Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty-two cases of hematological malignancy (18 cases of CML, three cases of polycythemia vera, 10 cases of malignant lymphoma and 11 cases of multiple myeloma) were treated with MCNU. The results obtained were as follows. MCNU was markedly effective on CML cases, being especially useful during the chronic phase, and a partial remission was observed in one of three patients with CML blastic crisis. A good response was observed in all cases with polycythemia vera. In some cases of malignant lymphoma, a fair response was observed. No response was observed in any of the cases of multiple myeloma. Myelosuppression was a major side effect of MCNU, but other side effects other than melena were not severe.
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PMID:[Phase II study with methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies]. 385 50

The use of supralethal chemoradiotherapy followed by marrow transplantation has progressed from being an experimental approach applied only to a limited number of end-stage patients to an important therapeutic option appropriate for many adults with a variety of hematologic malignancies. With the use of transplantation, 10% to 30% of patients with relapsed leukemia and approximately 50% of patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first remission can be cured. Cures have also been seen in a variety of other hematologic malignancies, including chronic granulocytic leukemia, preleukemia, hairy cell leukemia, and malignant lymphoma. Transplantation is currently limited by the need for a suitable marrow donor; by the complications of the transplant procedure, including infection, graft-versus-host disease, and the toxicities of intensive chemoradiotherapy; and by the risk of recurrent disease. Some of these limitations will likely be overcome as a result of current research. The use of partially matched family members and matched unrelated donors will make transplantation available to more patients. Some forms of posttransplant infection, including those associated with herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus, can now be prevented or treated. Improved methods of controlling graft-versus-host disease including T-cell depletion of marrow and the use of more effective immunosuppressive agents, as well as a better understanding of the toxicities of the preparative regimens, are making the transplant procedure safer and more tolerable. Finally, the development of better preparative regimens and transplantation earlier in the patient's disease course will likely allow for a larger percentage of patients to be cured.
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PMID:Treatment of acute leukemia in adults with chemoradiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. 388 38

Ten women with breast cancer and hematological malignancy (nine with double malignancy and one with triple malignancy) were analyzed. Mastectomy was performed on all patients in our hospital between July 1959 and June 1982 (23 years). Diagnoses of hematological malignancy were seven acute leukemias (five AML, two AMMoL), one CML, two lymphomas and one myeloma. Irradiation and chemotherapy were postoperative treatments in eight and three patients, respectively. The median interval between the first diagnosis and the second was four years and 10 months (one year and five months to 21 years and seven months). The median survival time from the first diagnosis was five years and eight months, while that from the second was six and a half months. In a clinical setting, it is difficult to ascertain the causative factors of multiple malignancy. Accumulation of additional patients is needed for further analysis.
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PMID:[Breast cancer and hematological malignancy in the same patients]. 399 89

Two hundred and thirty-six cases of multiple primary cancer associated with hematological malignancies, collected from 35 medical institutions in Japan, are reported. Based on the time interval between the first cancer and the second cancer, they were divided into three groups: synchronous cancer (94 cases), metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancy (61 cases) and metachronous hematological malignancy subsequent to carcinoma (76 cases). The most common initial cancers were acute leukemia (including atypical leukemia and erythroleukemia), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and chronic myelogenous leukemia of the hematological malignancies, and gastric cancer of the carcinomas. Patients with cancer of the uterus and breast in the metachronous cancer group metachronously developed hematological malignancies more frequently than those in the synchronous cancer group. Multiple primary cancer was observed more frequently in men than in women both in the synchronous cancer group and in the group with metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancies. Acute leukemia was the most frequent disease type in incidence among the metachronous hematological malignancies. This secondary acute leukemia was characterized by a mostly granulocytic nature, poor response to chemotherapy and poor prognosis.
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PMID:Multiple primary cancers associated with hematological malignancies. 400 83

Many of the conceptual advances in the treatment of advanced cancer have resulted from studies of the hematologic malignancies: The signal importance of complete remission, the complete disappearance of evident disease, as the major contributor to significant palliation; the first studies of adjuvant therapy, that is chemotherapy given to patients free of disease, which demonstrated prolongation of disease-free periods; the first studies of intensification, including early, intermittent, and late; combination chemotherapy; and finally, the important observation that advanced metastatic malignancies can be cured were made in studies of these important diseases. Because of treatment advances that have occurred over the last 10 to 20 years, the majority of patients with adult hematologic malignancies that were once considered universally fatal can be either cured or have substantial palliation. Treatment for adult acute leukemia has advanced such that 15% to 20% of patients have prolonged disease and treatment-free survivorship; in Hodgkin's disease, over 70% of patients can be cured; and for the lymphomas, the majority or 50% to 60% of patients can be cured with available treatments. Major treatment advances in supportive treatment such as allogeneic transfusion and allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation improve the perspective for control of the hematologic malignancies. In addition, the potential for biologic response modifiers or the biologic products of normal cells that are normally involved in the regulation of both proliferation and differentiation show enormous potential for the treatment of advanced disease. Studies of interferon have shown promising early results in chronic granulocytic leukemia and in hairy cell leukemia. A new class of drugs, the acridine analogs, of which AMSA (4'-[9-acridinylamino]methanesulfon-M-anisidide) is a member, has been introduced and has established activity against acute leukemia. VP-16 (etoposide) has just become commercially available and is an important drug both in leukemia and lymphoma. Finally, the discovery of new knowledge about the biochemical pharmacology of drugs such as arabinosyl cytosine has offered a major advance in salvage treatment and the potential for substantial further improvement in the frontline management of these diseases. The rapid advances in both palliative and curative treatment for the hematologic malignancies have generally found broad application to the management of advanced cancer arising from other organ systems.
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PMID:The hematologic malignancies. Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. 620 91

