Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly I - poly C), an interferon inducer, was administered in multiple doses of 0.3-75 mg/m2 to 26 patients with a variety of solid tumors, 9 with acute leukemia, and 2 with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. Forty-four separate drug trials were comprised of various schedules and routes of administration. Toxic reactions included fever (in 66% of the trials), transient elevation of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (25%), minimal laboratory evidence of coagulation abnormalities (59%), and hypersensitivity (5%). These toxic manifestations did not relate to dose level or magnitude of interferon induction. Poly I - poly C administered iv induced low serum concentrations of interferon in 24/38 trials (63%), but the correlation between drug dose and peak interferon titer was not linear. Poly I - poly C administered iv or im was not effective as an inducer of interferon in the cerebrospinal fluid. Similarly, poly I - poly C administered im or by inhalation did not produce detectable serum levels of interferon. No patients experienced an objective tumor response to the administration of poly I - poly C, and most (76%) had progression of their disease while receiving the drug.
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PMID:A phase I-II trial of multiple-dose polyriboinosic-polyribocytidylic acid in patieonts with leukemia or solid tumors. 97 71

The hepatic abnormalities that developed after the splenectomy in 10 subjects with idiopathic myelofibrosis were analyzed. In all patients in whom a liver biopsy was performed during the splenectomy, extramedullary hematopoiesis was demonstrated, consisting of dysmorphic megakaryocytes primarily localized in the sinusoids, often accompanied by erythroid precursors. Following splenectomy, a significant increase in both the liver size and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was found within 6 months, whereas no such increase was observed in the serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase concentrations. In addition, 2 patients developed acute liver failure leading to death at 3 and 4 weeks from splenectomy, respectively. In contrast with these findings, no hepatic alterations were observed in 10 chronic myeloid leukemia patients who were also submitted to splenectomy.
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PMID:Liver dysfunction following splenectomy in idiopathic myelofibrosis: a study of 10 patients. 167 28

Phase II study of YNK01 (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate), a derivative of cytosine arabinoside, on hematological malignancies was conducted by multi-institutional cooperative group. YNK01 was administered orally at dose of 100-300 mg/body/day for more than 2 weeks. The number of registered and evaluated patients were 211 and 156, respectively. Of 23 patients with acute myelogeneous leukemia (AML), 2 complete response (CR), one partial response (PR) were observed (CR + PR: 13.0%). Hypoplastic leukemia (1/4: 25%), acute unclassified leukemia (1/1: 100%). Of 45 patients with MDS, 2CRs, 6 good response (GR) and 5PRs were observed (CR + PR: 28.9%). AML developing after a prior history of MDS (5/17: 29.4%), CML-BC (2/9: 22.2%). Of 19 patients with CML, 9 achieved CR, 3 achieved PR (63.2%). Of 11 patients with polycythemia vera, 4 achieved CR, 5 achieved PR (81.8%). Of 6 patients with essential thrombocytosis, 2 achieved CR, one achieved PR (50%). The major adverse effects included gastrointestinal toxicities such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and elevation of GOT and GPT which were tolerable and reversible. This study indicates that YNK01 is a useful agent against acute leukemia and MDS, especially RAEB, RAEB in T, CMMoL.
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PMID:[Phase II study of YNK01 (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate) on hematological malignancies]. 226 Aug 76

Forty-three patients with hematopoietic disease were treated with intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy, followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from 28 HLA-identical and 10 one to two antigen haploidentical sibling donors and autologous BMT (5 cases). Of these cases, there were 21 with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), 5 with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 6 with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), 2 with Hodgkin's disease (HD), 8 with severe-form aplastic anemia (SAA) and 1 with thalassemia. Complications of BMT were evaluated including acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), interstitial pneumonia (IP), veno-occlusive liver disease (VOD), abnormalities of liver function (LF), and alteration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers. In thirty-three patients who were followed up for more than 3 months, we found that the incidence of moderate to severe acute GVHD (9.1%) and IP (two cases, 4.7%) were low. No VOD occurred in our series. During the follow-up period, 27 out of 35 patients (77%) had high alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, even up to 1000 U/liter; however, only one patient succumbed to a hepatitis-related complication. Previous hepatic damage from HBV infection before BMT does not appear to increase the risk of posttransplant morbidity and mortality.
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PMID:Complications of bone marrow transplantation in Chinese. 232 72

