Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven cases of post-transfusion hepatitis type B [PTH(B)] were investigated. PTH(B) developed in 4 patients more than 65 years old and in 4 patients after treatment of a malignant disease (2 cases of gastric cancer and one each of ovarian cancer and chronic myelogenous leukemia, respectively). The mean incubation period was 78 days (70-90) in patients with non-malignant diseases and 147 days (105-200) in patients with malignant diseases. The symptoms of acute hepatic failure developed in 6 patients and 5 of them expired. One fatal case revealed 4 units of blood and an investigation of 4 donors revealed that one of them was an HBsAg carrier with negative serum HBsAg by the reverse passive hemagglutination (RPHA) method. From these results, it was concluded that compromised hosts such as aged patients or patients with malignant diseases are apt to contract severe PTH(B) with a long incubation period when the transfused blood contains small amounts of HBV.
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PMID:Post-transfusion hepatitis type B: long incubation period and poor prognosis in compromised hosts. 274 36

In 165 patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) a morphometric and histochemical study was performed on trephine biopsies of the bone marrow to elucidate osseous remodeling by assessment of trabecular bone area (planimetry) and number of osteoclasts. Osteoclastic elements were identified by the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase method. In addition to control specimens (n = 20) subtypes of CMPD included chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, n = 65), primary (essential) thrombocythemia (PTH, n = 25), polycythemia vera rubra (P. vera, n = 25) and agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM, n = 50). AMM was discriminated into a so-called early hyperplastic stage without gross myelofibrosis (n = 19) and an overt or advanced stage showing fibro-osteosclerotic changes (n = 31). Total area of trabecular bone and counts for osteoclasts (uni- and multi-nucleated cells as well as a-nuclear cytoplasmic fragments) were not significantly increased in CML, PTH, P. vera and in the initial hypercellular stages of AMM. In contrast to these results, in advanced stages of AMM there was a significant increase in total bone area associated with a high count for all osteoclastic elements and apparently also an increased number of osteoblasts. It is speculated that the marked increase in osteoclastic-osteoblastic elements in late stages of AMM possibly reflects an imbalance of calcitriol (1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3) on skeletal homeostasis. This abnormal osseous remodeling may be mediated by the atypical megakaryocytic proliferation in this disorder, which is always a conspicuous feature of bone marrow biopsies.
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PMID:Osteoclasts and bone remodeling in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. A histochemical and morphometric study on trephine biopsies in 165 patients. 278 Apr 31

A histomorphometric analysis was performed on trephine biopsies of the bone marrow in 55 patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPDs) and marked thrombocytosis (platelet count exceeding 600 x 10(9)/l). This study aimed at discriminating primary (essential) thrombocythaemia (PTH) from the various other subtypes of CMPDs presenting with thrombocytosis. Following the diagnostic requirements postulated by the Polycythemia-vera-Study-Group for PTH and polycythaemia vera rubra (P.vera) and the generally accepted criteria for the establishment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM), our cohort of 55 patients was divided into the following subgroups: CML (16 cases), P.vera (11 cases), AMM (13 cases) and finally PTH (15 cases). Histomorphometric measurements revealed that PTH was distinguishable from the other subtypes of CMPDs with respect to several histological variables: patients with PTH had a normal amount of neutrophilic granulo- and erythrocytopoiesis as well as a non-increased content of reticulin (argyrophilic) fibers in contrast to the findings in CML, P.vera and of course AMM. Moreover, sizes of megakaryocytes and their nuclei were significantly greater in PTH and internalization of haematopoietic cells (emperipolesis) was more frequently encountered in comparison with the other subtypes of CMPDs. Deviation of the circular perimeter of megakaryocyte shape was most prominently expressed in CML and AMM, and consequently generated an increased number of a-nuclear cytoplasmic fragments. In contrast to this feature aberration of the nuclei from a circular outline occurred in a less pronounced way in CML, but was excessive in P.vera, AMM and PTH. Our morphometric evaluation demonstrates that certain histological features may serve as a valuable aid in discriminating PTH from the other occasionally thrombocythaemic subtypes of CMPDs.
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PMID:Histomorphometry of bone marrow biopsies in chronic myeloproliferative disorders with associated thrombocytosis--features of significance for the diagnosis of primary (essential) thrombocythaemia. 314 Apr 82