At Saitama Cancer Center a Phase II study of Vindesine was carried out in 18 patients with hematological malignancy being refractory to standard chemotherapies. Vindesine (VDS) was given weekly at a dose of 3 mg/m2 as single-agent chemotherapy. One cytoreduction effect (CE) in 5 patients with acute lympho blastic leukemia, two CEs in 2 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, one PR and one CE in 4 patients with CML/BC, three PRs in 3 patients with diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of large cell type, one CR in 2 patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma and one PR in 2 patients with Burkitt's lymphoma were obtained. VDS was discontinued in two patients because of neurologic toxicities such as incontinence of urine, abdominal distension, and severe constipation.
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PMID:[Phase II study of Vindesine in patients with hematological malignancy]. 634 82

Bone marrow collected from patients with hematologic malignancies were cryopreserved using DMSO as a cryoprotective agent. The growth kinetics of hemopoietic stem cells frozen to -196 degrees C were monitored immediately after thawing by the semisolid agar CFU-C assay and 2 different methods of cell reconstitution were compared. In the first way, thawed cells were plated after the removal of DMSO by washing the cell suspension, in the second, cell suspensions were cultured after a simple 1:1 dilution of DMSO with medium. The number of CFU-C per 2 X 10(5) cells plated was higher washing out the DMSO in all the groups studied. However, the absolute numbers of CFU-C contained in the whole ampoules after the freezing procedures was approximately the same with both methods. It is concluded that washing the cells only apparently yielded a better cloning efficiency, suggesting that such a procedure led to a higher mature nucleated cell loss with the consequence of a CFU-C concentration. This trend seems particularly evident in the AML and CML patients.
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PMID:[The use of autologous bone marrow transplants in malignant hemopathies and solid tumors]. 646 Apr 3

The adenosine deaminase-resistant purine deoxynucleoside 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (CdA) is markedly toxic in vitro to nondividing and proliferating normal human lymphocytes and to many leukemia cell specimens. The CdA is also effective against mouse L1210 leukemia in vivo. The present investigations have examined the pharmacology, chemotherapeutic activity, and toxicity of CdA in nine patients with advanced hematologic malignancies refractory to conventional therapy. When administered by continuous intravenous infusion, the deoxyadenosine analog was well tolerated. As monitored by radioimmunoassay, plasma CdA levels rose gradually during the infusions. The CdA was not deaminated significantly. In all patients with leukemia, the CdA lowered the blast count by at least 50%. In one patient with a T-cell leukemia-lymphoma, and in another patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis, the CdA infusion eliminated all detectable blasts from the blood and bone marrow. In a patient with a diffuse lymphoma complicated by severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia, CdA treatment quickly terminated the hemolytic process. Bone marrow suppression represented the dose-limiting toxicity, and was related to plasma CdA levels, cumulative drug dosage, and the rapid release of CdA that accompanied tumor cell lysis.
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PMID:Antileukemic and immunosuppressive activity of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine. 658 95

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) has been reported in 5 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and approximately 20 patients with other hematologic malignancies. These patients have had recurrent infections, frequently by opportunistic organisms. This susceptibility suggests that they have impaired cell-mediated immunity. In the case reported, splenectomy early in the course of illness may have contributed to the susceptibility to infection and PAP. Awareness of the possibility of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a patient with progressive dyspnea and unexplained pulmonary infiltrates should prompt early open lung biopsy to establish the diagnosis. Therapeutic pulmonary lavage is currently the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis complicating chronic myelogenous leukemia. 693 98

An 8-year old girl was diagnosed as having idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura which later became refractory to steroids, splenectomy, and immunosuppressive therapy. While she was being treated for pneumococcal meningitis, 7 1/2 years later, she was found to have Philadelphia-chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia. She died 2 1/2 years after the diagnosis of leukemia. The association of autoimmune disorders and hematologic malignancies has been well-recognized. To our knowledge, there has been no previous report of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura preceding the development of chronic myelocytic leukemia in the literature.
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PMID:Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura followed by chronic myelocytic leukemia. 694 Apr 61


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