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were measured at the time of diagnosis in 81 patients with acute leukemia or blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia using precipitation by 3.75% polyethyleneglycol. Elevated CIC levels did not adversely influence complete remission duration and survival, patients with normal CIC levels exhibited mostly shorter remission and survival than those with elevated or borderline levels. No significant correlation was observed between CIC levels and Hb, WBC, CBC, platelet count, age, serum bilirubin, total protein, fibrinogen, AST and ALT levels, presence of hepatosplenomegaly and/or lymphadenopathy, HbSAg positivity, complete remission duration and survival. The lack of correlation may be caused by altered immune response in leukemic patients, but the obtained results may also be affected by the nonspecific nature of the method used for the detection. Simultaneous detection of CIC levels by multiple tests and evaluation not only of the number but also of the composition and size of CIC may decrease the incidence of false results. Nevertheless, only the establishment of antigen-specific assays may resolve the controversies in the detection of CIC and thus contribute to a more precise assessment of the role of CIC in prognosis of cancer, as well as to the verification of reliability of using CIC as a tumor marker.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in acute leukemia. 270 22

Infected patients with hematological disorders were treated with the combination of cefmenoxime (CMX) and cefsulodin (CFS). This therapy was done on 74 patients, of whom 38 (51%) had acute myelocytic leukemia, 14 (19%) malignant lymphoma, 7 (9%) acute lymphocytic leukemia, 5 aplastic anemia, 4 adult T cell leukemia, 4 chronic myelocytic leukemia, 1 multiple myeloma and 1 histiocytic medullary reticulosis. Complicated infections included 5 cases of septicemia, 41 cases of suspected septicemia, 19 cases of respiratory tract infection, 2 with anal abscess, 1 with urinary tract infection and others. The obtained results were as follows: Clinical effectiveness of the combination therapy was excellent in 17 cases (23.0%), good in 24 (32.4%) and poor in 33 (44.6%). Total clinical efficacy rate was 55.4%. Clinical efficacy rate was 40% against septicemias, 51.2% against suspected septicemias and 57.9% against respiratory tract infections. Causative pathogens were isolated in only 21 cases (28.4%): Gram-positive bacteria in 9 cases, Gram-negative bacteria in 11 and fungus in 1. About half of the Gram-negative bacteria belonged to Pseudomonas sp. The efficacy rate of this combination therapy against Gram-negative bacterial infections was 72.7% but the rate against Gram-positive bacterial infections were only 33.3%. Only in 1 case, this combination therapy was discontinued because of drug eruption. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 5 cases: Elevation of BUN in 3, GOT and GPT in 1 and prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time in 1. In conclusion, this combination therapy of CMX and CFS is useful and safe against infections complicated by hematological disorders.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of a combination therapy using cefmenoxime and cefsulodin on infections complicated by hematological disorders. Tohkai Research Group on Infections in Hematopoietic Disorders]. 348 23

It was clinically evaluated by double blind method whether co-enzyme Q10 has protective effects on hair loss caused by anthracycline antibiotics. Six cases of acute leukemia, 2 blastic crisis of CML and 11 malignant lymphoma were entered to this study. DCMP regimen for acute leukemia for VEPA for lymphoma were performed. Coenzyme Q10 (or placebo) of 120 mg/day was orally administered. The grade of hair loss was classified into five groups. Five cases were only given to DM and 3 cases receiving DM and CoQ10. ADM was 6 cases and 5 were combined with CoQ10. No significant diffehence in effect of CoQ10 administration rence was recognized between two groups statistically. Elevations of GOT and GPT were less frequent in the group receiving CoQ10.
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PMID:[Protective effects of coenzyme Q10 on the adverse reactions of anthracycline antibiotics: using double blind method--with special reference to hair loss]. 635 99

