitus and one had a renal transplantation. Twelve patients (66%) received radiation therapy and/or cytotoxic and steroid medication. Diabetes mellitus as an additional underlying disease was strikingly frequent and was found in eight out of 18 patients (44%), in one as the only underlying disease. In the meningitis group cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures were positive in five patients, and negative in four who had, however, positive blood cultures. The cells in the CSF were predominantly lymphocytes in five and polymorphs in four. It may be concluded that diabetes mellitus is an important underlying disease in listeriosis. The results also reinforce the fact that lymphocytosis in the CSF does not exclude bacterial meningitis.
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PMID:Adult listeriosis--a review of 18 cases. 672 49

Endotoxins are constituents of the capsules of intestinal gram-negative Flora. Under pathological conditions with limited clarification function of the liver RES (alcoholic hepatitis, severe virus hepatitis, cholestasis, cirrhosis of the liver) they do reach the systemic circulation. If the colon is primarily diseased (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) or secondarily damaged (edema of the colonic wall in acute pancreatitis) they pass through the wall into the peritoneal cavity and from there into the systemic circulation (endotoxemia). Attention to the endotoxemias can explain a number of systemic complications which often determine the clinical course of the diseases named. A basis is also created for seeking an effective form of therapy.
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PMID:[Endotoxins and the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases (author's transl)]. 678 50

Serum cryoglobulins were detected in the majority of patients with liver disease, and in all patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Their incidence in acute hepatitis was similar to that in chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis. All patients had serum cryoglobulins in the range of 5-76 micrograms/ml, except for a subgroup of patients with acute non-B hepatitis, who had much higher levels. The predominant immunoglobulin in the cryoprecipitates was IgMK. The significance of these results is discussed and possible mechanisms for the high prevalence of cryoglobulins in liver and inflammatory bowel diseases are suggested.
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PMID:Cryoglobulins in patients with acute hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease. 715 58

A 13-year-old girl with chronic aggressive hepatitis, postnecrotic cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis, and a coagulation defect acquired an antibody that specifically interfered with fibrin formation. We sought to characterize the antibody and determine the mechanism of its inhibitory activity. The patient's purified fibrinogen was functionally normal; however, the antibody inhibited the self-assembly of fibrin and prolonged the clotting times of the patient's plasma. This antibody, which belonged to the IgG class of immunoglobulins, acted early in the polymerization process to inhibit the association of fibrin monomers, as indicated by a prolonged lag time and a decreased slope in the polymerization curves. It did not inhibit fibrinopeptide cleavage or fibrin cross-linking. Affinity chromatography indicated that the antibody bound strongly to both fibrinogen and fibrin monomer.
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PMID:A naturally occurring antibody that inhibits fibrin polymerization. 720 22

We have seen 13 patients with sclerosing cholangitis diagnosed mainly by ERCP. An elevated alkaline phosphatase is frequently the first manifestation. ERCP is adequate for diagnosis, and an operation is usually not necessary. Radiologic findings include diffuse and irregular areas of stenosis, dilation, beading, and extensive involvement of both the extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary radicles. There was an association with long-standing ulcerative colitis, but no relationship with activity of this disease or its complications. Liver biopsy in 10 of 11 patients demonstrated very little progression of disease, and evidence of secondary biliary cirrhosis was found in only one case. Corticosteroid therapy was used in 10 patients without clinical evidence that this altered their course. Prognosis appears to be reasonably good and unrelated to the course of ulcerative colitis.
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PMID:Sclerosing cholangitis: its increasing frequency of recognition and association with inflammatory bowel disease. 728 19

Histologic, ultrastructural, chemical, and statistical methods were used to study liver biopsy and autopsy specimens from 43 patients who had primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), with or without chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC), and from 19 patients who had CUC without PSC. In all study groups, essentially the same abnormalities were found in the hepatic parenchyma outside the major bile ducts, although nondiagnostic tissue samples were observed also. Specimens from patients with extrahepatic PSC were indistinguishable from those patients with combined extra- and intrahepatic PSC. Common findings included periductal fibrosis and inflammation, portal edema and fibrosis, focal proliferation of bile ducts and ductules, focal bile duct obliteration and loss of bile ducts, copper deposition, and cholestasis. Proliferation of bile ducts in some portal tracts and obliteration or absence of bile duct in others were the most characteristic changes. In most specimens, inflammatory changes appeared mild, yet biliary cirrhosis had developed in 34% of the patients. Specimens from patients with PSC, with or without CUC, more often contained bile and strikingly increased stainable copper (Grades 2 and 3) than did specimens from patients with CUC without PSC. Hepatic copper contents, measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, also were higher in specimens from patients with PSC. Study of PCS specimens by transmission electron microscopy and by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis revealed that most copper was sequestered in lipolysosomes. The recognition of strikingly similar morphologic features in many liver specimens from patients with either PSC or CUC or both suggests that the causes of these conditions are closely related.
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PMID:Morphologic features of chronic hepatitis associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and chronic ulcerative colitis. 730 96

The records of 202 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis seen over a 12 year period were reviewed. Over one half (55 percent) were found to have liver function test abnormalities. These abnormalities correlated with the extent and severity of ulcerative colitis but not with the duration of the disease. Eight patients (4 percent) developed cirrhosis and four required portasystemic decompression for bleeding varices. Four patients (2 percent) developed biliary tract complications. Two patients were diagnosed as having sclerosing cholangitis, and two patients developed carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary tree. Three of these four patients had whole colon involvement, but all four had mild clinical disease. It is concluded that the hepatobiliary complications of ulcerative colitis are the most frequent and serious extracolonic manifestations of the disease.
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PMID:Hepatobiliary complications of ulcerative colitis. 735 Aug 34

Experience using microaggregated human serum albumin for a Kupffer cell phagocytic capacity "stress test" in patients with liver and inflammatory bowel diseases is described. Each result has been related to a 1-hr BSP clearance in order to account for variations in liver blood flow. Kupffer cell clearances are reduced in proportion to BSP clearance in obstructive jaundice and in secondary biliary cirrhosis but are increased in patients with chronic hepatocellular inflmmation. Conversely Kupffer cell phagocytosis is often depressed in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. In Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis RES function is normal unless patients are receiving corticosteroid suppression.
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PMID:Kupffer cell phagocytosis in relation to BSP clearance in liver and inflammatory bowel diseases. 737 74


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