Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The development of cancer is generally believed to occur by a multistep process in which critical genetic defects accumulate in a clone of cells, confer a growth advantage, and result in the emergence of more malignant subclones. This paper describes the clonal origin of cells in a patient with Philadelphia-chromosome negative, M-bcr rearrangement-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia, observed in two episodes of lymphoid blast crisis (BC), the intervening chronic phases (CP), and following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Serial analysis of immunoglobulin heavy and kappa light chain (IgJH, IgCK), beta-T-cell receptor (beta-TcR) and bcr major breakpoint cluster region (M-bcr) gene rearrangements was performed. Clonal IgJH rearrangements present in cells of the first lymphoblastic crisis (BC1) were altered during the chronic phase post-treatment (CP1), and were again altered in recurrent blast crisis (BC2). In addition, the M-bcr gene rearrangement present in BC1 and CP1 was absent from cells in BC2. These observations suggest that the course of clinical neoplastic disorders may not always be characterized simply by a hierarchical process of clonal evolution, but may also involve clonal succession of malignant cells. Moreover, the deletion of M-bcr in recurrent BC suggests that bcr/abl may not be essential for the maintenance of cell growth in established BC.
 ...
PMID:Clonal succession and deletion of bcr/abl sequences in chronic myelogenous leukemia with recurrent lymphoid blast crisis. 194 28

We have determined the arrangement and expression of immunoglobulin (Ig) and beta-T-cell receptor (TCR) genes in six established Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph1) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) cell lines, and correlated these results with their phenotypic characteristics. Three cell lines with nonlymphoid characteristics, EM2, EM3, and K562, did not demonstrate rearrangement or expression of Ig or beta-TCR genes. A new cell line, MB, with a mature B-cell phenotype recently established in our laboratory, contained light and heavy chain immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and expressed mature Ig RNA. In a cell line with an early lymphoid phenotype, BV173, this analysis showed rearrangement of Ig heavy chain and beta-TCR genes, unrearranged Ig light chain DNA, and expression of only an immature beta-TCR transcript. This line provides evidence for T-cell lineage involvement in Ph1 CML. One cell line without markers of any cell type, KCL-22, demonstrated rearranged, unexpressed Ig heavy chain genes, suggesting these cells are at the very earliest stages of lymphoid differentiation. These lines should provide valuable tools to dissect the molecular biology of differentiation in CML and in early lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:Rearrangement and expression of beta-T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes in established Ph1 chronic myelogenous leukemia cell lines. 255 59

Most data suggest that malignant transformation in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) occurs in hematopoietic stem cell that is the progenitor of myelopoiesis and of B but not T lymphopoiesis. We established a T-lymphoid cell line (CML-T1) from a person with Ph-chromosome-negative CML in acute phase. Evidence of its T-lymphocyte origin includes the pattern cytochemical reactivity, reactivity with anti-T-cell monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), and rearrangement of the beta-T-cell receptor (TCRB) gene. CML-T1 cells have features of type IV thymocytes. Cytogenetic analyses indicate a 47,XX, del(11), t(6;7)(q23;q24), +mar karyotype. CML-T1 cells exhibit molecular changes typical of CML, including translocation of the ABL protooncogene from chromosome 9 to 22, rearrangement of the BCR gene, and transcription of a chimeric BCR-ABL messenger RNA (mRNA). The ABL insertion on chromosome 22 appears interstitial, similar to other cases of Ph-chromosome-negative CML. These data clearly indicate that T cells can be involved in acute-phase CML. CML-T1 should be useful in studying this process as well as that underlying Ph-chromosome-negative CML.
 ...
PMID:CML-T1: a cell line derived from T-lymphocyte acute phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia. 278 68