Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of Ph1 positive acute leukaemia is presented in which an additional chromosome change, monosomy 7 was found. There was no clinical evidence of a pre-existing chronic myeloid leukaemia. Cytochemistry and immunology showed a predominant HLA-DR+, TdT+, cALL- phenotype, with a small percentage of HLA-DR+, Leu-Ml+ and cALL- cells. The true biphenotypic nature of this case was clearly shown by transmission electron microscopy using the immunogold method combined with myeloperoxidase (MPO). Two distinct phenotypes, lymphoid (cALL+, MPO-) and myeloid (LeuMl+, MPO+) were identified with this technique. An immuno-scanning electron microscope technique was also used to study this case, which demonstrated the presence of two different surface morphologies.
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PMID:Biphenotypic Philadelphia positive, monosomy seven acute leukaemia: ultrastructural immunocytochemical study. 345 30

A 27-yr-old man developed blastic crisis after the chronic phase of Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The blast cells expressed terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)+/common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA)+ phenotypes, corresponding to common ALL type. A vincristine plus prednisolone regimen initially suppressed the blastic proliferation, but the blasts soon reappeared as lymphoblasts, and 65% of them possessed basophil-like granules. Immunologic markers were not altered. The blasts were negative for myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B and periodic acid-Schiff reactions, but were positive for toluidine blue (TB) stain and supravital peroxidase (PO) stain using diaminobenzidine (DAB). These blasts were considered to have immature basophil granules. The supravital staining, for TB or PO in combination with fluorescinated-CALLA staining, directly revealed that single blasts expressed both basophil and lymphoid markers. This biphenotypic blast population was found to be a distinct clone from the initial crisis clone by cytogenetic examination. These findings suggest that the CML clone is derived from a multipotent stem cell common to lymphoid and myeloid lineages, or that dual markers may be expressed on transformed lymphoid or basophil clone as the result of differentiation infidelity probably determined by the genetic derangement in acute crisis.
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PMID:Dual expression of lymphoid/basophil markers on single blast cells transformed from chronic myeloid leukemia. 346 36

A new Ph1-chromosome positive cell line, KOPM-28. was established from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis. KOPM-28 cells were phenotypically immature: without azurophilic granules; negative for myeloperoxidase and positive for specific and nonspecific esterases. The nonspecific esterase reaction was intensified by TPA, and retinoic acid reinforced the specific esterase reaction without inducing morphological changes. KOPM-28 cells were not phagocytic. The cells expressed complement receptors, myeloid-monocytoid antigens, an Ia-like antigen and T4 antigen. CALLA, T-lymphocyte specific antigens, B-lymphocyte related antigen and platelet-megakaryocyte-megakaryoblast specific antigen were not detected. KOPM-28 cells formed colonies in semi-solid medium; this ability was augmented by GM-CSA. The addition of culture medium conditioned by KOPM-28 cells to normal bone marrow cells resulted in the increase of the CFU-C colonies. These findings indicate that KOPM-28 cells have features of myeloid and monocytoid precursor cells and that they are producing substance(s) which stimulates normal CFU-C.
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PMID:Ph1-positive CML-derived myeloid-monocytoid precursor cell line producing substance(s) that stimulates normal CFU-C. 349 66

A MCA raised against the human acute myelogenous leukaemia cell line KG1 reacted with only KG1 among 26 haematopoietic cell lines covering the major lineages. It reacted with early myeloid (M1/2), 1 of 2 acute myelomonocytic (M4) and most non-B non-T leukaemias, including blast crises of CGL. Among M1-AML cells, both MPO+ and MPO- blasts were BI-3C5+. Blasts in 3 Tdt+ M1-AMLs were simultaneously BI-3C5+. BI-3C5 reacted with 4% cells in normal BM, many of which were histologically recognisable as myeloid precursors. 8-15% of BI-3C5+ cells in BM were simultaneously Tdt+, and all were weakly Ia antigen+. BI-3C5 was unreactive with all peripheral leucocytes, with M3 and M5 AMLs, with lymphoid and myeloid leukaemias of "mature" phenotype (T-ALL, B-ALL, CLL, CGL) and with non-haematopoietic cell lines. BI-3C5 precipitated a 120K moiety from 125I-labelled KG1 membranes. It was not blocked by J5 anti-cALLA. The potential use of BI-3C5 in the classification of acute leukaemias is discussed.
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PMID:A novel monoclonal antibody BI-3C5 recognises myeloblasts and non-B non-T lymphoblasts in acute leukaemias and CGL blast crises, and reacts with immature cells in normal bone marrow. 385 2