A Phase II study of vindesine was carried out by the Vindesine Study Group in 130 patients with hematological malignancies: mainly 3 mg/body (about 2 mg/m2) of vindesine was administered once weekly by bolus injection. In 122 evaluable patients who had been heavily pretreated with vincristine and/or others, remissions were observed in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, blastic crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia, malignant lymphoma and other leukemias. The overall response rate was 39.3% including 20 complete and 28 partial remissions. No remissions were obtained in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. All patients were evaluable for toxicity: Leukopenia occurred in 64.9%; peripheral neuropathy in 24.6%; GPT and GOT elevation in 20.7% and in 10.8%; alopecia in 11.5%; gastrointestinal disturbance in 10.8%; and fever in 5.4%. The treatment with vindesine was generally well tolerated, although in five out of 130 patients (3.8%) the treatment was discontinued due to convulsion, feeling of abdominal distention plus constipation, paralytic ileus, dysuria plus constipation, or interstitial pneumonia. Leukopenia and peripheral neuropathy appeared to be dose-limiting factors.
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PMID:[Phase II study of vindesine in hematological malignancies]. 658 Aug 41

Cefoxitin (CFX) at a daily dose of 3 to 12 grams was administered to patients who had hematopoietic disorders as underlying diseases and having severe infections. Efficacy and safety of the drug were evaluated. The underlying diseases in the 64 patients included in the evaluation of efficacy were acute myelocytic leukemia (30 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (9), acute promyelocytic leukemia (3), acute monocytic leukemia (2), chronic myelocytic leukemia-blastic crisis (10), erythroleukemia (2), malignant lymphoma (2), aplastic anemia (2), and others (4). The infections were septicemia in 3 patients, suspected septicemia in 47, respiratory tract infections in 7, oral infections in 3, urinary tract infections in 2, and others in 2. The clinical efficacy of CFX was 'excellent' in 13 patients, 'good' in 26, 'fair' in 6, 'poor' in 19 for an efficacy rate of 60.9%. The efficacy rate classified according to infections was 66.7% in septicemia, 66.0% in suspected septicemia, 42.9% in respiratory tract infections and 66.7% in oral infection. The organisms isolated from the patients with septicemia were E. coli in 2 patients and B. cereus in 1. B. cereus was not susceptible to CFX. The efficacy rate was 60.0% in the 10 patients whose causative organisms were identified and 61.1% in the 54 patients whose causative organisms were not identified. There was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the patients who had failed to respond to prior antibiotic therapy and those treated with CFX from the beginning. The efficacy rates for the former group (23 patients) and for the latter group (41 patients) were 56.5% and 63.4%, respectively. The efficacy rate in patients with an initial neutrophil count less than 500/mm3 (35 cases) and from 501 to 1,000/mm3 (13 cases) were 57.1% and 76.9%, respectively. Side effects which might have been caused by CFX were skin eruptions in 2 patients (2.6%) and transient elevation of GOT and GPT in 1 patient (1.3%) among 76 patients who were evaluated for safety. CFX was considered to be a markedly useful and safe drug in the treatment of patients with hematopoietic disorders who developed severe infections.
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PMID:[Effects of cefoxitin in the treatment of severe infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders]. 675 59

The pathophysiologic significance of proteasomes in hematologic malignancies was examined by comparison of the proteasome levels in normal subjects and patients with benign liver diseases. The serum proteasome level measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was found to be positively correlated with the tumor burden of the patients with hematologic malignancies such as acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and myeloma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that proteasomes were strongly expressed in these tumor cells, especially in the nuclei. These data suggest that the elevated levels of serum proteasomes in these patients are derived from tumor cells, reflect the tumor burden, and so provide prognostic information. However, in patients with benign liver diseases, serum proteasome levels correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase activities, suggesting that in hematologic malignancies associated with liver injury some of the serum proteasomes may originate from hepatocytes. The marked production of proteasomes by malignant blood cells may be involved in transformation and proliferation of these cells.
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PMID:Serum concentration and localization in tumor cells of proteasomes in patients with hematologic malignancy and their pathophysiologic significance. 838 42


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