Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukocytes were obtained from 14 healthy subjects, one patient with the infantile form, two patients with the adult variant of acid maltase deficiency, two patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia, two patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and two patients with chronic lymphotic leukemia. In addition, lymphocytes were prepared from three normal subjects, and five established lymphoid lines were used. Cells were extracted either with Triton 0, 2%, or with water followed by 0.2% Triton. alpha-Glucosidase activity was measured in water homogenates, water extracts after centrifugation, and Triton extracts, with or without antisera directed against acid maltase (EC 3.2.1.3) and renal maltase (EC 3.2.1.20). The percentage of acid and renal maltases was then calculated in each soluble fraction. Normal whole leukocytes (mostly granulocytes) contain both acid and "renal" maltases, whereas normal lymphocytes contain very little or no "renal maltase." This isozyme is present in chronic myelocytic leukemia, but is absent in acute myeloid and chronic lymphocytic leukemia as well as in established lymphoid lines. Acid maltase is almost completely extracted with water, whereas renal maltase is extracted only with Triton. From the results, it appears that for the diagnosis of alpha glucosidase deficiency, cells should be extracted in water and centrifuged before determination. Lymphocytes, which are devoid of renal maltase, are a better diagnostic material than are granulocytes.
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PMID:White blood cells and the diagnosis of alpha-glucosidase deficiency. 676 91

Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance studies have been carried out on bone marrow of normal human subjects and patients with leukemia: chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It was observed that the proton spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) value was discriminatory in the normal and leukemic cases with a statistical significance of (p less than 0.01). Ouabain treatment of cells did not show any perceptible change of T1 value when compared with the nontreated cells, indicating that the concomitant cation effluxes do not affect spin-lattice relaxation time. The water contents of normal, leukemic, and ouabain treated cells were in the range 60%-80%. Higher Fe levels were encountered in the normal than the leukemic samples, while levels of Zn, Cu, Mn, Co, and Ni were elevated in the leukemic samples compared with the normals. Despite the T1 differences observed, the multiparameter studies do not uniquely pinpoint factors responsible for the elevation of T1 in the malignant state.
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PMID:Distinction between normal and leukemic bone marrow by water protons nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times. 696 35

We describe a rapid and efficient RT-PCR method particularly suited to procedures involving limited cell and target gene copy numbers. Purified leukocytes and myeloid colonies derived from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase were used for direct RT-PCR. Purified cells and colonies were lysed using a small quantity of DEPC-treated water containing RNasin as an RNA inhibitor. The untreated lysate was either used immediately for RT-PCR or frozen at -70 degrees C for later use. By this method we were able to consistently amplify bcr-abl transcripts from as few as 10 cells. No noticeable difference was observed between products amplified from fresh and frozen samples.
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PMID:Rapid RT-PCR amplification from limited cell numbers. 752 23

The synthesis of some bromine-substituted rhodamine derivatives viz., 4,5-dibromorhodamine methyl ester (dye 2) and 4,5-dibromorhodamine n-butyl ester (dye 3) are reported. These dyes were synthesized to promote a more efficient cancer cell photosensitizer for potential use in in vitro bone marrow purging in preparation for autologous bone marrow transplantation. Spectroscopic and photophysical characterization of these dyes together with rhodamine 123 (dye 1) are reported in water, methanol, ethanol and also in a microheterogeneous system, sodium dodecyl sulfate. The possible mechanism of photosensitization is characterized in terms of singlet oxygen efficiency of these dyes. Singlet oxygen quantum yields for bromine-substituted dyes are in the range of 0.3-0.5 depending on the solvent. For dye 1 no singlet oxygen production is found. The photodynamic actions of these dyes in different cell lines are tested. It was found that dye 2 and dye 3 are efficient photosensitizers and mediate eradication of K562, EM2, myeloid cell lines (CML) and the SMF-AI rhabdomyosarcoma line.
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PMID:Phototoxicity of some bromine-substituted rhodamine dyes: synthesis, photophysical properties and application as photosensitizers. 865 30

Water-soluble and urea-soluble protein fractions from control and streptozotocin-diabetic rats were analyzed for AGEs with a CML-specific monoclonal anti-AGE antibody and a polyclonal anti-AGE antibody. AGEs, CML in particular, were significantly increased in the diabetic rats whereas aminoguandine treatment resulted in significant decrease in AGEs. The data also confirm that CML, a glycoxidation product, is a major epitope of AGE structures in lenses.
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PMID:Immunochemical evidence for increased formation of advanced glycation end products and inhibition by aminoguanidine in diabetic rat lenses. 942 75

>A study of drinking water contamination and leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) incidence (1979-1987) was conducted in a 75-town study area. Comparing incidence in towns in the highest trichloroethylene (TCE) stratum (>5 microg/l) to towns without detectable TCE yielded an age-adjusted rate ratio (RR) for total leukemia among females of 1.43 (95% CI 1.07-1.90). For females under 20 years old, the RR for acute lymphocytic leukemia was 3.26 (95% CI 1.27-8.15). Elevated RRs were observed for chronic myelogenous leukemia among females and for chronic lymphocytic leukemia among males and females. NHL incidence among women was also associated with the highest TCE stratum (RR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.08-1.70). For diffuse large cell NHL and non-Burkitt's high-grade NHL among females, the RRs were 1.66 (95% CI 1.07-2.59) and 3.17 (95% CI 1.23-8.18), respectively, and 1.59 (95% CI 1.04-2.43) and 1.92 (95% CI 0.54-6.81), respectively, among males. Perchloroethylene (PCE) was associated with incidence of non-Burkitt's high-grade NHL among females, but collinearity with TCE made it difficult to assess relative influences. The results suggest a link between TCE/PCE and leukemia/ NHL incidence. However, the conclusions are limited by potential misclassification of exposure due to lack of individual information on long-term residence, water consumption, and inhalation of volatilized compounds.
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PMID:Drinking Water Contamination and the Incidence of Leukemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. 967 15

