Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood from a child with adult-type (Philadelphia chromosome positive) chronic granulocytic leukemia was found to contain large numbers of cells capable of colony formation in tissue culture. The majority of the colonies contained granulocytic cells. The source of these granulocytic colonies was found in a population of myeloblasts, promyelocytes, and myelocytes which could be separated from the more mature granulocytic cells of the peripheral blood by sedimentation of the buffy coat on Ficoll-Hypaque. The predominance of granulocytic colonies is in contrast to our observations previously made on the peripheral blood of children with "juvenile" type(Ph1 chromosome negative)CGL in which large numbers of exclusively monocytic colonies were produced in tissue culture. These current studies, when interpreted in light of relevant clinical data, suggest that the "juvenile" and "adult" types of CGL represent two very different forms of chronic leukemia in childhood. The Ph1 chromosome negative form may be classified as a monocytic leukemia with a granulocytic component but the Ph1 chromosome positive adult form, even when it occurs in a child, appears to be a true granulocytic leukemia.
 ...
PMID:In vitro colony-forming characteristics of chronic granulocytic leukemia in childhood. 105 30

Major ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation (BMT) may be associated with delayed erythropoiesis. A 38-year-old man (blood group O) with chronic myelogenous leukemia received a BMT from his histocompatibility antigen (HLA) identical brother (blood group A). The pre-BMT anti-A titer of the patient was 1:4. The harvested marrow was depleted of RBC by 6% hydroxyethyl starch sedimentation and Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation. No acute hemolysis occurred after marrow infusion. Myeloid and megakaryocytic series engrafted promptly. However, delayed erythropoiesis up to day 266 was found. Prolonged presence of anti-A antibody was noted for more than 250 days after BMT, although the peak titer was only 1:8. After the reconstitution of bone marrow, the erythroid series was confirmed as donor origin (RBC cell typing A). It is proposed that the prolonged presence of anti-A antibody probably produced from the residual host B lymphocytes, would destroy the regenerating erythroid precursors. Also, use of cyclosporin A may be associated with higher rates of prolonged production of anti-A/B antibodies and the subsequent delayed erythropoiesis.
 ...
PMID:Delayed erythropoiesis after major ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation: report of a case. 198 78

We report on a 69-year-old man who developed Ph-positive CML 6 years after the onset of B-cell CLL. When CML was diagnosed, both malignant cell populations were detected in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Peripheral leukocytes were fractionated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient, and cytogenetic and molecular studies were performed on mononuclear cell and granulocyte-enriched populations. Mononuclear cells were stimulated with either PHA or PWM. In PHA-treated cultures 76% of the metaphases were Ph-negative, while after PWM stimulation 87% were Ph-positive. A bcr rearrangement was observed in DNA from the granulocyte-enriched fraction, but not in mononuclear cells. On the contrary the IgH locus resulted in monoclonally rearranged DNA, only in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results indicate that the two neoplastic populations originated independently.
 ...
PMID:Chronic myelogenous leukemia in the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: evidence for an independent clonal origin. 203 Jun 9

Several drugs/chemicals were allowed to interact with the cytochrome P-450 dependent mixed function oxidase system in the postmitochrondrial supernatant fractions of Ficoll-Hypaque-separated granulocytes from human normal subjects and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. The substrate-induced spectral changes were followed by recording the difference spectra. Compounds conventionally classified as type I and type II substrates, on addition to S1 fractions of both normal and leukemic granulocytes, caused spectral changes that were reverse to those reported for the rat liver microsomes. Aminopyrine, phenobarbital, and Tween 80 evoked a reverse type I spectral change with a peak at 420-430 nm and a trough at 380-400 nm, whereas aniline and pyridine induced a modified type I (a reverse type II) spectral change characterized by a peak at 408 nm and a trough at 421 nm. These changes were found to be quantitatively proportional to the amounts of substrate added. However, the magnitude of the peaks and troughs was considerably less in the S1 fraction of the leukemic granulocytes. Correspondingly, total heme content was significantly decreased in S1 fractions of CML granulocytes as compared to similar fractions of normal granulocytes.
 ...
PMID:Substrate-induced spectral changes in human normal and chronic myeloid leukemic granulocytes. 299 8

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using the technique of premature chromosome condensation to detect the in vivo maturation of abnormal elements in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute leukemia. Patients were chosen for study if there were a clinical suggestion of in vivo maturation and a leukemic clone exhibiting a distinguishable karyotypic abnormality. Mature peripheral blood granulocytes were enriched by two-step Ficoll-Hypaque gradient sedimentation and fused with mitotic Chinese hamster ovary cells to induce the formation of prematurely condensed chromosomes (PCC). These PCC were then analyzed for chromosome number per cell (in the case of patients with a numerical abnormality) or by G-banding (in the case of specific translocations). Of 13 patients chosen for study, 12 showed karyotypic evidence for maturation of the abnormal elements in vivo. Maturation was observed in a number of clinical situations including before treatment in benign CML and myelodysplasia, after low-dose and high-dose chemotherapy in myelodysplasia and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and in remission. These results suggest that the technique of premature chromosome condensation can be a powerful tool in better understanding the biology of disease and mode of response to therapy in vivo in patients with leukemia and preleukemic syndromes, especially during treatment with agents thought to induce maturation of the leukemic elements.
 ...
PMID:Detection of leukemic clone maturation in vivo by premature chromosome condensation. 319 73

