Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the haematologic, cytogenetic and molecular features in a patient with Ph positive ALL. The cytogenetic study showed the presence of a Ph chromosome since diagnosis. Molecular analysis showed rearrangement within the first intron of bcr gen instead of M-bcr as in CML. This an evidence of genic fusion between c-abl oncogene and bcr gene and also show the possibility of rearrangement outside M-bcr in these patients.
Sangre (Barc) 1991 Dec
PMID:[Philadelphia-positive ALL with rearrangement of the 1st intron of the BCR gene]. 181 84

Recently, Molecular genetics has remarkably advanced and it is introduced in medicine. The use of recombinant DNA methods for the diagnosis of leukemias is reported with special reference to the contribution of cytogenetic findings, such as specific chromosome aberrations previously obtained. Therefore, cytogenetic studies on Ph1 chromosome and other specific aberrations found in leukemias are historically reviewed. Using Southern blotting, PFGE, PCR, and in situ chromosome mapping techniques we have analyzed many cases with CML and cases with ALL. We found M-bcr rearrangements not only in standard Ph1, but also in complex types and in Ph1 (-) ve CML. Chromosomal in situ hybridization was very informative identifying transposition of bcr and abl genes between chromosomes 22 and 9. In this connection, FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) technique was developed by us, which is expected to have an exceptional power of analysis. ALL had either M-bcr or m-bcr rearrangements, the latter being identified by PFGE. Next, application of PCR technique that enables to obtain more than 10(5) copies of target sequences could monitor minimal residual diseases in CML. Recently, the relevant gene were cloned respectively in FAB-M2 and APL (FAB-M3), so that detection of minimal residual diseases will be successfully performed in these types of leukemia. Finally, targeting chemotherapy using antisense sequences is prospectively described.
Hum Cell 1991 Dec
PMID:[Advances in molecular genetic diagnosis of leukemia]. 181 42

A prospective randomised trial was performed in patients given HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplants for haematological malignancy comparing the combination of cyclosporin and methotrexate (CM) (n = 20) with the combination of cyclosporin, methotrexate and prednisolone (CMP) (n = 21) as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). There was no significant differences between the two arms for the incidence of acute GVHD grades I-IV, acute GVHD grades II-IV, chronic GVHD, interstitial pneumonitis, relapse, survival and disease-free survival. The actuarial incidence of acute GVHD grades II-IV in the CMP group was 10% and in the CM group 15% (ns). The incidence of leukaemic relapse in good risk patients was 42% in the CMP group and 40% in the CM group (ns), although the majority of these relapses were cytogenetic relapses only in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. The incidence of acute GVHD grades II-IV in both arms of the current trial was significantly lower than in our previous trial comparing cyclosporin and methotrexate as single agents. Leukaemic relapse is now the principal cause of treatment failure in this patient population. We conclude that prednisolone should not be included as part of the prophylactic GVHD regime and that further improvement in therapeutic outcome is dependent upon better control of the underlying malignancy.
Aust N Z J Med 1991 Dec
PMID:A prospective randomised trial of cyclosporin and methotrexate versus cyclosporin, methotrexate and prednisolone for prevention of graft-versus-host disease after HLA-identical sibling marrow transplantation for haematological malignancy. 181 44

Characteristic features of the leukemia among atomic bomb survivors were studied. Dose estimates of atomic bomb radiation were based on T65D, but the new dosimetry system DS86 was used for some analyses. The ratio of a single leukemia type to all leukemias was highest for CML in Hiroshima, and the occurrence of CML was thought to be most characteristic to atomic bomb radiation induced leukemia. The threshold of CML occurrence in Hiroshima is likely to be between 0.5-0.09 Gy. However, the threshold of acute leukemia appears to be nearly 1 Gy. In the distribution of AML subtypes by FAB classification, there was no M3 case in 1 Gy or more group, although several atypical AML cases of survivors were observed. Although aplastic anemia has not increased as a late effect of the atomic bomb radiation exposure, many atypical leukemia or other myeloproliferative diseases who had been diagnosed as aplastic anemia or its related diseases have been experienced among atomic bomb survivors. Chromosome study was conducted using colony forming cells induced by hemopoietic stem cells of peripheral blood of proximal survivors. Same chromosome aberrations were observed in colony forming cells and peripheral T-cells in several atomic bomb survivors.
J Radiat Res 1991 Dec
PMID:Atomic bomb and leukemia. 182 51

Seventy five radiation-related leukemia patients in Hiroshima including 16 patients exposed to more than one Gray were cytogenetically examined. Statistical analysis of data on the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in the survivor groups according to bone marrow doses by DS86 estimation revealed that the heavily exposed group tended to have significantly higher aberration rates compared to the non-exposed group. Furthermore, the chromosomal aberrations in the survivors were observed to be of a more complex nature and had the characteristic findings of secondary leukemia. These observations therefore suggest that patients with a history of heavy exposure to atomic bomb radiation had leukemic cells originating from a stem cell which had been damaged by irradiation at the time of the bombing as well as cells involved in complex chromosome abnormalities. Molecular biologic studies on ras genes in acute and chronic leukemias and the bcr gene in chronic myelocytic leukemia were performed in exposed and non-exposed groups. So far, no distinctive differences have been observed in the frequency and sites of point mutations in N- and K-ras genes or in the rearrangement of the bcr gene. Further, retrospective analysis using DNA from leukemia patients who developed this disease in the early period from atomic bomb radiation exposure would be useful for the elucidation of the mechanisms of radiation-induced leukemia.
J Radiat Res 1991 Dec
PMID:Cytogenetic and molecular changes in leukemia among atomic bomb survivors. 182 62

