Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A report is presented on the changes of cytochemical reactions of neutrophilic granulocytes in children during acute leukaemia. Various hydrolases revealed a significant increase of activity during the acute stage of disease. The enzyme activity begins to decrease in remission, but regains its normal value only in the activity of alkaline granulocytic phosphatase. The glycogen content of granulocytes is reduced at the beginning of the disease and during the recidive as well as in the granulocytes of children affected with chronic myeloid leukaemia. The enhanced enzyme activity of granulocytes refers to the fact that the defence function of cells in acute leukaemias is not completely cancelled. Only a decreased glycogen content of cells refers to a disturbance in the metabolism of granulocytes.
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PMID:[Cytochemistry of leukocytes in children. II. Changes in cytochemical reactions of neutrophil granulocytes in the course of leukoses]. 5 Sep 63

The diagnostic value of the Alkaline Leucocyte Phosphatase (ALP) was checked on the basis of the patients of a hematologic department. Reliable data can only be obtained for the differential diagnosis of polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia, not however for the differential diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and myelofibrosis. In CML the ALP is an aid for evaluating the course of the disease and its remissions. In Hodgkin's disease it is an objective parameter for actiivty of the disease. The leucocyte concentration method can be used for evaluation of the ALP.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of alkaline leucocyte phosphatase in hematology (author's transl)]. 28 25

The activity of alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase was measured in polymorphonuclears in 20 cases of myelodysplasia syndromes, 10 cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia. Reduced phosphatase activity was found in 5 cases and peroxidase activity in 3 cases of myelodysplasia syndromes. No evident correlation was noted between the activity of these enzymes and prognosis. Increased proportion of peroxidase-negative granulocytes was observed, moreover, in most cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia. The observations will be continued in larger material.
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PMID:[Results of selected cytochemical studies of mature granulocytes in myelodysplastic syndromes and various other hematologic diseases]. 182 68

The expression of the complement receptor CR1 has been evaluated using an immunoalkaline phosphatase staining method on peripheral blood neutrophils and granulocyte precursors from 22 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and 15 healthy subjects. The immunocytochemical labelling pattern of CR1 was evaluated semiquantitatively on cell smears using three different anti-CR1 monoclonal antibodies. The scoring method showed that seven patients with CML had a marked reduction in CR1 expression which did not change with in vitro stimulation of neutrophils with phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA) whereas control cells responded to PMA, increasing the receptor level two-fold. In addition, functional analysis of neutrophils with low CR1 expression from CML patients showed a very low cytolytic activity against K562 tumour target, suggesting a relationship between the cellular content of CR1 and neutrophil tumouricidal activity. The involvement of CR1 in neutrophil-mediated lysis is consistent with complete lack of tumour toxicity following receptor neutralization by anti-CR1 monoclonal antibodies. Interferon therapy improved CR1 expression and the cytolytic response of neutrophils in three out of five CML patients with a moderately low CR1 score. CML patients non-responding to interferon therapy and those with a very low CR1 score, independent of the clinical stage, progressed more rapidly into the advanced clinical stage and blastic crisis.
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PMID:Evaluation of CR1 expression in neutrophils from chronic myeloid leukaemia: relationship between prognosis and cellular activity. 182 3

Cytoplasmic protein from peripheral blood myeloid cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients altered the electrophoretic mobility of complexes formed between nuclear proteins and interferon-inducible transcriptional enhancers. Immature myeloid marrow cells (blasts and promyelocytes) have a higher level of this activity than do mature myeloid marrow cells (bands and polys). This activity, which is not detectable in the peripheral blood cells of normal individuals, is at least 50-fold higher in CML marrow blasts and promyelocytes than that found in marrow blasts and promyelocytes of normal individuals. This activity was inhibited by in vivo incubation of immature myeloid cells with the phosphatase inhibitor, sodium orthovanadate (0.2 mM), and by adding orthovanadate (20 mM) directly to cytoplasmic proteins of myeloid cells. Interferon-alpha (1,000 U/ml) reduced the effects of the CML myeloid cell cytoplasmic protein on the electrophoretic mobility of nuclear protein-DNA complexes. These data suggest that a unique phosphatase may be involved in the abnormalities in CML which are modulated by interferon-alpha.
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PMID:A phosphatase activity present in peripheral blood myeloid cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia patients but not normal individuals alters nuclear protein binding to transcriptional enhancers of interferon-inducible genes. 224 38

