Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An association of alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, hepatoma, extensive aortic thrombosis, and chronic bleeding peptic ulcer of the duodenal bulbus in a patient who survived only three days after hospitalisation is reported. An explanation of each disease is given and the fact that a basically hypocoagulative situation (cirrhosis) can give rise to thrombosis of the aorta is stressed. Production and release into the circulation of thromboplastins by the hepatoma (paraneoplastic syndrome), leading aortic atherosclerosis and slow circulation due to haemorrhagic cardiocirculatory collapse was the most likely explanation.
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PMID:[Association of liver cirrhosis, hepatoma, extensive aortic thrombosis and chronic duodenal peptic ulcer in the same patient]. 626 18

A unifying concept that excessive proliferation of cells and turnover of cellular matrix contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma and cirrhosis of the liver, is presented. As corollaries to this concept, the following topics are considered: (1) the role of polypeptide hormones and hormone-like mediators in the initiation, promotion and maintenance of proliferative responses; (2) alterations in collagen metabolism and collagenase activity; (3) the role of proteinases; (4) the potential use of inhibitors of proteinases for prevention of disease; and (5) the potential use of inhibitors of proliferative polypeptide hormones for prevention of disease. As specific proteolytic and proliferative biochemical mechanisms which contribute to the pathogenesis of disease become identified, there is a unique opportunity to develop new pharmacologic methods of prevention.
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PMID:Proliferative diseases. 626 92

Plasma fatty acids and lipid peroxidation were studied in human atherosclerosis. Analysis of fatty acids in 16 controls and 32 hyperlipidemic patients showed, in the latter, a decrease in saturated fatty acids, especially palmitic and stearic acids, and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, especially arachidonic acid. Compared to hyperlipidemic patients without arterial injury, patients with arterial injury exhibit a significant increase in malonaldehyde (MDA). In the former, MDA concentrations are significantly increased compared to controls. Therefore, peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids may have a deleterious effect on arteries in atheroma, through the release of toxic endoperoxydes and the metabolization of arachidonic acid into thromboxane, which is a platelet aggregator. Lipid peroxidation can also be demonstrated in other diseases: we found very high MDA concentration in 11 alcoholic patients (alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis) and 6 patients with inflammatory conditions such as Crohn disease.
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PMID:[Fatty acid and lipid peroxidation in human atherosclerosis]. 630 85

When compared to values obtained in normalweight, normolipidemic control subjects, the level of complement C3 protein and total complement activity (CH50) were found to be obviously decreased in patients with decompensated cirrhosis of the liver and slightly but significantly increased in subjects with type IIb and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. C3 protein level was positively correlated with the concentration of serum cholesterol, the logarithm of serum triglyceride concentration, serum pseudocholinesterase and total complement activity. There were no significant differences concerning C3 protein level between hyperlipidemic subjects with clinical atherosclerosis and those without documented vascular disease. It is suggested that accelerated lipoprotein turnover occurring in many subjects with type IIb and type IV hyperlipoproteinemia might enhance the synthesis of several liver produced plasma enzymes and proteins including the C3 protein of the complement system.
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PMID:Increased level of the complement C3 protein in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia. 710 36

Flow cytometry of testicular tissue from autopsies showed differences in the proportion of substained spermatozoa (1 CA), spermatids (1 CB), diploid 2C nuclei and premeiotic spermatozoa in the 4 C class. The evaluation of the histograms was performed with computer assistance. Healthy accident cases or those delivered in forensic medicine furnished the control values. Patients with hepatic cirrhosis showed a nearly complete loss of the haploid class, while cases with fatty degeneration of the liver demonstrated a reduction. Circulatory insufficiency in cases of acute shock resulted in an increase in the 4C values of meiotic prophase I and a decrease of spermatids. Spermatozoa were normal in these cases. After prolonged shock a nearly complete breakdown of spermatogenesis was observed. In cases of atherosclerosis an irregular degree of reduction was seen. Cancer patients showed a reduction of spermatogenesis in correlation to therapy.
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PMID:Flow cytometry of human testicular tissue. 714 Apr 80

Though myocardial alterations are well recognized in haemochromatosis, little attention has been paid to the cardiac changes in Wilson's disease. To define the extent of myocardial degeneration in newly diagnosed or chronically treated Wilson's disease, we reviewed the autopsy findings in 9 cases with this condition. We compared our observations with those in 3 control cases, selected for comparable age and with liver disease having no known association with cardiac degeneration. Our results revealed cardiac hypertrophy in 5 out of 9 cases of Wilson's disease. There was evidence of interstitial and replacement fibrosis, intramyocardial small vessel sclerosis and focal inflammatory cell inflammation to a variable degree in all cases. One case had AV nodal degeneration, and a 15 year old boy had severe atherosclerosis of the left main coronary artery. Two patients died suddenly, presumably secondary to an arrhythmia; one of these patients had the most marked myocardial alterations. We could not correlate these changes specifically with the tissue levels of copper, treatment with D-penicillamine, or the presence of cirrhosis. We conclude that there are definite morphological abnormalities in the hearts of patients with Wilson's disease consistent with a cardiomyopathy. Though the myocardial changes were non-specific, the fact that 2 patients died suddenly, suggests the need for a prospective study of cardiac function in these patients in the future.
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PMID:The cardiomyopathy of Wilson's disease. Myocardial alterations in nine cases. 715 67

