Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) presented in extramedullary blast crisis. Whereas the peripheral blood and bone marrow features were consistent with the chronic phase of CML, study of the enlarged lymph nodes demonstrated massive replacement by Ph1-positive blast cells of lymphoblastic morphology. Such blast cells showed diffuse acid phosphatase positivity, were positive for TdT, and had an enzyme pattern (adenosin-deaminase, purine-nucleosidephosphorilase and lactate-dehydrogenase) typical of immature T-cells. To further characterize the phenotype of the blast cells, they were analyzed for surface markers using a panel of monoclonal antibodies selected to identify differentiation antigens of T cells, B cells and myeloid cells. The results of the latter analysis were consistent with an early T-cell origin of the blast cells, since they were positive for TdT, CRIS1 (T1), E rosettes and OKT10, and were negative for OKT3, Leu3 and OKT8. These features demonstrate that T-cell markers may also be expressed in blast crisis of CML and provide evidence that T-cells may share a common stem cell with myeloid and B-cells in CML.
 ...
PMID:Early T-cell features in blast crisis of Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukaemia. 393 Dec 8

In human leukemic myeloblasts, the granule enzymes beta-glucuronidase, myeloperoxidase and acid phosphatase were associated with light particles of varying densities that were separable from each other by means of zonal density gradient centrifugation. In more mature granulocytic cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia the three enzymes merged within a single group of denser particles; such particles were absent in myeloblasts. Myeloblast particles had two to three times higher activity of beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase, but only one-tenth of the myeloperoxidase activity. Some of the cationic proteins and lysozyme were not found in leukemic myeloblasts but were present in particles of chronic myelogenous leukemia; alkaline phosphatase was absent from both types of leukemic cells.
 ...
PMID:Granule assembly in precursors of human leukemia granulocytes. 451 81

Human granulocytes (G) contain a vitamin B(12)-binding protein (B(12)BP). There is evidence that chronic myelogenous leukemia leukocytes (CMLL) may synthesize B(12)BP. Our prior studies suggested that intact, living intravascular G synthesize and release such protein into extracellular compartments in vivo. In the present study, CMLL were incubated in Trisbuffered Hank's basal salt solution (pH 7.2) containing 0.1% human serum albumin to study release of B(12)BP into the medium. B(12)BP was released continuously and in increasing amounts over a 5 hr period at 37 degrees C; this release was inhibited almost completely when the cells were incubated at 4 degrees C and by about half as much in the presence of N-ethylmaleimide (1 mmole/liter). Cycloheximide (50 mug/ml) had no effect on the release of B(12)BP but significantly inhibited incorporation of leucine-(3)H into leukocyte protein. G incubated with 20 mg/ml of compound 48/80, an experimental histamine-releasing agent, had a 6-fold increase in release of B(12)BP over a 2 hr period. Subcellular fractionation studies of human granulocytes demonstrate that most of the B(12)BP is associated with the granular (20,000 g) layer with an excellent correlation observed between its subcellular distribution and that of acid phosphatase.These findings suggest that the release of B(12)BP from G is mediated by an active process and provide further evidence that granulocytes are secretory as well as phagocytic cells.
 ...
PMID:Release of vitamin B12--binding protein by human leukocytes in vitro. 527 3

The phagocytic potential of leukemic cells in various types of acute leukemia was studied. Cases included lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloblastic leukemia, myelomonocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, progranulocytic leukemia, blast transformation of chronic myelocytic leukemia, and unclassified leukemias. Cytochemical stains were used as an aid in classification. These included Sudan black B, naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and periodic acid-Schiff. Phagocytosis was evaluated after incubation of leukemic cells with Candida albicans. Rare phogocytic activity was seen in lymphoblastic leukemia, unclassified leukemias, blast crises in chronic myelocytic leukemia, and progranulocytic leukemia. Myeloblastic leukemias were feebly phagocytic. Myelomonocytic leukemia and monocytic leukemia both exhibited marked phagocytosis which distinguished them from the other acute leukemias. Myelomonocytic leukemia could be differentiated from acute monocytic leukemia by its greater phagocytic capacity.
 ...
PMID:Phagocytosis in acute leukemia. 615 67

Distribution of ribonuclease (RNAase), acid phosphatase (acid Ph-ase) and beta glucuronidase (BGU) between the granule, cytosol-soluble and post-granule fractions in normal human granulocytes and in granulocytes of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) was studied. CGL granulocytes were found to display relative RNAase activity 1.2 times higher, relative acid Ph-ase activity 2.5 times higher than normal granulocytes. The granule fraction of CGL granulocytes showed 1.4 times higher relative RNAase activity but 0.87 times lower acid Ph-ase activity and the same BGU activity as normal granulocytes. On the other hand, the supernatant soluble fraction of CGL granulocytes showed 4.4 times higher relative RNAase activity, 1.2 times higher relative acid Ph-ase activity and BGU 2.2 times higher than in cytosol soluble fraction of normal granulocytes. Thus, cytosol soluble fraction of CGL granulocytes show a relative activity of the lysosomal enzymes studied which is remarkably higher than in normal granulocytes. The percentage distribution of RNAase, acid Ph-ase and BGU showed that CGL granulocytes contain only 36% of total RNAase activity versus 46% of that in normal ones. On the other hand, CGL granulocytes in cytosol soluble fraction will contain 48% of total RNAase versus 29% of total RNAase in cytosol of normal granulocytes. The isoenzyme profiles of RNAase of granule fractions were similar in normal and CGL granulocytes, while the RNAase isoenzyme profiles of cytosol fractions were different for normal and CGL granulocytes, indicating that some essential part of CGL granulocyte cytosol RNAase differs from RNAase contained in granules and in cytosol of normal granulocytes.
 ...
PMID:Differences in distribution of ribonuclease isoenzymes in cytosol and granules in normal human granulocytes and in granulocytes of patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL). 620 Mar 92

