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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of HLA antigens in the generation of cytotoxic cells in CML has been investigated. Cytotoxic effector cells were generated in MLC among HLA-A or HLA-A and HLA-B disparate, HLA-D identical siblings, and among HLA-A and HLA-B disparate, MLC identical (%RR less than or equal to 2 3.6) unrelated individual. The data indicate that HLA-D differences and poliferative MLC responses as measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation are not requisite for the in vitro generation of cytotoxic cells and suggest the existence of a CML-S locus (loci) distinct from HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-D. The degree of cytotoxicity generated in a proliferative versus a "nonproliferative" MLC was comparable. In addition, these studies demonstrate that antigens other than the currently definable HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-D can serve as target determinants in cell-mediated lympholysis.
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PMID:The genetics of cell-mediated lympholysis. 6 6

The majority of human lymphocytic and myelocytic leukemia cells express a polymorphic antigen that is found on peripheral blood B-lymphocytes and cultured lymphoblastoid B-cell lines. These B-lymphocyte antigens were detected by 34 human alloantisera that were repeatedly absorbed with pooled platelets to remove all activity against HLA antigens and T-lymphocytes. Absorption studies indicated that a common antigen was present on both B-lymphocytes and positive leukemia cells. Leukemia cells could be subdivided into two groups based on the presence of the B-lymphocyte antigen. Fourteen of 18 acute myelocytic leukemia cells, 10 of 13 acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, 4 of 6 chronic myelocytic leukemia cells, and 2 of 2 chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells were positive. This group of leukemia cells also reacted with rabbit anti-B-cell sera raised to papain digests of spleen cell membranes. F(ab')2 fragments of the rabbit antsera were shown to specifically block the reactions of the human antisera against B-cells and leukemia cells. These results suggested that the rabbit and human anti-B-cell sera were reacting with identical molecules. This conclusion was supported by immunoprecipitation data.
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PMID:Human B-lymphocyte antigens expressed by lymphocytic and myelocytic leukemia cells. II. Detection by human anti-B-cell alloantisera. 6 14

From approximately 3,000 CML combinations, originally established in order to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative influence of the serologically defined HLA-A, B, and C antigens on cellular, complement independent cytolysis, 12 combinations were selected yielding reproducible positive cytolysis on allogenic target cells, although no HLA-antigenic sharing could be demonstrated between stimulator and target lymphocytes. These 12 CytoToxic Lymphocytes (CTL's) have been tested in parallell as "CML typing combinations" against lymphocytes from a random population sample of 100 unrelated Danes. Based on a pairwise analysis 11 of these CTL's could be classified into two groups of significantly correlated CTL's. These two groups do not define monospecific traits of allelic genetic origin as judged by a mutually positive correlation and a poor fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The traits defined by these groups may be either partially identical or governed by closely linked loci. The same groups were identified and the same conclusions reached after exclusion of those individuals in the population sample where HLA-A, B, C, or D antigens may be targets for destruction. Thus, this study gives direct evidence that known HLA antigens are not sole target determinants in CML or that cytotoxic lymphocytes recognize HLA molecules in a different way than lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The studies underline the immunogenetic complexity of CML although this reaction is most probably governed by genes in the HLA region. It is suggested that cytotoxic lymphocytes may recognize "backbone structures" of the HLA molecules.
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PMID:Cell mediated lympholysis in man: an attempt to type with cytotoxic lymphocytes. 6 22

The aim of our study was to define target determinants other than those coded for by the classical HLA-A, -B, -C or -D loci which were responsible for killing in CML. In one of the families studied, strong evidence was found for the existence of a determinant coded for within the HLA region. CML was restricted to targets carrying the classical HLA-Bw35 and Cw4 determinants but the targets were neither HLA-Bw35 nor Cw4 themselves. We therefore concluded that this new HLA determinant was either the product of a new locus closely associated with HLA-B or that it was a product of the classical HLA-B locus which has not been recognized by serology.
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PMID:HLA restriction of non-HLA--A, --B, --C and --D cell mediated lympholysis (CML). 6 23

Group-specific human granulocyte antigens are serologically detectable with granulocytotoxic-positive human alloantisera on a cell line, K562, of chronic myelogenous leukemia origin which bears a Philadelphia chromosomal marker. The same cell line lacks serologically detectable HLA, B2 microglobulin, and B-lymphocyte antigens. Granulocyte antigens are important cell markers for cell lines of suspected myeloid lineage.
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PMID:Group-specific human granulocyte antigens on a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line with a Philadelphia chromosome marker. 6 56

