Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic leukemias account for fewer than 5 per cent of childhood hematologic malignancies. The various subtypes are chronic mylocytic leukemia (adult, juvenile, and familial), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia chronic monocytic leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The most common of these, adult-type chronic myelocytic leukemia, is characterized by specific cytogenetic alterations; recent advances in molecular biology are linking these genetic events to the pathophysiology and course of this fascinating neoplasm.
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PMID:Chronic leukemias of childhood. 304 53

In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) termed SN6 was generated by immunizing a mouse with a non-T-cell leukemia antigen preparation isolated from cell membranes of leukemia cells derived from a patient (FJ) with non-T/non-B-cell-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). SN6 was tested against a variety of cultured and uncultured human cell specimens by using a sensitive cellular radioimmunoassay. Among the 26 cultured malignant and nonmalignant cell lines tested, SN6 reacted with all of the 6 leukemic non-T/non-B (including pre-B)-cell lines tested--i.e., KM-3, NALM-16, REH, NALL-1, NALM-1, and NALM-6. Of these cell lines, 5 were derived from individual patients with ALL; the remaining 1 was from a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis. In addition, SN6 reacted with 3 of 3 leukemic myelo-monocytic cell lines tested--i.e., ML-2, HL-60, and U937. SN6 did not react with any other cell lines. A consistent result was obtained with 42 fresh (uncultured) cell specimens derived from individual patients with several different types of leukemias. SN6 reacted with 11 of 16 non-T/non-B (including pre-B)-cell ALL specimens. In addition, it reacted with various myelo-monocytic leukemia cell specimens to various degrees. SN6 did not show a significant reaction with normal peripheral blood cells tested, which included B cells, T cells, granulocytes, monocytes, and erythrocytes. However, it reacted with a small population (approximately 1% as determined by immunofluorescence staining) of normal bone marrow cells. The approximate molecular mass of the glycoprotein antigen defined by SN6 was determined to be 160,000 by radioimmunoprecipitation followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Only one component of 80,000 daltons was formed upon reduction of the 160,000 molecular mass antigen. Therefore, this antigen is apparently a homodimer of a 80,000-dalton subunit. This conclusion was further corroborated by two-dimensional gel analysis, which showed a single well-defined spot for the reduced antigen. We designate this distinct human leukemia-associated cell surface antigen "GP160."
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PMID:Distinct human leukemia-associated cell surface glycoprotein GP160 defined by monoclonal antibody SN6. 346 4

The expression of a particular alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase isoenzyme which is specific for monocytes was examined in a panel of cultured leukemia-lymphoma cell lines (n = 88), freshly obtained leukemia-lymphoma cells (n = 527), and in fresh (n = 10) and cultured (n = 22) leukemia cells treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The sodium fluoride-sensitive isoenzyme was separated by isoelectric focusing on horizontal thin-layer polyacrylamide gels. The esterase isoenzyme was not detected in untreated or TPA-treated lymphoid, erythroid, or Hodgkin's disease-derived cell lines, but was seen in leukemia cell lines of monocytic origin. TPA induced the new expression of this marker isoenzyme in two leukemia cell lines of promyelocytic and erythroid origin that are known to differentiate along the monocytic-macrophage cell lineage; TPA stimulation increased the staining intensity of the band in monocytoid cell lines. This esterase isoenzyme was found in 92% of the cases classified morphologically as acute myelomonocytic or monocytic leukemia, but only in 3% of the non-monocytic acute myeloid leukemias. All lymphoid or erythroid leukemias or lymphomas were negative. Treatment with TPA of AML and CML cells, which commonly differentiate to monocyte/macrophage-like cells, showed de novo the monocyte-specific isoenzyme. It is concluded that this isoenzyme is a characteristic marker for monocytic leukemia cells and will be a useful tool for the discriminatory identification of the monocytic element in normal and leukemic cells.
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PMID:Occurrence of particular isoenzymes in fresh and cultured leukemia-lymphoma cells. III. Esterase isoenzyme in monocytes. 349 69

The phagocytic potential of leukemic cells in various types of acute leukemia was studied. Cases included lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloblastic leukemia, myelomonocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, progranulocytic leukemia, blast transformation of chronic myelocytic leukemia, and unclassified leukemias. Cytochemical stains were used as an aid in classification. These included Sudan black B, naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, acid phosphatase, and periodic acid-Schiff. Phagocytosis was evaluated after incubation of leukemic cells with Candida albicans. Rare phogocytic activity was seen in lymphoblastic leukemia, unclassified leukemias, blast crises in chronic myelocytic leukemia, and progranulocytic leukemia. Myeloblastic leukemias were feebly phagocytic. Myelomonocytic leukemia and monocytic leukemia both exhibited marked phagocytosis which distinguished them from the other acute leukemias. Myelomonocytic leukemia could be differentiated from acute monocytic leukemia by its greater phagocytic capacity.
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PMID:Phagocytosis in acute leukemia. 615 67

