Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Levels of serum triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3), and thyroxine (T4) were determined in 29 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, seven patients with acute hepatitis, and 14 control patients hospitalized for chronic disease. Serum T3 levels were decreased significantly and serum rT3 levels increased significantly in the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Serum T3 and T4 levels were lower and rT3 levels higher in the cirrhotic patients who died within three months of the study compared with those who survived. A combination of prothrombin time, aminopyrine breath test results, and rT3 and T3 determinations gave significant predictive information about survival in patients with cirrhosis. The data suggest that assay of serum thyroid hormone levels together with prothrombin time and the aminopyrine breath test may be helpful in assessing the course and prognosis of patients with liver disease.
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PMID:Serum thyroid hormone levels in patients with liver disease. 48 43

The following tests were performed in 15 cases of chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), 12 of cirrhosis, and 8 of other forms of chronic disease: liver function, thromboelastogram, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), determination of factors I, II, V, X and XIII, euglobulin and FDP lysis, and platelet count, shape and agglutinability. At least one haemostasis alteration was observed in nearly every case, the most common being in the thromboelastogram, PTT, prothrombin, and platelet shape and agglutinability. Defects were most marked in cirrhosis and comparison with CAH was significant in the case of PT and factor V. Fibrinolysis was increased in 60% of the CAH group and rarely elsewhere. Haemorrhage was noted in 7 cases of cirrhosis and 1 of CAH. On each occasion, it was more dependent on the serious nature of the disease, rather than defective haemostasis.
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PMID:[Hemostatic changes in the course of different chronic hepatopathies]. 111 9

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the primary agent of posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis. HCV RNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by polymerase chain reaction in 17 of 24 HCV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis with or without cirrhosis. One of 5 patients whose PBMC contained HCV RNA also had negative-stranded HCV RNA in the PBMC. In 3 of 11 patients whose PBMC contained HCV RNA, flow cytometry with a murine monoclonal antibody to HCV core epitope revealed cytoplasmic staining of peripheral blood monocytes. The monocyte surface and the peripheral blood lymphocytes did not stain for HCV core epitopes. No correlation could be made between the presence of HCV RNA or antigen in PBMC and any serologic markers of HCV infection. These results indicate that monocyte uptake of HCV by either phagocytosis or infection may be part of the pathophysiology of this chronic disease.
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PMID:Hepatitis C virus is detected in a monocyte/macrophage subpopulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infected patients. 138 47

We considered 87 patients suffering from chronic hepatic pathology. 62 patients have resulted suffering from cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis, 25 from neoplasias. In the patient's group with chronic liver disease the humoral tests were not able to differentiate between cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis. In the present retrospective experience echography showed sensibility 0.53 and specificity 0.91. In cirrhosis group, sensibility 0.5 and specificity 0.60 in chronic active hepatitis, sensibility 0.8 and specificity 0.95 in the neoplasia group. Peritoneoscopy showed sensibility 0.97 and specificity 0.93 in the cirrhosis group and sensibility 0.90 and specificity 1.00 in the neoplasia group. We had one case of major complication: hemoperitoneum from tear of adhesion secondary to previous laparotomy. We can conclude that peritoneoscopy is an useful procedure in the study of liver chronic disease and it still finds indication in selected cases of focal illness.
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PMID:[The diagnostic use of laparoscopy in liver pathology in light of the evolution of imaging diagnosis]. 138 52

The relationship of stature with the prevalence of 18 chronic diseases or groups of diseases was analysed using data from the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on a sample of 63,859 individuals aged 20 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of the place of residence and of the household in order to be representative of the Italian population. Rate ratios (RR) were computed using multiple logistic regression, including terms for sex, age, geographical area, education and smoking. For 15 out of 18 diseases or groups of diseases the RR was below unity in the highest quartiles of height, and the inverse trends with stature were significant for 11 (diabetes, RR 0.90 for highest vs lowest quartile; heart disease, RR 0.92; chronic bronchitis and emphysema, RR 0.84; bronchial asthma, RR 0.70; anaemias, RR 0.70; liver cirrhosis, RR 0.62; urolithiasis, RR 0.76; renal insufficiency, RR 0.71; arthritis, RR 0.89; psychiatric and neurological disorders, RR 0.82). None of the diseases considered showed significant direct trends with height, but hypertension (RR 1.09 for the highest vs lowest quartile), haemorrhoids or varices (RR 1.09) and cancers (RR 1.22) tended to be elevated in the highest quartile of height. The generalised inverse relationship between height and prevalence of chronic disease suggests that poorer nutrition in childhood and adolescence is an unfavourable indicator for the subsequent occurrence of several diseases. Major exceptions were hypertension and varices, two conditions highly dependent on the pattern of health care utilization, and cancer.
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PMID:Height and the prevalence of chronic disease. 160 29

The usefulness of surveillance in relating chronic disease trends to recent changes in risk exposures is often questioned on the grounds that these trends respond slowly, reflecting long periods between aetiological exposures and clinical onset of disease. We challenge this preconception on the basis of a review of several important risk factors and diseases: alcohol and liver cirrhosis; tobacco and stroke, cardiovascular disease, and lung cancer; and oestrogens and endometrial cancer. Data from cohort, cross-sectional, and modelling studies demonstrate that the time between removal of exposures and the onset of decline in morbidity or mortality is not defined by the time between initial exposure and disease occurrence. Rather, the pattern of lifetime exposures (with recent exposures often having a dominant effect), the dynamics of the disease process, and the segment of the population with reduced exposures determine how soon the decline begins.
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PMID:Public health surveillance of non-infectious chronic diseases: the potential to detect rapid changes in disease burden. 226 57

Chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, end stage renal failure on hemodialysis, post-hepatitic liver cirrhosis) caused autonomic neuropathy in 34 of 65 cases. The frequency of autonomic neuropathy was 14 of 30 diabetics (typ I and typ II), twelve of 19 patients on dialysis, and eight of 16 non-alcoholic liver cirrhotics. We did not find a correlation between the tests of the cardiovascular and of the gastrointestinal system. The distribution of the neuropathic changes was undependent of the underlying disorder. Using appropriate tests, alterations of the autonomic functions can be discovered frequently even in asymptomatic patients. At least two pathological test results are necessary to reach a significant difference between patients and healthy controls. This indicates that the diagnosis of autonomic neuropathy should rely on two or more pathological test results. The evidence of autonomic neuropathy identifies a population of high risk patients.
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PMID:[Autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure and liver cirrhosis]. 271 53

The toxicity of uremic fluorescent substances (F-ure) in hemofiltrates of a dialysis patient on the respiration of rat liver mitochondria was studied in comparison with some fluorescent substances (F-cir) in a cirrhosis urine. These substances found in both the body fluid of chronic disease were fractionated by hydrophobic HPLC. And the characteristic of (1) F-ure and (2) F-cir was as follows: the hydrophobicity based on Sasagawa's constant, (1) 1.1 approximately 1.3 & (2) 1.8; lambda max in UV spectrum, (1) 231, 356 nm & (2) 220 approximately 230, 290 nm; Em in fluorescence, (1) 461 nm & (2) 361 or 504 approximately 7 nm. When F-ure was added into mitochondrial respiratory medium, the respiration of succinate (State 4) decreased about a half in the presence of phosphate and succinate/ADP respiration (State 3) was much suppressed. And about a quarter of this suppression was released by an uncoupled (SF-6847), whereas F-cir on the state 3 respiration showed to be stimulative effect in like manner of uncoupler. The toxicity of uremic fluorescent substances on cellular energy generation could be demonstrated by decreased respiration of mitochondria.
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PMID:[Inhibitory effect of uremic fluorescent substances on the cellular energy generation]. 274 95

From 1969 to 1973, 68 patients were admitted to the 4th Division of Medicine of the Brescia Civil Hospital with the diagnosis of viral myocarditis. The patients were divided into two groups according to the results of the Coxsackie virus complement fixing antibodies test: Group 1 (42 patients) with a fourfold or greater rising antibody titre; Group 2 (26 patients) with a negative serum test. Both groups were examined after a follow-up period of 15 years. Ten patients from Group 1 died. The diagnoses were chronic myocarditis (three cases); chronic cardiomyopathy-pulmonary embolism (one case); chronic cardiomyopathy-liver cirrhosis (one case); dilated cardiomyopathy-sudden death (two cases); congestive cardiomyopathy (three cases). No Group 2 patients died. The 15-year mortality rate of Group 1 was significantly higher than that of Group 2 (Fisher Test: p less than 0.005). In conclusion, the natural history of Coxsackie virus heart disease is characterized by two possibilities: a complete recovery from a clinical point of view, in some cases with only minor T wave abnormalities, or evolution into a chronic disease (dilated cardiomyopathy) having a high mortality rate within 10 years of the onset of the acute disease.
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PMID:Coxsackie virus heart disease: 15 years after. 322 24

As public health measures decrease the number of deaths due to infectious diseases, life expectancy will increase and chronic and degenerative diseases will claim a greater part of the public health resources. Moreover, many of these diseases are directly related to certain preventable risk factors, which it would be advantageous to identify and eliminate before they become major problems in developing countries. First, demographic analyses, using multiple decrement life tables, were performed to show 1) the survival experience of persons in the population who would die of a disease, given the current cause-specific mortality rates, 2) the life expectancy at any age in the table for a given cause of death, and 3) the gain in life expectancy among persons expected to die of the disease. Second, models were constructed for assessing the effects of risk factors and their change over time. The 1st part of this analysis used hazard functions to relate the risk of disease or death to the values of the risk factor; the 2nd part used linear regression equations to project future values of the risk factors as a function of their past values. Data for the life tables were drawn from World Health Organization cause-specific mortality profiles for cancer, diabetes, cirrhosis, stroke, and heart disease in highly developed, moderately developed, and less developed nations. Data for assessing the effects of various risk factor interventions were drawn from the Framingham Study of cardiovascular disease. Risk factors used were serum cholesterol, blood pressure, smoking, Quetelet index, blood sugar, hemoglobin, vital capacity and age. Demographic analysis showed that the effects of major noncommunicable diseases on life expectancy was not significantly different in developed and developing countries; there were differences in the proportions of deaths from the 5 diseases analyzed but not in the distribution of age at death. Moreover, numerically there are currently more chronic disease deaths in developing than in developed countries, and as life expectancy increases and fertility declines, the impact of noncommunicable diseases will rapidly increase in those countries. Analysis of risk-factor reduction by intervention, such as nonsmoking campaigns and low cholesterol diets, showed that such interventions would be cost-effective, but less so at some ages than at others. Nevertheless, such interventions would be worthwhile if they prevented unhealthful life styles from gaining a foothold in these countries.
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PMID:The global impact of noncommunicable diseases: estimates and projections. 323 13


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