Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A pleural effusion containing chylomicrons is termed chylothorax and results from leakage of lymph fluid into the pleural cavity. We report on the case of a 59-year-old woman with severe dyspnea due to a large chylothorax. She was known to have liver cirrhosis but no ascites. There was no history of trauma, cardiac function was normal and thorough diagnostic work-up did not reveal any signs of malignancy. In summary, no other etiology of the chylothorax than portal hypertension could be found. Therapy with diuretics as well as parenteral feeding failed to relieve symptoms. After a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) had successfully been placed, pleural effusion decreased considerably. Eight months later, TIPS revision had to be performed because of stenosis, resulting in remission from chylothorax. This case shows that even in the absence of ascites, chylothorax might be caused by portal hypertension and that TIPS can be an effective treatment option.
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PMID:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in refractory chylothorax due to liver cirrhosis. 2346 63

Chylothorax is an unusual type of pleural effusion which results from the accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity. High triglyceride content and presence of chylomicrons in the chyle give this fluid a characteristic milky appearance. Chylothorax most commonly results from the obstruction of the thoracic duct by a malignant lesion or from its traumatic disruption. Liver cirrhosis is an uncommon and frequently underappreciated cause of chylothorax. Pleural effusion in chylothorax is typically described as a lymphocytic predominant, exudative type and it is exceedingly rare to encounter a transudative type of chylothorax. To date, very few cases of transudative chylothoraces have been described in the literature, most commonly in association with liver cirrhosis. Only a limited range of other clinical settings have been linked to transudative chylothorax and timely recognition of these associations can prevent unnecessary, expensive and sometimes invasive workup in this patient population.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax in a patient with liver cirrhosis: A rare association. 2594 Oct 72

Cirrhosis-related chylothorax and chylous ascites are rare conditions. The pathophysiologic mechanism of cirrhosis-related chylous fluid collections is believed to be excessive lymph flow resulting from portal hypertension. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation is a well-established method for reducing portal hypertension. The case of a 61-year-old man with cirrhosis-related chylothorax treated successfully with a TIPS is described. A systematic review of the literature revealed nine additional cases of chylothorax or chylous ascites treated successfully with a TIPS. These cases showed that TIPS creation may be effective and safe for the treatment of chylous fluid collections in patients with cirrhosis.
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PMID:Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for the Treatment of Chylothorax and Chylous Ascites in Cirrhosis: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. 2672 22

Transudative chylothorax is a rare type of pleural effusion. It has been described to be present in the setting of liver cirrhosis, heart failure, amyloidosis, nephrotic syndrome, superior vena cava thrombosis, sclerosing mesenteritis and heart failure. We present the case of an 86-year-old woman with a right-side transudative chylothorax associated with heart failure and lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax in a patient with lymphangioleiomyomatosis. 2906 82

Chylothorax is defined as presence of chyle in the pleural space. It is commonly associated with cardiothoracic surgery, trauma, malignancy or some benign disorders. Transudative chylothorax is uncommon. A 52-year-old man presented with bilateral chylothorax with preceding history of blunt trauma to the chest. On further evaluation, he was diagnosed to have a transudative chylothorax due to cirrhosis of liver with coexisting chylous ascites and evidence of peritoneopleural communication. The patient was managed with diuretics followed by chemical pleurodesis with iodopovidone.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax: an uncommon illness due to a common cause. 2943 22

We present the case of a 53-year-old man with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis who was referred for right pleural effusion. After investigation, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with cirrhotic chylothorax. Chylothorax is a rare manifestation of cirrhosis, which results from the trans-diaphragmatic passage of chylous ascites. While chylothorax generally results in an exudative pleural effusion, cirrhotic chylothorax is always a transudative effusion. Biochemical characteristics are useful for diagnosis, avoiding potentially harmful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax associated with alcoholic cirrhosis. 3094 56

A patient with long-standing cirrhosis due to hepatitis C and hepatic hydrothorax was evaluated for increasing symptoms and presence of a large right pleural effusion. Thoracentesis revealed evidence of a chylothorax with rapid reaccumulation of pleural fluid. Repeat thoracentesis with manometry identified presence of entrapped lung which complicated treatment options. This is the first case report of a hepatic chylothorax with features of entrapped lung.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax from cirrhosis complicated by lung entrapment. 3189 May 54

We present a case of right sided chylothorax in the setting of cirrhosis believed to be secondary to extensive venous thromboembolism of the left upper extremity and exacerbated by chylous ascites. Our patient responded to conservative management with anticoagulation and a repeat thoracentesis revealed transformation of the fluid back to straw coloured transudate. We also include a brief discussion of the diagnosis and management of chylothorax.
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PMID:Chylothorax as a complication of extensive spontaneous left arm DVT. 3189 25

Chylothorax is an infrequent type of pleural effusion, typically exudative, caused by obstruction or laceration of the thoracic duct by malignancy, trauma, or thoracic surgery. Transudative chylous pleural effusions are extremely rare. We report a case of a 63-year-old male with recurrent transudative chylothorax secondary to cirrhosis that completely resolved with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS). Transudative chylous pleural effusion is an extremely rare entity with only a few cases reported in the literature to date. Transudative chylothorax can occur in patients with liver cirrhosis. Recognizing this association will prevent unnecessary testing and procedures. Timely diagnosis and early initiation of treatment are pivotal in preventing complications from malnutrition and infection by preventing loss of electrolytes, immunoglobulins, and T-lymphocytes.
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PMID:Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) in Refractory Transudative Chylothorax due to Liver Cirrhosis. 3208 2

Chylothorax is a rare pathology with potentially severe consequences. Transudative chylothorax remain an extremely rare entity. Cirrhosis is often an underappreciated cause. We report a case of transudative chylothorax in 62-year-old woman with cirrhosis due to hepatitis C.
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PMID:Transudative chylothorax in liver cirrhosis; an underappreciated entity. 3271 24


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