The experience with myeloproliferative diseases (MPD) in children of a large pediatric hematology-oncology service during a 20-year period is reviewed. Twenty-seven patients with myeloproliferative diseases were treated, six with the juvenile type of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), 10 with the adult type of CML, three with familial MPD, one with unclassifiable MPD, and seven with acute leukemia in whom myelofibrosis was either a prodromal or terminal event. The literature is reviewed with particular emphasis regarding the relationships between the juvenile type of CML and monocytic leukemia, the adult type of CML and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and the relationship of myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia to the acute leukemias. New therapeutic approaches are needed in this heterogenous but interrelated group of disorders.
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PMID:Myeloproliferative diseases in childhood. 617 53

We examined the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of normal leukocytes from healthy volunteers, immature neutrophils from 4 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) and leukemic cells from 22 patients with acute myeloid leukemia, employing human erythrocyte targets. Ability to mediate ADCC was demonstrated only in monocytes among normal leukocytes and in leukemic cells from all the 6 patients with acute myelomonocytic or monocytic leukemia (AMMoL, AMoL). CML immature neutrophils and leukemic cells from 14 patients with acute myeloblastic or promyeloblastic leukemia displayed very low levels of ADCC. In the remaining 2 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia, the ADCC levels were high. We described the usefulness of this ADCC assay for distinguishing AMMoL or AMoL from other types of acute myeloid leukemia.
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PMID:Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of leukemic cells from the patients with acute myeloid leukemia to human erythrocytes coated with anti-D antiserum. 630 76

The present study describes a comparative study of MLR-S of various stages of fresh and cultured normal or leukemic myeloid, monocytic and erythroid cells. "One-way" MLR was performed, using a slightly modified whole blood method. Fresh leukemic myeloblasts from patients with acute myelocytic leukemia or chronic myelocytic leukemia, in blastic crisis possess a strong MLR-S whereas fresh granulocytes from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia or from healthy subjects possess no MLR-S. Cultured leukemic myeloblasts from KG-1 or ML-1 cell line possess a very strong or a moderate MLR-S, whereas cultured leukemic promyelocytes from HL-60 cell line possess little or no MLR-S. Fresh leukemic erythroblasts or cultured leukemic erythroblasts from K-562 cell line exert a strong MLR-S whereas fresh erythrocytes exert no MLR-S. Cultured monoblasts from HPL-SK-1 or Murray cell line possess a very strong MLR-S whereas fresh monocytes from healthy subjects or from a patient with chronic monocytic leukemia possess a moderate MLR-S. These observations clearly indicate that there is a good correlation between the MLR-S and the cell differentiation stage. Observations in the present study also support the hypothesis that the MLR-S is a differentiation antigen which is completely lost by the terminal stage of myeloid or erythroid cell maturation or partially lost by the terminal stage of monocytic cell maturation.
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PMID:Expression of MLR-S in human myeloid, monocytic and erythroid cell differentiation. 645 11

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, so called Sweet's Syndrome is a distinct dermatological disease defined by constant clinical and histological features: Eruption of painful, tender, raised erythematous plaques of face and neck with fever. Dense dermal infiltration with mature neutrophil polymorphs. Sweet's Syndrome may occur during the course of chronic or acute haematological diseases such as chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute non lymphoblastic leukemia. In all cases, the counts of Neutrophil Polymorphs were normal or above normal limits. We report a case of Sweet's Syndrome occurring during the aplastic period induced by the treatment of an acute myelo monocytic leukemia, and discuss the responsibility of white blood cells transfusion in genesis of typical histological aspect.
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PMID:[Lesions evoking Sweet's syndrome in acute leukemia: occurring during the stage of therapeutic aplasia]. 657 22

By means of inducing random migration of leukemic cells in human peripheral blood by an agarose plate method, a study was made to see how migration distance and cell morphology after migration differed with the type of leukemia. After 3 days of incubation, the distance of random migration in cells of lymphocytic leukemia patients was on the average 0.41 mm for the cells of 13 patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and 0.03 mm for the cells of four patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia which were all of B-cell origin. Thus leukemic cells of T-cell origin migrated farther than those of B-cell origin. In the cases of myelocytic leukemia, the distance of random migration was on the average 0.54 mm for the cells of five patients with acute myelocytic leukemia, 2.42 mm for the cells of three patients with acute myelomonocytic leukemia, 1.69 mm for the cells of four patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia at blastic crisis and 3.78 mm for the cells of one patient with chronic monocytic leukemia. Thus, cells of monocyte origin migrated quite well. Migrating cells differing from cells of smear samples retained their original natural morphology and were considered to serve as an aid in the differentiation of types of leukemia.
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PMID:A study of leukemic cell migration by an agarose plate method. 688 55

In the last decade, specific chromosomal abnormalities were found in leukemic cells in children, which had diagnostic or even prognostic significance. Adult type chronic myeloid leukemia is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1, t(9;22)), acute myeloid leukemia with maturation with t(8;21), acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(15;17), (myelo)-monocytic leukemia with abnormalities of chromosome II, and acute monoblastic leukemia with t(9;11). B-cell acute lymphocyte leukemias are associated with a t(8;14) or some other t(8q); in the other forms of acute lymphocytic leukemias a t(4;11) or 6q- is sometimes found. The presence of a t(8;21) seems to be associated with a better prognosis. In lymphocytic leukemias the presence of 50 or more chromosomes seems to predict a favourable prognosis, while, on the contrary, the presence of any translocation indicates a grave prognosis.
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PMID:[Chromosome abnormalities in leukemia in children. Occurrence and clinical significance]. 696 36


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