Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In chronic myelocytic leukemia, the human c-abl oncogene is translocated from chromosome 9 to a region on chromosome 22 designated as the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) (A. de Klein, A. Guerts van Kessel, G. Grosveld, C. R. Bartram, A. Hagemeyer, D. Bootsma, N. K. Spurr, N. Heisterkamp, J. Groffen, and J. R. Stephenson, Nature (London) 300:765-767, 1982; J. Groffen, J. R. Stephenson, N. Heisterkamp, A. de Klein, C. R. Bartram, and G. Grosveld, Cell 36:93-99.) Abnormal c-abl homologous mRNA and protein have been detected in the leukemic cells of patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (E. Canaani, D. Stein-Saltz, E. Aghai, R. P. Gale, A. Berrebi, and E. Januszewicz, Lancet 1:593-595, 1984; S. J. Collins and M. T. Groudine, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80:4813-4817, 1983; R. P. Gale and E. Canaani, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:5648-5652, 1984; J. B. Konopka, S. M. Watanabe, J. W. Singer, S. J. Collins, and O. N. Witte, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:1810-1814, 1985). The abnormal mRNA represents a chimeric transcript consisting of 5' bcr and 3' c-abl sequences (G. Grosveld, J. Verwoerd, T. van Agthoven, A. de Klein, K. L. Ramachandran, N. Heisterkamp, K. Stam, and J. Groffen, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:607-616, 1986; E. Shtivelman, B. Lifshitz, R. B. Gale, and E. Canaani, Nature (London) 315:550-554, 1985; K. Stam, N. Heisterkamp, G. Grosveld, A. de Klein, R. S. Verma, M. Coleman, H. Dosik, and J. Groffen, N. Engl. J. Med. 313:1429-1433, 1985). In the present study, we demonstrated that the abnormal c-abl protein is a fusion protein. In addition, the normal gene encompassing bcr sequences was shown to encode a 160,000-dalton phosphoprotein with an associated serine or threonine kinase activity. We propose that this gene be designated phl, reserving the term bcr for the region within the phl gene encompassing the Ph' translocation breakpoints.
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PMID:Evidence that the phl gene encodes a 160,000-dalton phosphoprotein with associated kinase activity. 329 55

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the oncoprotein BCR-ABL1 in myeloid progenitor cells that activates multiple signal transduction pathways leading to the leukemic phenotype. The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) nilotinib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1 in CML patients. Despite the success of nilotinib treatment in patients with chronic-phase (CP) CML, a population of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) quiescent stem cells escapes the drug activity and can lead to drug resistance. The molecular mechanism by which these quiescent cells remain insensitive is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profiling (GEP) of bone marrow (BM) CD34+/lin- cells from CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of nilotinib treatment by microarray, in order to identify gene expression changes and the dysregulation of pathways due to nilotinib action. We selected BM CD34+/lin- cells from 78 CP-CML patients at diagnosis and after 12 months of first-line nilotinib therapy and microarray analysis was performed. GEP bioinformatic analyses identified 2,959 differently expressed probes and functional clustering determined some significantly enriched pathways between diagnosis and 12 months of nilotinib treatment. Among these pathways, we observed the under expression of 26 genes encoding proteins belonging to the cell cycle after 12 months of nilotinib treatment which led to the up-regulation of chromosome replication, cell proliferation, DNA replication, and DNA damage checkpoint at diagnosis. We demonstrated the under expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCC4, ABCC5, and ABCD3 encoding proteins which pumped drugs out of the cells after 12 months of nilotinib. Moreover, GEP data demonstrated the deregulation of genes involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. The down-regulation of JAK2, IL7, STAM, PIK3CA, PTPN11, RAF1, and SOS1 key genes after 12 months of nilotinib could demonstrate the up-regulation of cell cycle, proliferation and differentiation via MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways at diagnosis.
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PMID:Nilotinib interferes with cell cycle, ABC transporters and JAK-STAT signaling pathway in CD34+/lin- cells of patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after 12 months of treatment. 3131 70