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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vibrio cholerae non-O1 serogroup (VCNO) bacteraemia is a severe condition with a high case-fatality rate. We report three cases diagnosed in the Netherlands, identified during a national microbiological congress, and provide a literature review on VCNO bacteraemia. A search strategy including synonyms for 'VCNO' and 'bacteraemia' was applied to PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and Embase databases. The three cases were reported in elderly male patients after fish consumption and/or surface water contact. The literature search yielded 82 case reports on 90 cases and six case series. Thirty case reports were from Asia (30/90; 33%), concerned males (67/90; 74%), and around one third (38/90; 42%) involved a history of alcohol abuse and/or liver cirrhosis The presenting symptom often was gastroenteritis (47/90; 52%) which occurred after seafood consumption in 32% of the cases (15/47).Aside from the most frequent symptom being fever, results of case series concurred with these findings. Published cases also included rare presentations e.g. endophthalmitis and neonatal meningitis. Based on the limited data available, cephalosporins seemed the most effective treatment. Although mainly reported in Asia, VCNO bacteraemia occurs worldwide. While some risk factors for VCNO were identified in this study, the source of infection remains often unclear. Clinical presentation may vary greatly and therefore a quick microbiological diagnosis is indispensable.
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PMID:Vibrio cholerae non-O1 bacteraemia: description of three cases in the Netherlands and a literature review. 2710 37

Vibrio cholerae are Gram-negative bacteria that are differentiated into O1/O139 and non-O1/non-O139 serogroups depending on their ability to agglutinate with specific antiserum. In contrast to non-O1/non-0139 Vibrio cholerae, which are more prone to invade the bloodstream, Vibrio cholerae O1 is rarely the cause of bacteremia. We report a case of O1 Vibrio cholera bacteremia and primary peritonitis in a patient with liver cirrhosis. The literature on the subject is also reviewed.
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PMID:A Case of O1 Vibrio Cholera Bacteremia and Primary Peritonitis in a Patient With Liver Cirrhosis. 2799 Feb 8

Introduction.Vibrio species are curved, motile Gram-negative bacilli found in estuarine and marine environments, and are known to cause to gastroenteritis, skin and soft tissue infections, and septicaemia. While not responsible for cholera epidemics, non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) is increasingly reported as a cause of gastroenteritis. Case presentation. A 66-year-old man presented to an emergency department with a 1 week history of epigastric pain, emesis and fever. Blood cultures drawn on admission initially demonstrated Gram-negative bacilli, and ultimately grew NOVC, which was later confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight MS. Subsequent history revealed that the patient had eaten fish and seafood prior to falling ill. He was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and oral doxycycline while admitted, and oral ciprofloxacin and doxycycline upon discharge. His bacteraemia was believed to be secondary to altered gut anatomy from prior surgery and proton-pump inhibitor use. Conclusion. Risk factors for NOVC bacteraemia include cirrhosis, immunosuppression and other forms of liver disease. Cases are often linked to a history of seafood ingestion when water temperatures rise, enabling Vibrio species to proliferate. While the optimal management of NOVC bacteraemia is unclear, a combination of a third-generation cephalosporin with a tetracycline has been suggested. Physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for this pathogen when evaluating ill patients with a history of liver disease and seafood ingestion.
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PMID:Sinister seafood: bacteraemia secondary to non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae infection. 2902 30

Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) strains are an uncommon cause of gastroenteritis. However, they have been recently associated with severe extraintestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts. Among them, bacteremia in cirrhotic patients is noteworthy. We present the case of a 58-year-old woman with cirrhosis that developed septic shock, multiple organ failure and died four days after admission. Blood cultures yielded Gram-negative rods identified as Vibrio cholerae. Further serogrouping by slide agglutination and a negative PCR for ctxA gen confirmed the strain to be NOVC. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed sensitivity to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin; and resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. To the best of our knowledge, this is first report in Peru, described in the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, of NOVC bacteremia.
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PMID:[Vibrio cholerae NO-O1/NO-O139 bacteremia in a cirrhotic patient. First case report in Peru and literatura review]. 3054 Jul 37

Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) are genetically diverse strains that are generally non-pathogenic in healthy hosts. In immunocompromised patients or those with liver disease, NOVC have been shown to cause gastroenteritis, wound infections or sepsis and are often associated with high mortality rates. We report a case of a patient with liver cirrhosis and chronic venous insufficiency who was found to have NOVC bacteremia. The patient had recently visited Florida, USA but had no seafood consumption or exposure to aquatic environments. The patient was managed with antimicrobials, with a favorable outcome.
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PMID:Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia in an urban academic medical center in the United States. 3098 53

In mainland China, the clinical, epidemiological and genetic features of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) bacteraemia have been scarcely investigated. Herein, we describe a patient with NOVC bacteraemia diagnosed in our hospital and present a retrospective analysis of literature reports of 32 other cases in China, detailing the clinical epidemiology, antibiotic resistance and molecular characteristics of isolates. Most patients were male (84.8%; median age, 53 years) and had predisposing factors, such as cirrhosis, malignant tumours, blood diseases and diabetes. In addition to fever, gastroenteritis was the most frequent presenting symptom. The mortality rate during hospitalisation was 12.1%. NOVC bacteraemia cases were more common in June-August, with the majority in coastal provinces and the Yangtze River basin. Only 42.4% of cases were attributed to consumption of marine (aquatic) products. Tetracycline, third-generation cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones were the most effective antimicrobial agents, and the highest frequencies of resistance were recorded for ampicillin/sulbactam (37.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (33.3%), ampicillin (29.2%) and sulfamethoxazole (20%). Multi-drug resistant isolates were not detected. Limited data indicate that ctxAB and tcpA genes were absent in all NOVC isolates but other putative virulence genes (hlyA, toxR, hap and rtxA) were common. Ten multilocus sequence types were identified with marked genetic heterogeneity between different isolates. As clinical manifestations of NOVC bacteraemia may vary widely, and isolates exhibit genetic diversity, clinicians and public health experts should be alerted to the possibility of infection with this pathogen because of the high prevalence of liver disease in China.
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PMID:Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia in mainland China from 2005 to 2019: clinical, epidemiological and genetic characteristics. 3263 46


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