Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ABH carbohydrate antigens are cell surface carbohydrates which occur in three allelic forms, namely A, B and O blood groups. It is unknown how the ABO blood group is expressed in hemopoietic stem cells. In an attempt to verify the ABO mRNA expression in hemopoietic precursor cells, mRNAs were isolated from human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines which are believed to be at the most immature level of hemopoietic differentiation among hemopoietic malignancies. In particular, K-562 and KOPM-28 cells were used with the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique for amplifying ABO gene transcripts. The amplified ABO cDNAs from two cell lines were characterized by the digestion of Kpn-I restriction enzyme. The blood types were determined by polymerase chain reaction of the specific allele (PASA) method. Both of the human chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines expressed ABO mRNA. The quantity of ABO mRNA in the K-562 cell line is significantly higher than that of the KOPM-28 cell line. The ABO blood type of these two cell lines was type O. Because the CML cell lines are presumed to be at the immature stem cell level of hematopoietic cell differentiation and because it is believed that the cultured cell lines from hematologic malignancy reflect the characteristics of normal corresponding hemopoietic cells, the hemopoietic stem cells should express mRNA of the ABO blood group.
 ...
PMID:Detection of histo-blood group ABO mRNA in human chronic myeloid leukemia cell lines using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 1007 69

The author engaged himself in the studies of ABO blood group system for the last three decades, and reviewed the progresses in this period, which were classified into following 5 items. 1. H-, A- and B-active oligosaccharides were isolated from the globoside fractions from human erythrocytes by ozonolysis. One of the H-active oligosaccharide with short carbohydrate chain is a pentasaccharide: Fuc(alpha 1-->2)Gal(beta 1-->4)GlcNAc(beta 1-->3)Gal(beta 1-->4)Glc, and the other with long carbohydrate chain is a heptasaccharide: Fuc(alpha 1-->2)Gal(beta 1-->4)GlcNAc(beta 1-->3)Gal(beta 1-->4)GlcNAc(beta 1-->3)Gal(beta 1-->4)Glc. Hexa- or octasaccharides with blood group A- or B-activity have an additional alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyl residue or alpha-galactosyl residue, which joints with alpha 1-->3 linkage to subterminal beta-galactose of the both of H-active oligosaccharides, respectively. 2. A blood group A-gene specified alpha-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase (A-enzyme) catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine from the UDP-sugar to the subterminal beta-galactosyl residue of blood group H-active carbohydrate chain, and a blood group B-gene specified alpha-galactosyltransferase (B-enzyme) catalyzes the transfer of galactose from the UDP-sugar to the subterminal beta-galactosyl residue of blood group H-active carbohydrate chain, respectively. Either the A- or B-enzyme can not transfer the substrate sugar to the carbohydrate chain lacking alpha-fucosyl residue of H-determinant, and it is the reason why the synthesis of blood group A- or B-antigenic structure in inhibited in the tissues of Bombay phenotype and in the secretory glands of the nonsecretor. 3. Specific antibody either to the A- or B-enzyme can be introduced in the serum of the rabbit which was immunized with the A- or B-enzyme preparation, respectively. And immunological cross reaction is also present between the A- and B-enzyme, but the immunologically cross reactive material can not be found in the blood group O individual. The absence of immunologically cross reactive material in the blood group O individual is supported by a fact that the cross reactive antibody similar to the antibody in rabbit serum was present in the serum of the chronic myeloid leukemia patient, who was belonged to blood group B and treated with blood group incompatible bone marrow transplantation from blood group O donor, because it is acceptable to speculate that the grafted lymphocytes react to the B-enzyme in the recipient and produce the anti-enzyme antibody. 4. The immunological profiles described above are compatible with the cDNA structures of human blood group ABO alleles presented by Yamamoto F. et al. Their gene model is that the cDNAs of blood group ABO alleles are highly homologous, but the cDNA of common O allele is non-functional due to a single nucleotide deletion close to the 5'end of the coding sequence, which causes a frame shift of the codon, and results in truncated peptide. 5. Transcription of the human blood group ABO gene can be enhanced by a CBF/NF-Y which binds the minisatellite on the 5'-upstream sequence of the gene.
 ...
PMID:[Past and present studies on ABO blood group system]. 1007 71

