Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of liver biopsies over a three year period revealed 166 cases of carcinoma of the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma constituted the commonest malignant tumour in male Zambians. The different histologic sub-types were studied and compared wth a study of liver cell cancer in Uganda. Trabecular carcinoma was the commonest histological type. A significant association of hepatocellular carcinoma with macronodular cirrhosis was noted.
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PMID:Primary carcinoma of the liver in Zambia. 19 Aug 19

Serum enzyme activities were studied in 131 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 76 cases of metastatic liver carcinomas (MLC) and 234 cases of hepatic cirrhosis. SGOT was elevated above SGPT in most of the time in these patients, SGOT/SGPT was greater in HCC compared with other groups, and that this ratio increased during the preterminal period more markedly in patients with HCC because of the significant increase of SGOT in the face of relatively stable SGPT. Preterminal rises of alkaline phosphatase and LDH activities were more pronounced in MLC. Leucine aminopeptidase activity exhibited no characteristic feature of diagnostic value. Of the five enzymes, SGOT changes were more closely correlated with the growth of HCC; SGPT reflected more of the liver parenchymal damage while SGOT was probably accounted for in part by tumor-derived GOT. Other clinical and pathological implications are discussed.
Cancer 1977 Jul
PMID:Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase ratios in hepatocellular carcinoma. 19 7

Necropsy and clinical data show that primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) is the commonest cancer among the Senoi (a Malaysian aboringine group). The other aboringine tribes do not appear to have this high predilection for liver cancer. In the necropsy series, PHS was present in 10 out of 22 Senoi patients with cirrhosis. All the 22 livers contained hepatocytes that stained with Shikata's orcein stain and specific immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent stains for hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). This observation raises the strong possibility that hepatitis B may be an important etiologic factor in the development of cirrhosis and PHC in the Senoi. The reason for the high susceptibility of the Senoi for HB virus infection is not clear, and the role of aflatoxin in the pathogenesis of PHC in the Senoi has yet to be determined. That the Senoi are a numerically small community, maintaining their own unique dietary and social customs and living in readily accessible areas in the Malaysian jungle, makes them an ideal population for the study of factors in the etiology of liver cancer.
Cancer 1977 Oct
PMID:HBAg-positive chronic liver disease associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Senoi. 19

The effects of treatments with diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) on macaque monkeys were investigated by virus serology and by light and electron microscopy. The experimental groups comprised 43 newborn or juvenile cynomolgus and rhesus monkeys of both sexes. HBV neither had a carcinogenic effect nor increased the oncogenic effect of DENA. However, HBV given to juvenile primates before treatment with DENA resulted in subsequent gross and microscopic alterations consistent with mild hepatitis and postnecrotic cirrhosis; multifocal liver carcinoma apparently developed within these cirrhotic nodules. The pathologic findings in the experimental animals were strikingly similar to those observed in liver cancer patients.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1977 Nov
PMID:Experimental carcinoma of liver in macaque monkeys exposed to diethylnitrosamine and hepatitis B virus. 19 64

Two cases of minute hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) found in a liver infested with Clonorchis sinensis are described. One had mild infestation with hepatic changes suggestive of posthepatitic cirrhosis, and the other heavy infestation exhibiting secondary biliary cirrhosis with dilated intrahepatic bile ducts and periductal fibrosis. None had evidence of hepatitis B infection. The tumor nodule was solitary, measuring 5 X 7 mm and 10 X 11 mm, respectively, and the cells were differentiated to be classified as Grade I of Edmondson-Steiner's scale of anaplasia. It is not clear whether or not clonorchiasis was etiologically related to HCC, but it was of interest that in both cases the tumor nodule was very small representing the primary lesion without metastasis.
Cancer 1977 Mar
PMID:A minute hepatocellular carcinoma found in a liver with clonorchis sinensis infection: report of two cases. 19 47

The chief causes of liver disease in Ethiopia are reviewed, considering hospital data on admissions for hepatitis, cirrhosis, ascites and hepatoma. Liver diseases account for 11.4% of all medical admissions in 3 medical wards in Addis Ababa. The causes are viral hepatitis, post- hepatic and post necrotic and mixed cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Alcoholic cirrhosis is rare. Viral hepatitis with shivering, rigor and fever and elevated direct bilirubin levels are common in Ethiopians, especially in child-bearing women. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is often associated with hepatitis. The disease may be transmitted by several species of mosquitoes, placental transmission, or feces, urine, saliva or semen. Blood products are not screened for hepatitis B. Cirrhosis is common, and causes significant mortality, usually from esophageal varices and hepatic coma. Chronic active hepatitis patients may live for a time, especially if they are near a hospital and are treated with steroids. In Ethiopia presenting symptoms for hepatoma are anorexia, weight loss, persistent, burning, right upper quadrant pain, and a hard, nodular, tender RUQ mass. Over 5% of malignancies seen are primary hepatocellular carcinomas. 50% have HBsAG, compared to 3.8% of controls. 65% have alpha-fetoglobulins. It is suggested that some viral hepatitis cases progress to cirrhosis, of which some go on to hepatocellular carcinoma. Herbal medicines, aflatoxins and other toxins may also contribute to liver disease.
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PMID:Current views on liver diseases in Ethiopia. 20 62