P210bcr/abl protein with tyrosine protein kinase has been implicated in the proliferation and differentiation of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Using an immunoblotting technique with antiphosphotyrosine (anti-P-Tyr) antibodies, we examined whether P210bcr/abl protein was expressed in chronic phase cells in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We could detect P210bcr/abl protein in blast cells regardless of myeloid or lymphoid lineage but not in chronic phase cells from patients. However, in a patient with both blast cells and chronic phase cells, we could identify the protein only after the enrichment of the blast crisis cells by Percoll gradient centrifugation. When K562 cells were mixed with mature granuloid cells, the P210bcr/abl in K562 cells detected by immunoblotting was decreased. Using phosphotyrosyl proteins in K562 cells as substrates, high phosphotyrosyl (P-Tyr) phosphatase activity was observed, not only in the lysate of chronic phase cells from CML patients but also in the lysate of neutrophils from normal subjects. These findings suggest the possibility that high P-Tyr phosphatase activity prevents the detection of P210bcr/abl in CML cells in the chronic phase. The activity may be characteristic of mature cells and may regulate cellular events through dephosphorylation of P210bcr/abl.
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PMID:Phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity prevents the detection of P210bcr/abl protein in mature cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia even by an immunoblotting technique. 247 29

Using a modified alkaline-phosphatase/antialkaline-phosphatase method for phenotyping fresh human leukemias, we could demonstrate peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived blast cells to specifically react with two monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), H25 and H366, previously shown to recognize natural killer cells, activated T lymphocytes and a proportion of normal hematopoietic precursor cells. MoAbs H25 and H366 were found to identify the majority of leukemic cells in patients presenting with T-ALL, LGL leukemia, pre-B-ALL, CML, and AML, respectively.
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PMID:Immunophenotypic demonstration of two natural killer surface markers, H25 and H366, on fresh human leukemic cells. 251 21

An 81-year-old woman was admitted, complained general malaise, and edema on face and lower extremities. In the peripheral blood, leucocytosis (17,220/mm3), microcytic hypochromic anemia (RBC 348 x 10(4)/mm3, Hb 9.6 g/dl, Ht 29.2%), and thrombocytosis (130 x 10(4)/mm3) were present, and many myeloid cells containing of myeloblasts, promyelocytes and so on were observed. Bone marrow aspiration revealed increment of the myeloid series without hiatus leukemia . The Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase score and rate was low, and on bone marrow scintigram using indium chloride, liver and extremities were shown. On admission, proteinuria (21.5 g/dl) and hypoalbuminemia (2.5 g/day) were pointed out, and the renal biopsy specimen showed membraneous proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), so we diagnosed this case that chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) complicated with nephrotic syndrome. At first, she was treated with prednisolone, but proteinuria was not entirely improved, then busulfan was given, myeloid cells in peripheral blood were disappeared and proteinuria was gradually decreased. From this coarse, the causality between CML and nephrotic syndrome was verified.
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PMID:[A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia complicated with nephrotic syndrome]. 252 82

Immunophenotypic classification of the acute leukemias (AcL) is of well documented value in those of lymphoid or uncertain origin and of increasing importance in those of nonlymphoid origin. Most of these studies have been performed on viable cell suspensions. To study the efficacy of a simpler immunohistochemical approach to the classification of the acute leukemias requiring only peripheral blood smears, 15 AcL (including three CGL-BC) were studied using an immunoalkaline phosphatase method and a panel of anti-lymphoid and anti-myeloid monoclonal antibodies. Routine cytochemistries were also performed (Sudan black, PAS). Using immunohistochemistry, five cases marked as common ALL (four were undifferentiated by cytochemistry, one ALL), eight cases as ANLL (all ANLL by cytochemistry) and two cases marked only with anti-HLA-DR (AUL by cytochemistry). These results show that immunophenotypic analysis of AUL, ALL and ANLL can be successfully performed even when only air dried peripheral blood smears are available.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical classification of acute leukemias using peripheral blood smears. 355 50

The proteolytic modification of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2) was studied during apoptosis in the human promyelocytic leukaemic NB4 cell line during treatment with the phosphatase inhibitors okadaic acid and calyculin A as well as the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The apoptic type of cell death was ascertained by morphological and biochemical criteria. In cell homogenates PAI-2 was probed by [125I]urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and detected as a sodium dodecyl sulphate-stable M(r) 80,000 complex after reducing sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. During apoptosis a smaller (M(r) 70,000) uPA-PAI-2 complex was consistently detected. The modification was in the PAI-2 moiety, as the [125I]uPA tracer could be extracted in its intact form from the complex. Thus the cleaved PAI-2 isoform is a biochemical marker of apoptosis in the promyelocytic NB4 cell line. The modified PAI-2 isoform was also detected in homogenates made from purified human mononuclear leukaemic cells aspirated from the bone marrow of patients suffering from acute and chronic myeloid leukaemia.
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PMID:Cleaved intracellular plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 in human myeloleukaemia cells is a marker of apoptosis. 794 88


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