We used a recently developed system for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine residual disease in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia. The expression of the Bcr-Abl hybrid oncogene was determined and normalized by using the PBGD housekeeping gene product as endogenous reference. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the assay was tested on cell line K562. A dilution of Bcr-Abl-positive cell line K562 remained positive at up to 250 fg of RNA. 10 copies of Bcr-Abl DNA in water could still be detected. The dynamic range of the method spanned six orders of magnitude. Analysis of 10 identical assays on K562 RNA resulted in a variation of 15%. To test the feasibility of normalization of Bcr-Abl dosage by the PBGD product, we compared the efficiencies of the RT-PCRs in 150 patient analyses. We concluded that PBGD was a suitable and stringent quality control standard. Three patients who were treated with donor leucocyte infusions for chronic myeloid leukaemia who had relapsed after bone marrow transplantation were followed over time. The normalized Bcr-Abl dosage was compared to the results of cytogenetics. Cytogenetic analysis was negative below a normalized Bcr-Abl dose of about 3 x 10(-2). This semi-automated method is fast, sensitive and accurate and enables a high throughput of samples.
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PMID:Quantitation of minimal residual disease in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukaemia patients using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. 972 5

The correlation between pCO2 values in blood and in exhaust gas from the oxygenators was examined during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using one bubble oxygenator and three membrane oxygenators. Forty-seven CPBs were performed, 17 with Compactflow (Dideco, Italy), 10 with Maxima (Medtronic Inc., USA), 10 with Cobe CML (Cobe Laboratories, USA) membrane oxygenators and 10 with Hi-Flex (Dideco, Italy) bubble oxygenators. Blood samples were taken both from arterial and venous lines of the oxygenator. A capnometer was connected to the oxygenator gas exhaust port and CO2 fraction was measured at the time of drawing blood samples. CO2 pressure in the gas phase was calculated from the product of the CO2 fraction and water vapour-corrected barometric pressure. Blood gases were measured at 37 degrees C and the pCO2 value was corrected to the temperature of the arterial line. The correlation between blood and exhaust gas pCO2 was good in all the oxygenators examined, ranging from 0.921 to 0.976. The standard error of estimate (SEE) was in the range of about +/- 2 mmHg for all the oxygenators. The systematic error (slope and intercept of the correlation line) varied depending on the construction of the oxygenator, with countercurrent design having the best overall correspondence. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that arterial or venous CO2 pressure can be monitored with a capnometry device coupled to the oxygenator gas outlet port.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Monitoring of CO2 exchange during cardiopulmonary bypass: the effect of oxygenator design on the applicability of capnometry. 1017 88

Aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of advanced glycation reactions in vitro, inhibits the development of diabetic complications in animal models of diabetes, suggesting that it acts by inhibition of advanced glycation reactions in vivo. However, effects of aminoguanidine on the formation of specific advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in vivo have not been rigorously examined. Therefore, we studied the effects of aminoguanidine on the formation of pentosidine and N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), measured by analytical chemical methods, in collagen of streptozotocin-diabetic Lewis rats at doses which ameliorated urinary albumin excretion, an index of diabetic nephropathy. At 12 weeks, diabetic animals had fivefold higher blood glucose, threefold higher glycated hemoglobin and fivefold higher collagen glycation, compared to metabolically healthy controls; pentosidine and CML in skin collagen were increased by approximately 30 and 150%, respectively. Administration of aminoguanidine, 50 mg/kg by daily intraperitoneal injection, significantly inhibited the development of albuminuria (approximately 60%, P < 0.01) in diabetic rats, without an effect on blood glucose or glycation of hemoglobin or collagen. Surprisingly, aminoguanidine failed to inhibit the increase in pentosidine and CML in diabetic rat skin collagen. Similar results were obtained in an independent experiment in which aminoguanidine was administered in drinking water at a dose of 0.5 g/l. We conclude that the therapeutic benefits of aminoguanidine on albuminuria may not be the result of inhibition of AGE formation.
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PMID:Aminoguanidine inhibits albuminuria, but not the formation of advanced glycation end-products in skin collagen of diabetic rats. 1022 60

Magnetic resonance images of leukemic bone marrow were acquired over large regions of the pelvis and lower abdomen with minimal interference from overlying tissues using diffusion and T(2) weighted echo planar imaging. Data acquisition times were on the order of 1 min for scanning volumes of up to 25 l at a spatial resolution of 31 microl. A survey of 21 patients with leukemia and eight healthy adult volunteers was undertaken to determine the magnitude of the observed effect and its dependence upon specific pathologies. The acquisition methods yielded high-quality segmentation of leukemic bone marrow prior to therapy in seven of seven patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia or chronic myelogenous leukemia, and who had hypercellular (>95%) bone marrow at the time of the study. The quality of the segmentation was sufficient to allow the use of maximum intensity projection images which afforded a convenient evaluation of both intra- and extramedullary disease. The measured signal-to-noise ratios agreed with a theoretical estimate that accounted for the percentage cellularity, T(2) relaxation time of water, and self-diffusion coefficient of water in iliac bone marrow. In addition, the mean signal-to-noise ratios from iliac marrow were strongly dependent upon the time after the initiation of chemotherapeutic regimens, implying that the methods may be useful for therapeutic monitoring.
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PMID:Bone marrow segmentation in leukemia using diffusion and T (2) weighted echo planar magnetic resonance imaging. 1100 12


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