In 9 years in Kenya, 34 examples of primary liver cancer wer diagnosed in patients in the first two decades of life. This represents 4.7% of all liver cancers during this period. The larger proportion (29) were hepatocellular carcinoma. In the second decade, there was a notable association with macronodular cirrhosis. Analogy with experimental work suggests that cells in mitotic cycle may be more vulnerable to the effect of environmental carcinogens. Five examples of hepatoblastoma were identified at ages from 2 months to 14 years; none showed the features of "mixed" tumours. The ratio of hepatoblastoma to hepatocellular carcinoma was the reverse of that found in other large series of juvenile hepatic tumours. The histopathological features of these tumours are described and problems of their classification are discussed.
Br J Cancer 1977 Dec
PMID:Primary cancer of the liver in Kenyan children. 20 98

The influence of dietary protein content and dietary vitamin B12 supplement on the hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxin in rat liver was studied. In animals fed a low-protein diet, aflatoxin induced extensive toxic and carcinogenic effects. Cirrhosis was significantly prevented to a certain level by vitamin B12 administration, but the incidence of cholangiofibrosis and hyperplastic nodules was unchanged. No toxic effect was observed in animals receiving high-protein diet with no vitamin B12 supplement in this study (33 weeks). Only one rat bearing a hepatoma was observed in this group. However, hepatoma and hyperplastic nodules were found in the group receiving high-protein diet plus vitamin B12. Cholangiofibrosis and cirrhosis were not observed in the high-protein group regardless of vitamin B12 administration.
Cancer Res 1978 Jul
PMID:Influence of dietary protein and vitamin B12 on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxins in rat liver. 20 26

In 167 consecutive patients with various types of neuropathy, the amplitude of the sensory potential and the maximum conduction velocity along the sural nerve were compared with conduction in other sensory nerves, and were related to structural changes revealed by nerve biopsy. Electrophysiological findings in the sural nerve were similar to those in the superficial peroneal and the median nerve, though the distal segment of the median nerve was normal in 20 per cent of the patients when it was abnormal in the sural nerve. Quantitation of histological findings was a more sensitive method than the electrophysiological study in that two-thirds of 33 patients with normal electrophysiology in the sural nerve showed mild loss of fibres or signs of remyelination in teased fibres. The amplitude of the sensory potential was grossly related to the number of large myelinated fibres (more than 7 micrometer in diameter). Considering the 95 nerves from which teased fibres were obtained, maximum conduction velocity was abnormal in half. In 18 of these nerves, slowing in conduction was due to axonal degeneration: the velocity was as to be expected from the diameter of the largest fibres in the biopsy ("proportionate slowing"). In 9 nerves slowing was severe and more marked than to be expected from loss of the largest fibres ("disproportionate slowing"); these nerves showed paranodal or segmental demyelination in more than 30 per cent of the fibres. In 16 nerves from patients with neuropathy of different aetiology neither loss of fibres nor demyelination could explain the moderate slowing. The cause of slowing in these nerves is unknown; other conditions are referred to in which slowing in conduction cannot be attributed to morphological changes. Finally, electrophysiological and histological findings are reported in some patients with neuropathy associated with malignant neoplasm, with rheumatoid arthritis, with polyarteritis nodosa, with acute intermittent porphyria and with cirrhosis of the liver.
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PMID:Sensory action potentials and biopsy of the sural nerve in neuropathy. 21 63

Three hundred and eighty-five patients mostly with chronic liver diseases and 729 apparently healthy adults were studied for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with reversed passive hemagglutination and antibody (anti-HBs) with passive hemagglutination. In healthy adults around 15% was HBsAg positive and in 45% was anti-HBs positive, estimating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in nearly two thirds of the population. The infection already occurred before adulthood. The prevalences of HBsAg were invariably over 80% in chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) indicating an intimate relationship to HBV. On the contrary, the positive rates of anti-HBs in these diseases were far lower than those in healthy people and patients with other diseases, this is similar to the situation in chronic HBsAg carriers. The prevalence of HBsAg in hepatoma patients was unusually high, being 82.7% in contrast to 11.9% in patients with other malignancies. Not only hepatoma patients with cirrhosis but also those without cirrhosis were found to have high prevalence of HBsAg. The fact indicates an even more intimate relationship between hepatoma and HBV.
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PMID:Hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Taiwan. 21 87


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