Normal human granulocytes obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque sedimentation were subjected to mild hypotonic shock and disruption by shear. The homogenate was fractionated by differential centrifugation and equilibrium ultracentrifugation to yield a plasma membrane preparation constituting 1% of the total cellular protein and enriched fifteen- and six-fold in alkaline phosphatase and Mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase activities, respectively. Granulocytes obtained from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were identically processed. The protein constituents of both the normal and CML granulocyte plasma membranes were resolved by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Comparison of the stained gels revealed CML-associated quantitative changes in four out of the fifteen protein spots examined. Thus, this analysis has permitted identification of those protein moieties that deserve attention for further isolation and purification.
 ...
PMID:Plasma membranes from normal and chronic myeloid leukemic granulocytes: isolation and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis. 385 66

The distribution and localization of NCA and carcinoembryonic antigen CEA in cells of different types of myelogenous leukaemias (acute myelogenous leukaemia - AML; chronic granulocytic leukaemia - CGL; CGL in myeloblastic crisis - CGL-BC) was studied using the immunofluorescence test. Discontinuous density-gradient centrifugation was used to separate myeloid cells into fractions containing granulocytes in individual stages of maturation. Serum NCA and CEA levels were estimated in parallel. It was established that: (a) AML blasts without maturation (MO type) and monoblasts did not synthesize NCA; (b) individual blasts of AML with features of maturation (M1, M2 types) and some myeloblasts of CGL-BC exhibited a limited ability to express cytoplasmic NCA; (c) the number of NCA-containing cells increased in the more mature granulocyte fractions isolated on Ficoll-Hypaque density-gradients; (d) myelocytic NCA is immunologically related to NCA isolated from lung tissue and (e) CEA is undetectable in the myelocytic cell series.
 ...
PMID:Non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) in individual maturation stages of myelocytic cell series. 388 13

GH, LH, insulin and glucagon patterns were studied in the peripheral leukocytes of normal subjects (granulocytes and lymphocytes separated on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient) and leukaemic patients (CML, AML, CLL, and ALL), using a double antibody RIA on whole cells. The uptake of 125I-labelled insulin and GH by these cells was also assessed. The results showed that in leukaemia, particularly CLL, ALL and AML, though not in CML, there was a constant reduction in hormone values, plus depressed GH and insulin uptake. The only exceptions were glucagon and insulin in CML, and LH in CLL, since their concentrations were normal or clearly enhanced. The data are seen as an expression of a membrane receptor block extending to several hormones with structural differences (protein, steroid, T3 and T4), capable of altering the ability of leukaemic cells to respond to ordinary factors modulating their differentiation, functional activity, and the expansion of the corresponding stem cell compartment.
 ...
PMID:[Behavior of the principal protein hormones in normal and leukemic leukocytes]. 630 18

Insulin binding activity and its changes in relation to terminal differentiation were studied in the HL60 human promyelocytic cell line, and in myeloid cells from both normal bone marrow and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. After treatment with dimethylsulfoxide, the HL60 line began to differentiate into more mature myeloid cells. Treated and untreated HL60 cells were found to possess specific insulin receptors with characteristics similar to those of monocytes and granulocytes. Dimethylsulfoxide induced a progressive decrease in insulin binding, parallel to the increase in the proportion of differentiated cells. Myeloid cells from CML patients were used to study insulin binding characteristics during spontaneous differentiation. They were separated on Ficoll Hypaque into a light fraction, containing mostly undifferentiated cells, and a dense fraction, containing mostly granulocytes, with similar specific insulin receptor characteristics. Insulin binding capacity, however, was twice as high in the light fraction. To compare binding activity during normal and leukemic myeloid differentiation, cells from normal bone marrow and CML peripheral blood were fractioned by BSA density gradient into enriched fractions of one predominant cell type. Insulin binding decreased in the course of both differentiations. These findings indicate that leukemic immature myeloid cells possess a high number of specific insulin receptors, and that insulin binding decreases during both spontaneous and chemically induced terminal differentiation.
 ...
PMID:Changes in insulin binding activity during myeloid differentiation. 633 51

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) has been accepted as integral part of the management of patients with hematologic malignancies. Whereas standardization efforts of RQ-PCR, initiated by Europe Against Cancer (EAC) group, have been gradually widespread in the world, Japanese laboratories use their individual protocol for RQ-PCR analysis. Therefore, we assessed the variability of quantitative results obtained from 4 different laboratories in Japan, including 3 companies and Tohoku University Hospital, using identical peripheral blood or bone marrow samples of patients in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; n = 11) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML; n = 2). RQ-PCR was designed to quantify the copy numbers of disease-specific fusion chimeras; BCR-ABL (CML) and AML1-ETO (AML). In 5 out of 13 samples, the quantitative results from 4 laboratories varied more than 10 times (up to 712 times). Thus, we next sought to determine factors affecting the variability of RQ-PCR results across laboratories, by sending back RNA and cDNA samples from each company to Tohoku University, and they were further proceed to yield quantitative data. The main difference between companies and Tohoku University was probably due to the difference of blood separation method (Blood lysis or Ficoll-Hypaque). On the other hand, the variability among 4 laboratories was the most noticeable in the PCR step, mainly attributable to the difference of primer/probe sequence among laboratories. In conclusion, our analyses indicate the importance to limit both preanalytical (sample processing) and analytical (RQ-PCR) interlaboratory variability for RQ-PCR protocol, and the need of further efforts on standardization program in Japan.
 ...
PMID:Interlaboratory comparison of quantitative RT-PCR based detection for minimal residual disease in leukemias: a standardization approach in Japan. 1828 66


1 2 Next >>