Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prognostic importance of patient pretreatment clinical and laboratory features were investigated in a group of 50 patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive benign phase chronic myelogenous leukemia. The overall median survival time was 30 months. The patient characteristic associated with shortened survival was the male sex. Anemia, thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia tened to have adverse effect on survival. A multivariate regression analysis demonstrated only sex difference to be of prognostic importance. Evaluation of the effect of therapy showed that intensive chemotherapy was not superior to single agent chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 208 13

A 42-year-old woman presented with clinical and haematological features of essential thrombocythaemia (ET). Cytogenetic investigation revealed a standard t(9;22) Philadelphia translocation in all evaluable metaphases which persisted throughout treatment. Gene probe analysis of the chromosome 22 breakpoint cluster region (bcr) locus revealed a breakpoint mapping between exons 1 and 3 of the bcr gene, consistent with a standard bcr-abl translocation as found in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Moreover, in separate cell populations, the bcr breakpoint was demonstrable in DNA from granulocytes but not in T cells from either peripheral blood or bone marrow. Since ET is known to be a clonal disorder with a multipotential stem cell origin, these findings suggest that, as in CML, the bcr-abl hybrid gene arises through translocation in a multilineage stem cell which does not involve the T lymphocyte lineage.
 ...
PMID:The t(9;22) translocation in Philadelphia-positive essential thrombocythaemia does not involve the T lymphocyte lineage. 214 47

This Diagnostic Seminar intends to announce that CMPDs can be classified from BMB histologically by a rather simple system, which can be applied by interested histopathologists successfully. The rationale of this classification is to stay within the groups of diseases which are outlined by clinical findings including the peripheral blood and bone marrow smears. The concept of traditional classification as given by the WHO and textbooks, however, has to be revised as follows (1) Primary diseases of CMPDs must be distinguished from advanced disorders. Primary diseases are CML, P. vera, Thrombocythemia, CMGM, and unclassifiable CMPD. (2) Idiopathic, primary myelosclerosis of the bone marrow is a reactive feature consecutive to neoplastic transformation of hematopoiesis, i.e. myeloproliferation. (3) Advanced disorders comprise (3.1.) excess of blasts and blast crisis, and (3.2.) early myelosclerosis, myelosclerosis and myelofibrosis, advanced myelofibrosis. Advanced disorders are designated by a composed term classifying them among the groups of primary disease and specifying the advanced stage by a suffix, so that the underlying disease remains coining the term, even in unclassifiable cases in which only CMPDs can be applied. (4) The CML group must be subtyped into CML of common type versus that with increase or predominance of megakaryocytes. By this system of classification, it seems possible to classify and type the spectrum of variations occurring among CMPDs to a satisfying result.
 ...
PMID:Chronic myeloproliferative disorders in bone marrow biopsies. 217 9

A clinical and molecular study was performed on 10 patients with the presumptive diagnosis of primary thrombocythaemia (PTH). In all cases conspicuous megakaryocytic proliferation in bone marrow smears was detected in the absence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1), elevated red blood cell mass and evidence for a reactive cause of the thrombocytosis. We analyzed whether rearrangements of the bcr gene occurred in untreated patients. Bcr rearrangements were detected in the bone marrow cells but not in peripheral blood bells of one patient, indicating that this case might be related at the molecular level with Philadelphia chromosome negative CML, in which bcr rearrangements could be demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of bcr rearrangements in primary (essential) thrombocythaemia. 218 Dec 4

Leukocytosis, mild anemia, thrombocytosis, and panhyperplasia in the marrow characterize the early stages of most of the CMPD, whereas extramedullary hematopoiesis (such as in the spleen or liver), peripheral cytopenias (anemia, leukopenia, or thrombocytopenia), and myelofibrosis, with or without osteosclerosis, reflect the changes seen in the later stages. Transitions among the different CMPD and termination in acute leukemia or marrow failure also are common. CML often is characterized by leukocytosis and the presence of the entire spectrum of granulocytes (mature and immature) in the blood and marrow, reduced LAP, hypercellularity with prominent granulocytic hyperplasia in the marrow, Ph chromosome, and bcr-abl gene rearrangement. Typical features of AMM include leukoerythroblastosis, teardrop poikilocytosis, anemia, increased or normal LAP, prominent megakaryocytic hyperplasia in the marrow, dyshematopoiesis, and hyperplastic or fibrotic/sclerotic marrow.
 ...
PMID:Myeloproliferative disorders. Classification and diagnostic features with special emphasis on chronic myelogenous leukemia and agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. 227 76

The aim of this work was to evaluate the phytohaemagglutinin-induced aggregation of circulating neutrophils isolated from 25 patients affected by chronic myeloproliferative syndromes (polycythaemia vera, chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase, and essential thrombocythaemia). The results showed a lesser aggregating capacity in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and an opposite behaviour in polycythaemia vera and essential thrombocythaemia. Patients with polycythaemia vera whose neutrophils showed a greater aggregating capacity were shown to have had various vascular complications.
 ...
PMID:Phytohaemagglutinin-induced neutrophil aggregation in patients affected by chronic myeloproliferative diseases. 227 38