Leukemic cells from 32 patients were examined by using conventional immunological markers (E and EAC rosettes, surface immunoglobulins). Additionally, the test for intracytoplasmic IgM, Fc IgG receptor and the presence of light chains were performed. Leukemic blasts of all patients were investigated according to morphological and cytochemical criteria. Lymphoblasts from 3 patients had pre-B cell phenotype: cIgM +, sIg-. Each of 3 patients with pre-B cell characteristics had different diagnosis and different morphological and cytochemical features of the leukemic cells (ALL, NHL and CML). In 24 ALL cases the diagnosis of non-T, non-B ALL, in 4 cases T-ALL and in one B-ALL was established. The correlation of cytochemical results with special reference to acid phosphatase and immunological subclasses of ALL was also analyzed. An important question is raised with regard to diagnostic classification and treatment by finding ALL phenotypes in lymphoproliferative disorders that are not diagnosed as ALL.
 ...
PMID:Immunological typing of blast cells. Cases with pre-B cell characteristics. 620 92

A new hematopoietic cell line, designated KCL-22, was established in vitro by cultivation of pleural effusion cells obtained from a woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. KCL-22 grew in suspension culture with a doubling time of 24 h and consisted of immature undifferentiated cells which were positive for periodic acid-Schiff and acid phosphatase staining. Chromosome analysis of the KCL-22 line showed a female karyotype with double Ph1 chromosomes and additional chromosome abnormalities. Its representative karyotype was 52,XX, + 1p-,+6,+8,+8,+8, t(9q+;22q-), +22q-. This cell line possessed receptors for the Fc portion of IgG, but lacked lymphoid cell characteristics and the Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigen. These results indicate that the KCL-22 cells were derived from chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. This cell line should prove useful for research involving various aspects of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Establishment of a Ph1 chromosome-positive cell line from chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. 632 12

Backscattered Electron Imaging (BEI) is a particular technique which permits to study cytochemical reactions with the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The BEI data pertaining to specific enzymatic activities can be directly correlated to the surface morphology of each individual cell. Leukocytes from 5 normal individuals, 14 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL), 7 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and 3 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) were studied for myeloperoxidase activity, acid phosphatase localization, silver staining of the nuclei and phagocytosis of iron carbonyl in the BEI mode of SEM. Some normal peripheral blood leukocytes which cannot be distinguished by their surface morphology alone were satisfactorily identified with the BEI technique. Leukaemic myeloid cells can be recognized in many cases because of their positive myeloperoxidase reaction, while monocytic elements can be characterized by the presence of surface ruffles, acid phosphatase activity and active phagocytosis. The usefulness of the BEI technique in identifying different blood cell types with the SEM and its possible application to the diagnosis of certain cases of leukaemia are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Scanning electron microscope cytochemistry of normal and leukaemic leukocytes. 632 37

Among the most striking morphological features of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemias (ANLL) is the occurrence of eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions known as Auer rods on Auer bodies. We examined immature myeloid cells from the peripheral blood of 9 human fetuses of 16-19 wk gestation for the presence of such structures. Five of these 9 samples contained cytoplasmic inclusions, which were identical to the Auer rods typically seen in blast cells from patients with ANLL. The incidence of positive cells was low (1-5 cells/10,000 cells surveyed). The inclusions were azurophilic with Wright-Giemsa staining and were cytochemically positive with peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and Sudan black staining. We observed no inclusions in identically prepared control myeloid cells from the bone marrow of 5 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission and 3 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in stable phase. Nor were they present in peripheral blood myeloid cells of 10 normal adults. Myeloid precursors in long-term bone marrow culture from 2 normal adult donors did not develop the inclusions during 24 hr of incubation with prostaglandin F2 (the abortifacient). These observations suggest that Auer rod formation is an occasional but normal phenomenon in fetal hematopoiesis.
 ...
PMID:Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in fetal leukocytes: are Auer bodies a recapitulation of fetal morphology? 657 80

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developing in myelofibrosis (MF) and myeloid metaplasia (MM) is reported in two patients. In both cases, the clinical course of the "blastic crisis" was rapidly progressive with little response to chemotherapy. The circulating cells were readily identified as lymphoblasts on the basis of cytology, cytochemistry, immunologic studies, and ultrastructure. In one of the cases, 40% of cells had T-cell markers and all cells contained paranuclear acid phosphatase. In the second case, cells had a "Burkitt-like appearance, contained multiple cytoplasmic vacuoles positive for oil red O, and one-third of them had B-cell markers. The development of lymphoblastic crisis in MF and MM occurs rarely, is analogous to blastic transformation in chronic granulocytic leukemia, and supports the hypothesis that myeloproliferative disorders originate from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells.
 ...
PMID:Lymphoblastic leukemic transformation (lymphoblastic crisis) in myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia. 693 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>