Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The diagnostic value of the Alkaline Leucocyte Phosphatase (ALP) was checked on the basis of the patients of a hematologic department. Reliable data can only be obtained for the differential diagnosis of polycythemia vera and secondary polycythemia, not however for the differential diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and myelofibrosis. In CML the ALP is an aid for evaluating the course of the disease and its remissions. In Hodgkin's disease it is an objective parameter for actiivty of the disease. The leucocyte concentration method can be used for evaluation of the ALP.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of alkaline leucocyte phosphatase in hematology (author's transl)]. 28 25

Histamine metabolism was studied in 35 patients with polycythaemia vera (PV) at different stages of their disease and compared with controls and patients with secondary polycythaemia. In addition to blood and urinary histamine the main urinary metabolites of histamine, methylhistamine (MeHi) and 1-methyl-4-imidazoleacetic acid (MeImAA) were measured. In patients with active PV the excretion of MeHi and MeImAA was significantly higher than in controls and secondary polycythaemia, indicating an increased histamine formation. The MeImAA excretion was correlated to the blood histamine level, the degree of blood basophilia, the total white blood count and the spleen volume. The blood histamine level was significantly higher in PV patients compared with controls and secondary polycythaemia. No patients with secondary polycythaemia had an increased blood histamine level. With the bio-assay technique used in this study the urinary excretion of histamine in the PV patients was within the normal range. There was no correlation between the increased histamine formation and "histamine-related symptoms". Pruritus and duodenal ulcer occurred with a similar frequency in patients with and without increased MeImAA excretion. The similarity between the disturbance of the histamine metabolism in PV and that found by other authors in chronic myeloid leukaemia is pointed out.
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PMID:Histamine metabolism in polycythaemia vera. 117 64

Serum erythropoietin (Epo) titers in patients with various hematological malignancies and related diseases were determined by radioimmunoassay. Serum Epo titer was inversely correlated with hemoglobin concentration in iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma and myelofibrosis, but there was no correlation between serum Epo titer and hemoglobin concentration in chronic myelogenous leukemia or polycythemias. Serum Epo titers in aplastic anemia were much higher than those in iron deficiency anemia. Serum Epo titers in MDS, malignant lymphoma and multiple myeloma differed considerably among patients. Serum Epo titers in untreated polycythemia vera were significantly lower than in treated polycythemia vera or secondary polycythemia.
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PMID:Serum erythropoietin titers in hematological malignancies and related diseases. 146 Mar 22

Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase activity was estimated in 194 patients; 59 cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), 42 cases of polycythaemia vera (PV), 24 cases of primary myelofibrosis, 7 cases of idiopathic thrombocythaemia, 6 cases of leukaemoid reaction, 19 cases of secondary polycythaemia (PS) and 37 cases of the primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). According to NAP activities the groups proved to be separate entities (p less than 0.00025). The incidence of decreased NAP score in the CML group was 85% and differed significantly from the other groups as a whole, as well as separately (p less than 0.001). The MDS group, the only group besides CML that showed decreased scores, also differed significantly from the others (p less than 0.001). The PS group, nearly always showing normal scores, differed significantly from the PV group (p less than 0.0052). A method evaluating single cell NAP activity proved superior to the score method in discriminating between the different groups. Thus, the incidence of decreased activity in the CML group was 93% compared with 85% by the score method and the incidences of increased activity in the PV, MP, IT, and LR groups were 79% to 100% compared with 25% to 67% by the score method. The latter difference was statistically significant (p = 0.029).
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PMID:Evaluation of neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity in untreated myeloproliferative syndromes and in leukaemoid reactions. 404 68

Certain platelet functions were evaluated in 24 patients with secondary polycythaemia (SP) and in a large number of patients suffering from myeloproliferative disorders (MD'S): 89 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) at different stages of development, 58 with polycythaemia vera (PV), 23 with essential thrombocythaemia (ET), and 25 with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM). Bleeding time, epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and adhesiveness agreed with those generally reported in the literature; they are independent of thrombocytosis, the haemoglobin level and the leucocyte count. Macrothrombocytosis, evaluated by an electronic method, was only found in CML, mainly during acute blast crisis. An increased percentage of light platelets was a constant feature in all groups except in the SP and in 20% of the PV. The most severe abnormalities were observed in AMM and CML in the acute stage; in the chronic phase of CML there is no correlation between the severity of platelet abnormalities and the survival of the patients.
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PMID:Platelets in myeloproliferative disorders. I. A comparative evaluation with certain platelet function tests. 746 10

Philadelphia chromosome-positive essential thrombocythaemia (Ph(+)-ET) and chronic granulocytic leukaemia (Ph(+)-CGL) constitute a separate malignant disease entity, whereas essential thrombocythaemia (ET), polycythaemia vera (PV) and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic metaplasia (CMGM) belong to the Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) myeloproliferative disorders. The megakaryocytes in Ph(+)-ET and Ph(+)-CGL are abnormal and small with round nuclei, showing little lobulation. Both the number and size of megakaryocytes in Ph-ET, -PV and -CMGM are typically increased. Enlarged megakaryocytes with mature cytoplasm and multilobulated nuclei and their tendency to cluster in a normal or slightly increased cellular bone marrow represent the hallmark of ET. In reactive thrombocytosis the size and morphology of increased megakaryocytes are normal. The characteristic increase and clustering of enlarged mature and pleomorphic megakaryocytes with multilobulated nuclei and proliferation of erythropoiesis in a moderate to marked hypercellular bone marrow with hyperplasia of dilated sinuses is the diagnostic hallmark of untreated PV. In secondary polycythaemia, in which increased cellularity of the erythroid cell line may be present, the number, size and morphology of megakaryocytes remain small and normal. CMGM, including early stages without myelofibrosis and advanced myelofibrotic stages of agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, appears to be a distinct neoplastic proliferation of neutrophilic granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. The histopathology of the bone marrow in CMGM is dominated by atypical, enlarged and immature megakaryocytes with cloud-like nuclei which are not seen in ET and PV. Myelofibrosis in ET, PV and CMGM is graded in no reticulin fibrosis (MFO), early reticulin fibrosis (MF1), advanced reticulin sclerosis with minor collagen fibrosis (MF2) and advanced collagen fibrosis with or without osteosclerosis (MF3). Myelofibrosis is not a feature of ET, may occur in PV, and constitutes a prominent feature of CMGM during the natural history of the disease.
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PMID:Diagnostic criteria of the myeloproliferative disorders (MPD): essential thrombocythaemia, polycythaemia vera and chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic metaplasia. 928 42