Cytogenetic analyses were performed on 12 adult patients with abnormal megakaryoblastic proliferation which was detected by ultrastructural cytochemical study (platelet peroxidase) and platelet-megakaryocytes-specific monoclonal antibodies (TP-80, Plt1, AN51, and KOR-77). The patients consisted of two patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), three with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), six with megakaryoblastic transformation in Philadelphia-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML-meg-BC), and one case of chronic myeloproliferative disorder (CMPD). Among them, an inversion of the long arm of chromosome 3 [inv(3)(q21q26)] was found in one AMKL patient with a normal platelet count. Chromosome change at band 3q26 was also found in one MDS patient without thrombocythemia. Furthermore, the long arm of chromosome 13, where rearrangements in myelofibrosis are clustered (13q12----q22) was seen in one MDS patient. Trisomoy of chromosome 19 was found in one AMKL patient and three CML-meg-BC patients. These findings indicate that cytogenetic abnormalities involving 3q26, 13q, and trisomy 19 are associated with hematologic neoplasia with megakaryocytic lineage in adult patients, although these abnormalities were not related to the survival of the patients. During the period of this study, two acute myelogenous leukemia patients (AML-M2 and AML-M5b) with chromosome rearrangements at band 3q21 and thrombocythemia were found, indicating that chromosome abnormality at band 3q21 is related to quantitative platelet dysfunction, whereas that at 3q26 is related to hematologic malignancies with a proliferation of megakaryocytic lineage.
 ...
PMID:Cytogenetic findings in adult acute leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders with an involvement of megakaryocyte lineage. 229 63

An immunomorphometric study was performed on trephine biopsies of the bone marrow in 41 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to determine number and size of megakaryocytic precursor cells (pro- and megakaryoblasts). For specific staining, a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein IIIa (Y2/51) was employed which is applicable on routinely fixed and paraffin embedded tissue. In comparison with control specimens from 15 patients, in CML morphometric analysis revealed an increase in the total amount of megakaryocytes per square and cubic millimeter marrow tissue, but particularly in patients with thrombocythemia. Moreover, a non-disorderly expansion of the megakaryocyte precursor pool was recognizable by showing a relative frequency of pro- and megakaryoblasts in congruence with the normal value. In this context a significant correlation between the counts for Y2/51-positive megakaryocytic elements and promegakaryoblasts with the corresponding platelet values was encountered. The more mature stages of megakaryopoiesis (pro- end megakaryocytes) disclosed a relevant shift to smaller cell forms with rounded cell perimeters and a more compact aspect of their nuclei. Additionally, in 6 patients with CML, evolution into a subacute and manifest (micro)-megakaryoblastic transformation accompanied by myelofibrosis could be demonstrated by a retrospective review of file material.
 ...
PMID:An immunomorphometric study on megakaryocyte precursor cells in bone marrow tissue from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). 230 21

Interferon(rIFN)-alpha, a successful therapeutic agent in the control of thrombocytosis, has been shown to suppress human megakaryopoiesis. We investigated bone marrow biopsies from 12 patients with thrombocytosis due to chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Prior to treatment as well as during rIFN-alpha-2c therapy, several morphometric parameters of megakaryopoiesis were evaluated. Megakaryocyte density decreased significantly in all patients, megakaryocyte size decreased in polycythaemia vera, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, and essential thrombocythaemia, but increased in chronic myeloid leukaemia. The various changes observed during therapy indicate an inhibitory effect of rIFN-alpha-2c on megakaryopoiesis and suggest a selective influence on megakaryocytes at various stages of maturation. Increased numbers of pyknotic (bare) nuclei may reflect a shortening of megakaryocyte life-span. No remarkable changes were found in the fibre content of the bone marrow.
 ...
PMID:Interferon-alpha-induced morphological changes of megakaryocytes: a histomorphometrical study on bone marrow biopsies in chronic myeloproliferative disorders with excessive thrombocytosis. 231 Jun 90

A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with marked thrombocytosis and its megakaryokinetics were reported. Patient was 57-year old woman who had a marked thrombocytosis (1,413 x 10(3)/microliters) and a bone marrow megakaryocytosis. Bone marrow karyotype demonstrated Ph1 chromosome in all cells examined. However, on physical examination, there was no splenomegaly. CBC showed no immature myeloid cells, and neutrophil alkaline phosphatase was elevated. These manifestations were consistent with so called essential thrombocythemia (ET) with Ph1 chromosome reported by Nissenblatt. To know the megakaryokinetics of this case, we examined the number of colony forming unit-megakaryocyte (CFU-M), platelet glycoprotein (PGP) IIb/IIIa positive cells, cytoplasmic area, and DNA content, comparing with those of normal subjects, CML, and ET. We found a marked increase of CFU-M and PGP IIb/IIIa positive cells, but in contrast, decreased DNA content and cytoplasmic area. This pattern of megakaryokinetics was consistent with that of CML. We conclude that ET with Ph1 chromosome may be a variant of CML rather than ET itself.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic myelogenous leukemia with marked thrombocytosis--comparison with essential thrombocythemia with Ph1 in its megakaryokinetics]. 231 4


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>