Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The DNA content of bone marrow megakaryocytes was analyzed in 24 patients with myeloproliferative disorders, 23 patients with secondary thrombocytosis and 15 normal volunteers using 2-color flow cytometry. Compared with normal controls, the majority of patients with secondary thrombocytosis, polycythemia vera and essential thrombocytosis exhibited a relative increase in higher ploidy (greater than 16N) cells. In contrast, patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia exhibited an increase in lower ploidy cells (less than 16N), with a modal DNA content of 8N. Patients with myeloproliferative disorders tended to show a decrease in the 16N megakaryocyte population compared with patients with secondary thrombocytosis. No correlation between ploidy distribution and platelet count was observed.
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PMID:Analysis of megakaryocyte ploidy in patients with thrombocytosis. 240 6

In the clinical phase studies, ranimustine showed very excellent responses against chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia, and moderate responses against lymphoma or myeloma. The feature of response was the long duration. In cases with CML, CR rate was 82% and maintained for 2-18 months by single administration. In a randomized controlled study, the efficacy of ranimustine was compared with that of busulfan in 77 evaluable previously untreated patients with CML. These included 40 patients for an MCNU group (M) and 37 for busulfan group (B). No difference was seen in the remission rate, crisis rate and survival. A significant difference was observed only in the period of CR. Ranimustine showed almost equal efficacy to that of busulfan but was superior to busulfan in patients who needed rapid responses. The side effects were mild and transient. Despite of its administration by intravenous injection, use of ranimustine seemed convenient, considering the long interval between treatments, being comparable in this respect with oral busulfan. Ranimustine, therefore, seems a very effective drug for myeloproliferative disorders.
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PMID:[Ranimustine]. 240 79

Although collagen myelofibrosis indicates poor prognosis in late stages of chronic myelogenous leukemia, the significance of reticulin stain-measured fibrosis in newly diagnosed patients is unknown. One hundred and thirty-eight patients with untreated or minimally treated chronic phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia had reticulin stain studies made on their bone marrows at diagnosis. Reticulin fibrosis was graded on a scale of 1 to 4. Significant (Grade 3 or 4) fibrosis was noted in 65 patients (47%). Compared with patients with mild (Grade 1 to 2) reticulin fibrosis, those with significant fibrosis had a higher incidence of splenomegaly greater than or equal to 10 cm (29% versus 49%; P = 0.02), hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl (19% versus 49%; P less than 0.01), weight loss greater than or equal to 6.75 kg (10% versus 30%; P = 0.11), marrow blasts greater than or equal to 5% (7% versus 28%; P less than 0.01), peripheral blasts greater than or equal to 3% (30% versus 46%; P = 0.09), and additional karyotypic abnormalities (1% versus 17%; P less than 0.01). The incidence of thrombocytosis was similar in the two groups. Prognostically, median survival was significantly shorter for the 26 patients with Grade 4, compared with the 39 patients with Grade 3, and the 73 patients with Grade 1 or 2 reticulin fibrosis (32 versus 49 versus 57 months; P = 0.03). Reticulin fibrosis is a useful biologic and prognostic index in newly diagnosed patients with chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:The relevance of reticulin stain-measured fibrosis at diagnosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 243 99

An 81-year-old woman was admitted, complained general malaise, and edema on face and lower extremities. In the peripheral blood, leucocytosis (17,220/mm3), microcytic hypochromic anemia (RBC 348 x 10(4)/mm3, Hb 9.6 g/dl, Ht 29.2%), and thrombocytosis (130 x 10(4)/mm3) were present, and many myeloid cells containing of myeloblasts, promyelocytes and so on were observed. Bone marrow aspiration revealed increment of the myeloid series without hiatus leukemia . The Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase score and rate was low, and on bone marrow scintigram using indium chloride, liver and extremities were shown. On admission, proteinuria (21.5 g/dl) and hypoalbuminemia (2.5 g/day) were pointed out, and the renal biopsy specimen showed membraneous proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), so we diagnosed this case that chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) complicated with nephrotic syndrome. At first, she was treated with prednisolone, but proteinuria was not entirely improved, then busulfan was given, myeloid cells in peripheral blood were disappeared and proteinuria was gradually decreased. From this coarse, the causality between CML and nephrotic syndrome was verified.
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PMID:[A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia complicated with nephrotic syndrome]. 252 82

The number and functional activity of membrane glycoproteins (GP) Ib and IIb/IIIa were investigated in platelets from 11 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Three patients had essential thrombocythaemia, two had chronic myeloid leukaemia and six had polycythaemia vera. The numbers of GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa molecules were detected on the platelet surface using different 125I-labelled monoclonal antibodies. The functional properties of GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa were evaluated using purified 125I-labelled asialo von Willebrand factor (vWF) and purified 125I-labelled fibrinogen, respectively, in a binding assay. Binding of the anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody was decreased by 40% in almost all patients studied and, when measured, it was accompanied by decreased fibrinogen binding to activated platelets. Binding of anti-GPIb antibodies to platelets was also slightly decreased or virtually the same in eight out of 11 patients. The decrease correlated with decreased binding of asialo vWF. The increased plasma glycocalicin levels, measured in four patients, depended on the high platelet count. Scatchard analysis revealed normal receptor binding affinity for all ligands tested in all but one patient. In this report we demonstrate that abnormalities in the concentrations of GPIIb/IIIa membrane proteins are commonly present in patients with MPD, while a decrease in GPIb concentration is also seen, although in fewer patients. These abnormalities are accompanied by a concurrent decrease in the respective receptor functions. These findings may explain part of the haemorrhagic tendency often encountered in MPD.
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PMID:Platelet membrane abnormalities in myeloproliferative disorders: decrease in glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa complex is associated with deficient receptor function. 260 23