Hypercalcemia was associated with osteolytic bone lesions in a 60-year-old woman with chronic myelogenous leukemia in the accelerated phase. Using highly specific antisera to parathyroid hormone, radioimmunoassays disclosed elevated levels of carboxyl-terminal (53-84) and intermediate (44-68) fragments. In addition, concomitant variations of serum calcium level and leukocyte counts, increased urinary c-AMP excretion, morphological integrity of parathyroid glands, and absence of bone resorbing activity in myeloblast culture supernatants are consistent with the hypothesis that the humoral hypercalcemia was due to the excessive production of PTH. This production may have been ectopic, although no PTH secretion was demonstrated in myeloblast culture supernatants.
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PMID:Hypercalcemia in chronic myelogenous leukemia: evidence for excessive parathyroid hormone secretion. 386 73

Morphometry was employed on different entities of chronic myeloproliferative diseases (CMPD) and reactive lesions in addition to normal control specimens. The entities studied included: (1) inflammatory reactions of the bone marrow (so-called myelitis in chronic rheumatoid arthritis), (2) chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), (3) agnogenic myeloid metaplasia in an early hypercellular stage (so-called chronic megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis, CMGM), (4) agnogenic myeloid metaplasia in an advanced fibrosclerotic stage or osteomyelofibrosis/sclerosis (MF/OMS), (5) polycythemia vera (P. vera), (6) reactive thrombocytosis (TH, as a sequel of miscellaneous conditions) and (7) primary (idiopathic, essential) thrombocythemia (PTH). Evaluation was done on plastic-embedded semithin sections with a constant thickness of 3 micron in approximately 20 cases of each group of CMPD. The following parameters were determined: (1) density distributions of the megakaryocyte and non-megakaryocyte compartments, (2) arrangement of megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow space (i.e., inhomogeneity or clustering) and (3) the fine structure of megakaryocytes in PTH, with a quantitative analysis of the nuclear morphology by circular deviation and contour factors. The megakaryocyte morphology was closely related to a facultative or obligatory increase of the platelet count in these various entities of CMPD and was separable into two major categories: (1) controls, CGL and myelitis versus (2) CMGM, MF/OMS, P. vera, TH and PTH. These two categories were distinguishable by the prominence of megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow as well as the elevated platelet counts in the periphery. Moreover, in comparison with CMGM and MF/OMS, PTH was characterized by an apparently normal maturation and a conspicuous polyploidization of megakaryocytes according to the nuclear morphology, which was similar to that of P. vera. Our results suggest that PTH presents a monolinear growth of the megakaryopoiesis in the same way as CGL exhibits a monolinear proliferation of the neutrophilic granulopoiesis. This is in contrast to the mixed cellularity of both the megakaryocyte and granulocyte lineage in CMGM and MF/OMS.
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PMID:Megakaryopoiesis in chronic myeloproliferative diseases. A morphometric evaluation with special emphasis on primary thrombocythemia. 659 64

Morphometric analysis of sections of biopsy specimens from patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) can complement the individual histological diagnosis and help to distinguish the four groups of CMPD. A total of 130 diagnostic biopsies from 29 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML.CT), 26 cases of (CML.MI), 28 of essential thrombocythemia (PTH), 26 cases of chronic megakaryocytic granulocytic myelosis (CMGM), and 21 of polycythemia vera (P. vera), and 30 from healthy control persons were evaluated morphometrically in sections of undecalcified plastic-embedded core biopsies. Clear distinctions were revealed in size of megakaryocytes, nuclear lobulation, clustering, and the nuclear size and shape of megakaryocytes. Nuclear size and cellular size were significantly less in CML (range of means of cellular size: 220-360 microns2) than in the other three Ph1-negative groups (range of means: 480-750 microns2). Nuclear lobulation was more distinct in PTH than in P. vera, and especially in CMGM. Clustering of megakaryocytes was more than twice as frequent in CMGM (8.0-10.5%) as in any of the other three groups (0.1-7.0%). Naked nuclei were more numerous in all groups of CMPD. The main topic of the study is the different size of megakaryocytes in the four main groups of CMPE, allowing a distinction between small-megakaryocytic Ph1-positive CML and large-megakaryocytic Ph1-negative forms of CMPD.
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PMID:[Morphometry of megakaryocytes for supporting the histologic diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferative diseases]. 788 12