A human serum (obtained from a multiparous and multiple-transfused patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia) and a rabbit antiserum (obtained by immunization with papain extracts from a B-lymphoblastoid cell line) showed reactivity against antigenic specificities (different from HLA) expressed on peripheral blood B-lymphocytes, unmarked lymphocytes, and monocytes. These antigenic determinants were expressed on myeloblasts and lymphoblasts from patients with acute leukemia (during the active phase of their disease) and on B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Purified peripheral blood T-lymphocytes, mitogen (phytohemagglutinin)-activated T-lymphocytes, and lymphoblasts (with T-cell characteristics) obtained from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or established lymphoblastoid cell lines lacked these antigenic specificities. Absorption experiments indicate that the antigen(s) detected on normal mononuclear cell populations, leukemia cells, and B-lymphoblastoid cell lines were either identical or highly cross-reactive.
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PMID:Recognition by human and rabbit sera of common antigens to leukemia blast cells, peripheral blood B-lymphocytes, and monocytes. 7 Nov 97

In a collaboratory study involving eight different laboratories 30 human, mixed lymphocyte culture educated cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) were identified yielding reproducible cytolysis on allogenic lymphocyte target cells without detectable HLA-A, B (and C) antigenic sharing between stimulator and target cells. These CTLs were collected in one laboratory (Aarhus) and tested in parallel against a population sample of 100 unrelated, healthy Danes. The testing was only performed once and 11 CTLs did not discriminate in the population, probably due to transportation damage. On the basis of pairwise comparisons between 19 CTLs, three tentative CML-defined specificities could be recognized. These three groups may have defined monospecific traits of allelic genetic origin as judged by a mutually negative, albeit not significant, correlation and a fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The concept of determinants other than the serologically defined HLA antigens recognized by some CTLs can thus still be maintained as can the approach to CML typing tested in this workshop.
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PMID:Studies on the specificity of CML. Report from a CML-workshop. 7 34

Lymphocytes from a healthy female repeatedly giving rise to MLC-typing response against HLA--D homozygous typing cells of three different specificities were investigated for cytotoxic capacity by the direct CML technique. Testing against a panel indicated the presence of circulating cytotoxic lymphocytes with specificity towards HLA--A2. When tested against selected HLA--D homozygous typing cells, the pattern of CML reactivity closely resembled the pattern of MLC-typing responses, i.e. typing responses were mostly restricted by the presence of HLA--A2 on the stimulator cells. This pattern was also found when time course studies of Cr--51 release were performed using experimental conditions identical to ordinary MLC typing, but involving chromium-51 labeled, irradiated homozygous typing cells as targets. These studies indicate that the presence of in vivo educated cytotoxic lymphocytes among the responder lymphocytes may in some instances mimic typing responses. Such lymphocytes are thought to lyse relevant stimulator lymphocytes prior to initiation of the proliferative response.
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PMID:False HLA--D assignments may be caused by cytotoxic responder lymphocytes. 8 Aug 33

An individual, BK, repeatedly gave typing responses against homozygous typing cells representing more than two HLA--D antigens. Family studies showed that she had inherited the HLA--Dw2 and Dw7 determinants, in agreement with results from primed lymphocyte typing. The HLA--A, B, C types of the stimulators giving rise to unexpected typing responses all involved the HLA--A1, A3 or A11 antigens. The hypothesis of this specificity in low-responsiveness was confirmed in the independent stimulator sample provided by the 7th workshop homozygous typing cell panel. The same pattern was observed when BK was tested as a responder towards related and unrelated heterozygous stimulators. Furthermore, in three-cell experiments it was found that BK cells were able to suppress the response to the Dw-identical individual, BS, towards stimulators carrying HLA--A1, A3, or A11. This effect of BK's cells appeared to be radiosensitive. We were not able to demonstrate suppressive supernatant factors in the relevant cultures, neither were we able to find circulating cytotoxic cells by the direct CML-technique, nor an accelerated cytotoxic response by the indirect CML-technique against targets carrying HLA--A1 or A3. This is the first demonstration of induction of suppressor cells in MLC by HLA--A, B, C antigens in the stimulator cells.
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PMID:Low responsiveness in MLC induced by certain HLA--A antigens on the stimulator cells. 8 Aug 34

Using a microcytotoxicity assay, the serological reactivity of human granulocytes, namely neutrophils and eosinophils, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells and cultured CML cell lines (K562, NALM-1) were examined. Mature granulocyte forms and cord granulocytes are readily lysed by specific granulocyte cytotoxins that do not react with random T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, red blood cells, or platelets. Furthermore, certain antisera were preferentially cytotoxic for eosinophil-enriched populations. Granulocytotoxin detected antigens on one of three CML blast cell populations tested and K562, but failed to react with NALM-1. By cytotoxicity, mature granulocytes were poor targets for B2-microglobulin and the appropriate HLA antisera although both sera types are absorbed with granulocytes. Furthermore, granulocytes did not possess B-lymphocytes (Ia-like) or blood group A, B, and Rh (D) antigens. Except for K562, both HLA and heterologous B-lymphocyte antisera were cytotoxic for the CML blast cell populations tested.
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PMID:Cell surface antigens detected on mature and leukemic granulocytic populations by cytotoxicity testing. 10 Aug 97


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