Four patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and thrombocytosis and one patient with essential thrombocythemia were treated with purified recombinant human interferon alpha-2a (IFN-alpha 2a). Significant decline in platelet counts, from a mean ( +/- SE) of 1.396 +/- 0.265 x 10(6)/mm3 to a mean of 0.396 +/- 0.04 x 10(6)/mm3 (p less than 0.05), was observed in all patients. The platelet count remained normal for 15, 21 and 30 days after discontinuation of IFN-alpha 2a in 3 patients. In 2 patients the platelet count began to rise slowly two weeks after discontinuation of IFN-alpha 2a. Our preliminary observations suggest that purified recombinant human IFN-alpha 2a may effectively control progressive thrombocytosis in advanced chronic myelogenous leukemia and essential thrombocythemia.
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PMID:Interferon alpha-2a to control thrombocytosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia and essential thrombocythemia. 262 63

In an open prospective pilot trial, we tested the effect of recombinant interferon alpha-2 a (rIFN alpha-2 a) on thrombocytosis in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Since October 1986, 13 patients with MPD (4 with chronic granulocytic leukemia, 4 with polycythemia vera, 3 with essential thrombocythemia and 2 with myeloid metaplasia) were treated with rIFN alpha-2 a. Platelet counts decreased in all treated patients within 2 to 10 weeks from a median value of 1,050 x 10(9)/l (range 610-1,940 x 10(9)/l) to 340 x 10(9)/l (range 230-495 x 10(9)/l). The response was dose-dependent. In 11 patients we observed a simultaneous reduction of the white blood cell count. Six patients still continue the IFN alpha-2 a therapy. In 7 treatment was discontinued, because of chronic side effects in 3, and because of noncompliance in one. In these patients, thrombocytosis recurred after discontinuation of the therapy. These results show that rIFN alpha-2 a is effective in controlling thrombocytosis in MPD. However, the long-term benefit of interferon in these disorders remains to be established.
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PMID:Treatment of thrombocytosis in myeloproliferative disorders with interferon alpha-2a. 264 94

In order to review the histological characteristics and to evaluate the presence of valuable findings for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, 80 patients diagnosed of chronic myeloproliferative syndromes (CMPS) who had undergone initial bone marrow biopsy were studied in retrospect. The patients were distributed into 26 cases of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), 22 of myelofibrosis (MF), 16 of polycythaemia vera (PV) and 16 of essential thrombocythaemia (ET). The histological findings in the 26 cases of CML consisted of hypercellular bone marrow with fat depletion in all cases; marked thickening of trabeculae was seen in 4 cases and neoformation-like osseous tissue in 7 others. Erythroblastic nests were found in 11 patients, eosinophilia in 23 instances, and abnormal location of immature precursor cells (ALIP) was present in 16 cases. Reticulinic fibrosis was found in 22 patients, collagen fibrosis in 6 and sinusoidal dilatation in 5 cases. Of the 22 MF patients, 8 had normal bone trabeculae, while 14 had trabecular thickening, of moderate degree in 6 cases and marked in 8. Osteoid tissue formation was observed in 21 instances; diminished or absent fat was appreciated in 19 cases. Erythroblastic nests were present in 12 instances, ALIP in 5 and eosinophilia in 14. Reticulin fibres were increased in 22 instances, collagen fibrosis was present in 18 cases, sinusoid dilatation in 12, and lymphoid follicles were seen in 4 patients. Trabecular thickening was found in 15 cases of the PV group (16 patients) and osteoid tissue formation in 2. Fatty tissue was decreased or absent in 11 instances Erythroblastic nests plus eosinophilia were seen in 15 cases, and ALIP in 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The value of the initial bone biopsy in chronic myeloproliferative syndromes. Review of 80 cases]. 266 69

Our survey on the histology of the bone marrow in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) basically gives a description of the relevant lesions of the different subtypes (i.e. chronic myeloid leukemia, primary osteomyelofibrosis, polycythemia vera rubra, and primary thrombocythemia) in correlation with important clinical findings, such as the myelofibrosis/sclerosis syndrome, blast crisis, and prognosis. In a schematic presentation, we assigned the main features of hematopoiesis, interstitial space, and bone tissue to the various subtypes of CMPD, taking into consideration, as well, the evolution of histomorphological lesions in the course of the disease process, which could be determined by means of sequential biopsies. Particularly in the early hyperplastic stages of primary osteomyelofibrosis and in primary (essential) thrombocythemia, we observed a considerable elevation of the platelet count, possibly leading to thrombosis and hemorrhage.
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PMID:[Histomorphologic findings of the bone marrow in chronic myeloproliferative diseases]. 268 47

Chronic myelogenous leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder representing 20%-30% of all leukemias. The disease is characterized by a cytogenetic abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome. Except in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation (BMT), the natural history of chronic myelogenous leukemia has not changed in the last 30 years. Recombinant interferon alpha controls thrombocytosis and leukocytosis, reduces the leukemic infiltrate in the bone marrow, returns the spleen size to normal, and converts some patients to a normal chromosome pattern. This review summarizes the clinical and cytogenetic responses to date. The most significant observation is that, aside from treatment with BMT, interferon is the only agent that induces cytogenetic remissions.
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PMID:Alpha interferon: progress and perspectives in the biotherapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia. 268 14


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