This study was undertaken in order to estimate the incidence of leukemia among Koreans. Medical records were studied of patients with diagnoses of either ICD-9 038 (septicemia), or 204-208 (leukemias), or 284 (aplastic anemia), or 289 (other diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs) in the claims sent in by medical care institutions throughout the country to the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC) during the period from January 1, 1986 to December 31, 1987. These records were abstracted in order to identify and confirm new cases of leukemia among the beneficiaries of KMIC, which covers about 10% of the whole Korean population. Using these data from the KMIC, the incidence rates of leukemia among Koreans were estimated as of July 1st, 1986 to June 30, 1987. The crude incidence rate of all types of leukemia among Koreans is estimated to be 3.45 (95% CI; 0.77-9.55) and 2.29 (95% CI; 0.28-7.81) per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. The cumulative rate for the age span 0-64 is 0.25% in males and 0.18% in females, and for the age span 0-74, 0.35% in males and 0.23% in females. The adjusted rates for the standard world population are 3.90 and 2.48 per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. The relative frequencies by type are 51.5% for AML, 21.6% for ALL, 20.2% for CML, and only 1.5% for CLL. The incidence patterns of various types of leukemia, of which this is the first report in Korea, are analyzed and presented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Korean Med Sci 1991 Dec
PMID:Incidence estimation of leukemia among Koreans. 184 38

Medical cost has increasingly become an important problem in the medical practice. As one of the useful fields of computer in the hospital, we have analyzed the costs of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation in patients with leukemia who were diagnosed between 1983 and 1986 and followed up till Dec. 1989. For CML the difference in the cost was 5 million yen and a survival rate was 75% and was higher in BMT than in chemotherapy. For Acute leukemia the difference of the costs was 8 million yen and survival rates were 89% and 30%. These data may show that BMT is a very effective and economical treatment for leukemia. In this study we have analyzed only the direct medical cost paid by the governmental insurance, however there seems necessary many other costs which are not covered by the insurance such as the cost for the family members, the cost for cryopreservation of cells and sterilization tentatively covered by the hospital or the cost of blood or marrow bank which are covered or should be covered by the government. Evaluation of the treatment outcome by the parameters such as length and quality of life, productivity of the patient, prevention of the loss of social investment including education on the patient, seemed also necessary for justification of the medical cost.
 ...
PMID:[Cost of leukemia treatment]. 185 12

Thirty-two cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) were studied to determine whether there was a correlation between the position of the chromosome breakpoint within the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) on chromosome 22 and the type of chimeric mRNA expression. One case with the chromosome breakpoint in zone 2 of the major bcr (Mbcr) and six cases with breakpoints in zone 3 expressed Mbcr exon 2-abl (b2-a) mRNA, and they were in distinguishable at the level of mRNA expression. The remaining ten cases with breakpoints in zone 3 and all ten cases with breakpoints in zone 4 expressed Mbcr exon 3-abl (b3-a) mRNA with or without b2-a mRNA. Three cases with breakpoints in zone 5 expressed b3-a mRNA, and none of these expressed Mbcr exon 4-abl(b4-a) mRNA. The cases with breakpoints in zones 4 or 5 had b3-a mRNA expression indistinguishable from those with breakpoints in zone 3. In two patients, the breakpoint in the bcr could not be determined by Southern hybridization using the 3' bcr probe or the large bcr probe. However, when analyzed for chimeric mRNA expression, both of them exhibited b3-a chimeric mRNA, suggesting the possibility that the entire Mbcr is deleted in the majority of leukemic cells in these patients. These studies indicate that Southern hybridization analysis combined with the polymerase chain reaction assay is a useful approach to understanding the pathologic role of bcr-abl gene recombination and expression in the development of CML.
Cancer 1991 Dec 01
PMID:Molecular studies of chronic myelogenous leukemia using the polymerase chain reaction. 193 79

The molecular events that allow for clonal expansion of the malignant population in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) are poorly understood. Recent experiments in transgenic mice suggest a close temporal relationship between expression of the aberrant protein and manifestation of a hematologic neoplasm that resembles CML; tracing the same phenomenon in humans has not been possible. We studied a patient who underwent autologous bone marrow harvest after completion of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for advanced stage Hodgkin's disease. At the time of harvest his peripheral blood counts and bone marrow were morphologically normal. Sixteen months later he developed the clinical manifestations of CML. Detailed molecular evaluation of the harvested marrow showed that a small number of cells contained the Philadelphia chromosome. The time interval required for expansion of the malignant clone, as suggested by this particular patient, was at least 16 months although it is recognized that this figure may be variable.
Blood 1991 Dec 01
PMID:Duration of the preclinical phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia: a case report. 195 84

Serial cytogenetic studies were performed on 60 leukemic recipients of HLA-matched bone marrow transplants (BMT) who were prepared by high doses of alkylating agents and fractionated total body irradiation (TBI). Forty-three patients were recipients of untreated BMT and 17 were recipients of T-depleted BMT. Donor or host mitoses were identified by examination of sex chromosomes in 54 patients or by evaluation of the polymorphism of other chromosomes after specific banding in six patients. Mixed lymphoid chimerism (MLC) was identified in 29 patients and full donor lymphoid chimerism (FDLC) in 29 patients. Complete donor hematopoiesis was recovered in most patients after 12 months, but two T-depleted patients had persistent host cells at 46 and 52 months after the graft. Acute graft-versus-host disease was significantly less frequent in patients with MLC, especially when more than 10% of residual lymphoid cells were detected. The probability of relapse and survival was identical in patients with MLC and FDLC, except in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia where MLC was significantly associated with an increased risk of relapse.
Blood 1991 Dec 01
PMID:Influence of mixed chimerism on the results of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemia. 195 96


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