We have studied, by ultrastructural morphology and immunocytochemistry, the alterations that occur in cells from the HL60 leukaemia cell line and from patients with CGL following incubation in vitro with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 2-5 days. The main morphological changes observed were in the nuclear shape, the development of autophagic vacuoles and the appearance of a population of small granules in the cytoplasm. These changes were associated with a significant reduction in MPO activity and increased expression of membrane antigens detected by the monocyte-specific McAb FMC17 and FMC32, as shown by the IGM at EM level, and a decrease in granulocyte-specific antigens demonstrated by the McAb FMC10. These observations suggest that promyelocytes and myelocytes could transform into monocyte-like cells and that this remodelling of cells was associated with autophagic digestion of cellular structures.
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PMID:Monocytic differentiation induced by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in myeloid cells: an ultrastructural immunocytochemical study. 385 11

The expression of two membrane antigens identified by the monoclonal antibodies (McAb) My9 and 3C5 has been investigated in cells from 80 acute leukemias. My9 was positive in the blasts of 33 out of the 38 (87 per cent) cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tested, regardless of FAB subtype, and in 13 of 18 (72 per cent) cases of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) in myeloid blast crisis. The reactivity of 3C5 was confined to myeloblastic (M1) AML, 85 per cent of cases, and to lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of B-lineage, 70 per cent of cases, including CGL in lymphoid transformation. My9 was negative in ALL except for an unusual case. The phenotype My9+, 3C5+ was seen exclusively in M1 (69 per cent) and M2 (14 per cent) AML. Ultrastructural analysis with the immunogold method in combination with the myeloperoxidase (MPO) reaction showed that expression of My9 increased in parallel with MPO activity whereas 3C5 was expressed mainly in myeloblasts with little MPO content. We conclude that the use of these two McAb will contribute to the diagnosis and classification of AML and may throw some light to the pathogenesis of biphenotypic acute leukemias, including TdT + AML.
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PMID:Characterization of myeloid leukemias with monoclonal antibodies 3C5 and MY9. 386 40

A 42-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) developed acute transformation associated with subcutaneous tumors. Histopathologic examinations of the tumors were done on two occasions; the first study revealed reticulum cell sarcoma-like features, and the second suggested a blastoma. Chromosomal analysis showed that the cells of the tumors originated from the CML clone. The cells had a negative reaction for myeloperoxidase by electron microscopy. Furthermore, biochemical and surface marker studies revealed that the tumor cells contained a significant terminal transferase activity. However, they did not express E- or EAC-rosette receptors, Ia-like antigens, or common ALL antigens.
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PMID:Characterization of extramedullary tumors in a case of Ph-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia: possible involvement of immature T lymphocytes. 387 50

In human leukemic myeloblasts, the granule enzymes beta-glucuronidase, myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase were associated with light particles of varying densities that were separable from each other by means of zonal density gradient centrifugation. In more mature granulocytic cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia the three enzymes merged within a single group of denser particles; such particles were absent in myeloblasts. Myeloblast particles had two to three times higher activity of beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase, but only one-tenth of the myeloperoxidase activity. Some of the cationic proteins and lysozyme were not found in leukemic myeloblasts but were present in particles of chronic myelogenous leukemia; alkaline phosphatase was absent from both types of leukemic cells.
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PMID:Granule assembly in precursors of human leukemia granulocytes. 451 81

A technique for dual staining of cells using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) is described. The technique has been applied to cells of two patients. One patient had chronic myelomonocytic leukemia evolving into acute myelomonocytic leukemia. The other patient had chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. Our findings indicate that TdT and MPO are exclusive markers except for a rare precursor cell with dual staining in one patient. This study supports the concept of acute mixed leukemia.
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PMID:Simultaneous evaluation for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and myeloperoxidase in leukemia. 628 39

Neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was analysed semi-quantitatively both by (i) MPO-scoring of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and (ii) counting the MPO-deficient PMN (PMN lacking MPO) in 164 subjects (60 cases of leukaemia and 104 normal humans). The scoring method showed that 10 out of 21 (48%) cases of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), 2 out of 10 (20%) cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), 0 out of 29 cases of lymphoid leukaemia (ALL + CLL), and 1 out of 104 normal humans had decreased MPO scores. These figures correlated well with the more simple counting of PMN lacking MPO in the same groups: 8 out of 21 (37%) cases of AML, 6 out of 10 (60%) cases of CML and 0 out of 29 cases of lymphoid leukaemia showing more than 4% PMN lacking MPO. In cases of otherwise unclassifiable acute leukaemia, a decreased MPO score and an increased number of MPO-deficient PMN suggests the diagnosis of AML and not ALL. Counting the number of PMN lacking MPO was found to be a time-saving and even more reliable method than the semiquantitative scoring of MPO activity in PMN.
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PMID:Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes. (I) Incidence in untreated myeloid leukaemia, lymphoid leukaemia and normal humans. 630 66


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