The clinical and pathologic findings are reported in seven consecutive patients with progressive and fatal pulmonary hypertension which was not explained by predisposing cardiac or pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary arterial lesions consisted of atherosclerosis of the elastic pulmonary arteries, and medial hypertrophy and concentric laminar fibrosis of the muscular pulmonary arteries in seven patients, plexiform lesions in six patients and necrotizing vasculitis in one patient. Pulmonary emboli were not identified. Five patients had manifestations of autoimmune disease, including laboratory abnormalities (positive antinuclear antibody, positive latex agglutination for rheumatoid factor, hypergammaglobulinemia or antimitochondrial antibody) in four, necrotizing vasculitis in one, Raynaud's phenomenon in two and clinical evidence of multisystem collagen vascular disease in two. Five patients had liver disease which developed prior to or concomitant with the onset of pulmonary hypertension. At autopsy, one patient had prominent periportal fibrosis and four had macronodular (postnecrotic) cirrhosis (active in three and inactive in one). Four of these five patients with liver disease and pulmonary hypertension had evidence of autoimmune phenomena. The findings in the seven patients suggest an association between autoimmune disease, plexogenic pulmonary hypertension and liver disease of the chronic active hepatitis-postnecrotic cirrhosis type.
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PMID:Severe pulmonary hypertension associated with macronodular (postnecrotic) cirrhosis and autoimmune phenomena. 742 41

During 1965 to 1968, 80 workers who had been engaged in the production of 2, 4, 5-sodium trichlorphenoxyacetate and butylester of trichlorphenoxyacetate acid became ill. The cause of the illness was 2, 4, 7, 8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin. A 10-yr study has been conducted for 55 exposed individuals. The majority of the patients developed chloracne, and 11 manifested porphyria cutanea tarda. Approximately one-half of the patients suffered from metabolic disturbances, i.e., pathologically elevated lipids with abnormalities in the lipoprotein spectrum, and two-fifths of the patients had pathological changes in the glucose tolerance test. One-third of the patients had biochemical deviations indicative of a mild liver lesion. Histological examination revealed light steatosis, or periportal fibrosis, or activation of Kupffer cells. Fluorescence of the liver tissues was present in ultraviolet light. In 17 persons symptoms of nervous system focal damage existed, with predominance of peripheral neuron lesion of the lower extremities (verified by EMG examination). The majority of patients suffered from various psychological disorders. As of this date, two patients have died of bronchogenic lung carcinoma; one of liver cirrhosis; one of a rapidly developed, extremely unusual type of atherosclerosis precipue cerebri; and two patients have died in traffic accidents. The conditions of most other patients have improved.
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PMID:The development and prognosis of chronic intoxication by tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin in men. 746 93

Mortality among workers of the rubber industry was assessed following the observation of the cohort comprised of 6,978 male workers who had started their employment in the plant producing rubber footwear during the years 1945-1973, and worked for, at least, three months. The condition of the cohort was assessed for December 31, 1990. Standardised mortality rate (SMR) was used as a measurement tool and it was calculated by means of the man-year method. The general population of Poland was taken as the reference population. General mortality in the cohort was significantly higher than in the reference population (2020 death, SMR = 110). Significant excess mortality due to atherosclerosis (205 deaths, SMR = 135) and cirrhosis of the liver (48 deaths, SMR = 170) was also noted. Total number of deaths due to malignant neoplasms-421-was slightly higher than expected. Significant excess of the bladder cancer (13 deaths, SMR = 357), the larynx cancer (23 deaths, SMR = 180) and the lung cancer (148 deaths, SMR = 122) was revealed. Significantly increased risk of the large intestine cancer (15 deaths, SMR = 242) was observed in the subcohort of workers employed in direct production departments.
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PMID:[Mortality among workers of the rubber industry. III. Results of further observation of the male cohort]. 747 45

Lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), a copper-dependent enzyme which catalyses the formation of aldehyde cross-links, and acts primarily on collagen and elastin, is known to be increased during wound healing and in fibrotic disorders including liver cirrhosis and atherosclerosis, and to be decreased in some hereditary connective tissue diseases and in malignant cell lines. A recent study showed that lysyl oxidase might possess tumour suppressor activity as an antioncogene for ras. Little is known about the localization of this enzyme in human skin. In this study, we determined immunohistochemically the localization of lysyl oxidase in normal skin of young and elderly subjects obtained from sun-exposed and unexposed regions of the body. All skin samples tested had similar distributions of lysyl oxidase. The enzyme was present both extracellularly and intracellularly. Extracellularly, a few granular aggregates of immunoreactants were observed along collagen and elastic fibres. These granules were more common in the adventitial portion of the dermis than in the reticular portion. Of all sun-exposed and unexposed regions studied, the skin of the face displayed the greatest amount of extracellular immunoreactants. Immunopositive granules were observed intracellularly in fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles and some keratinocytes. These findings provide evidence that, as suggested in recent reports, lysyl oxidase may have a variety of intracellular functions.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of lysyl oxidase in normal human skin. 791 5


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