The ABO blood group is the most important blood group system in transfusion medicine and organ transplantation. To date, more than 160 ABO alleles have been identified by molecular investigation. Almost all ABO genotyping studies have been performed in blood donors and families and for investigation of ABO subgroups detected serologically. The aim of the present study was to perform ABO genotyping in patients with leukemia. Blood samples were collected from 108 Brazilian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (N = 69), chronic lymphoid leukemia (N = 13), acute myeloid leukemia (N = 15), and acute lymphoid leukemia (N = 11). ABO genotyping was carried out using allele specific primer polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA sequencing. ABO*O01 was the most common allele found, followed by ABO*O22 and by ABO*A103. We identified 22 new ABO*variants in the coding region of the ABO gene in 25 individuals with leukemia (23.2%). The majority of ABO variants was detected in O alleles (15/60.0%). In 5 of 51 samples typed as blood group O (9.8%), we found non-deletional ABO*O alleles. Elucidation of the diversity of this gene in leukemia and in other diseases is important for the determination of the effect of changes in an amino acid residue on the specificity and activity of ABO glycosyltransferases and their function. In conclusion, this is the first report of a large number of patients with leukemia genotyped for ABO. The findings of this study indicate that there is a high level of recombinant activity in the ABO gene in leukemia patients, revealing new ABO variants.
 ...
PMID:ABO genotyping in leukemia patients reveals new ABO variant alleles. 1827 24

Recent studies have found that ABO blood group antigen is also closely related to the onset and development of many diseases. More and more attention is being paid to the decrease of A/B blood group antigen caused by some tumors. This study was purpose to investigate the correlation between DNA methylation of the ABO gene promoter CpG island and leukemia. The relative contents of ABH antigen on the surface of RBC from kinds of blood disease patients and healthy individuals were detected by using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The DNA sequences and CpG methylation of ABO gene promoter in patients with hematopathy and healthy individuals, as well as the -102 site methylation of ABO gene promoter in patients with hematopathy and healthy individuals were detected by PCR and MSP-PCR respectively. The results showed that RBC from leukemia patients displayed different degree of A/B antigen decrease. The sequences of ABO gene promotor of patients with hematopathy were not different from healthy individuals indicating high conservation of promoter sequences. Comparison of sequences between patients with hematopathy and healthy individual indicated that CpG islands on ABO gene promoter either from blood disease patients or from healthy individual had no methylated site in AA patients, but C residues at position -102, -101, -100, -99 and -97 on the promoter of ABO gene in AML, CML, ALL and some MDS patients were methylated. It is concluded that methylation of CpG islands in promoter of ABO gene may result in AB antigen decrease in patients with leukemia. The methylation sites -102, -101, -100, -99 and -97 may be specific for leukemia. The methylation of site -102 can be used as a molecular marker in differential diagnosis for leukemias.
 ...
PMID:[Correlation between DNA methylation of the ABO gene promoter CpG island and leukemia]. 1842 41

This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficiency and complications after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens in hematologic malignancies. 10 patients (6 CML patients, 2 AML patients, 1 ALL patient and 1 NHL patient) underwent related allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens. The conditioning regimens consisted of "FLU + CY + TBI" basically and was appropriately improved in accordance with status of patients. Cyclosporin A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were used to prevent the graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Detection of bone marrow cells, chromosomes, fused gene, ABO blood group and STR-PCR were used to observe engraftment, relapse, GVHD, transplantation- related complications (TRC) after transplantation and to evaluate patients quality of life. The results showed that the 10 patients successfully accepted the transplantation and their primary diseases were cured. In one patient, severe pulmonary infection happened, and in another one CMV infection occurred. Grade IV of acute GVHD occurred in one case and grade I of acute GVHD in 2 cases, the no chronic GVHD appeared. 5 patients relapsed after transplantation at various time points, the donor lymphocytes infusion (DLI) or drugs rescued these 5 patients. During median follow-up of 5 - 35 months, 2 out of which died, 8 survived, the overall survival rate was 80%, and the survivors live in a high-quality life. In conclusion, the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning regimens was feasible with relatively low toxicity for recipients. GVHD and TRC were low, and life quality of patients after transplantation was high. DLI could cure the primary diseases even relapsed after transplantation.
 ...
PMID:[Therapeutic effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning regimens on hematological malignancies]. 1854 40