Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A nationwide cooperative incidence survey of leukemia was carried out by the Institute of Hematology, CAMS, from 1986 to 1988. The cooperative survey network covered 46 investigating areas, involving 22 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. More than 60 million person-years were supervised and 1670 new cases identified. The annual incidence rate of leukemia was 2.76/10(5) and the 95% confidence interval of population rate ranged from 2.63/10(5) to 2.89/10(5). The incidence rates in oil fields and polluted areas were significantly higher than those in other areas. The incidence rate of ANLL was 1.62/10(5); ALL, 0.69/10(5); CML, 0.36/10(5); CLL, 0.05/10(5); and special types, 0.03/10(5). The incidence rate and constituent ratio of CLL were significantly lower than those in Europe and America. A peak of ALL incidence rate before age 10 was seen; this rate then declined with increasing age until 30. However, the incidence rates of other leukemia rose with age reaching peaks at old age (50-70). The leukemia rate in males was significantly higher than that in females, both in youth (10-29), caused by ALL, and at old age (greater than or equal to 60), mainly caused by ANLL. The incidence rates of ANLL subtypes (including M2b) are also reported.
 ...
PMID:[Incidence survey of leukemia in China. Chinese Epidemiologic Study Group of Leukemia and Aplastic Anemia]. 153 78

The expression of c-myb mRNA and protein was analyzed in fresh leukemic cells by Northern-blot analyses and by immunofluorescent staining using monoclonal c-myb specific antibodies. Staining of the cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results demonstrate c-myb mRNA expression predominantly in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, 4/4 cases), acute myeloic leukemia (AML, 17/17) and chronic myeloic leukemia (CML, 12/12) but rarely in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, 1/17). Immunofluorescent analyses revealed expression of c-myb protein in the nucleus of ALL (5/7) and AML (9/9) with a good correlation of c-myb-positive cells and with the number of proliferating (Ki67-positive) blast cells.
 ...
PMID:Heterogeneous expression of c-myb protein in human leukemia detected by simultaneous two color flow cytometric analysis. 156 Jun 75

High percentage of neoplastic cells in S, G2 and M phases of cell cycle is unfavourable prognostic sign in human haematological malignancies. In chronic leukaemias (CML and CLL) it is true for peripheral blood leukaemic cells, in non-Hodgkin lymphomas--for lymph node cells, in multiple myeloma--for bone marrow plasma cells. In acute leukaemia results are controversial: some authors found a correlation between proliferation parameters of bone marrow blast cells while others did not. These parameters correlate positively with the rate of complete remission and negatively with its duration. It is concluded that proliferation parameters of neoplastic cells may be used for individual prognosis in patients with haematological tumours especially in combination with other biological and clinical prognostic markers.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of neoplastic cell proliferation parameters in human haematological malignancies. 170 8

This study was undertaken in order to estimate the incidence of leukemia among Koreans. Medical records were studied of patients with diagnoses of either ICD-9 038 (septicemia), or 204-208 (leukemias), or 284 (aplastic anemia), or 289 (other diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs) in the claims sent in by medical care institutions throughout the country to the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC) during the period from January 1, 1986 to December 31, 1987. These records were abstracted in order to identify and confirm new cases of leukemia among the beneficiaries of KMIC, which covers about 10% of the whole Korean population. Using these data from the KMIC, the incidence rates of leukemia among Koreans were estimated as of July 1st, 1986 to June 30, 1987. The crude incidence rate of all types of leukemia among Koreans is estimated to be 3.45 (95% CI; 0.77-9.55) and 2.29 (95% CI; 0.28-7.81) per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. The cumulative rate for the age span 0-64 is 0.25% in males and 0.18% in females, and for the age span 0-74, 0.35% in males and 0.23% in females. The adjusted rates for the standard world population are 3.90 and 2.48 per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. The relative frequencies by type are 51.5% for AML, 21.6% for ALL, 20.2% for CML, and only 1.5% for CLL. The incidence patterns of various types of leukemia, of which this is the first report in Korea, are analyzed and presented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Incidence estimation of leukemia among Koreans. 184 38

To investigate the possible role of the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, pRB, in leukemogenesis, we examined fresh leukemia cells from 56 cases of primary leukemia (AML, 32; ALL, 12; CML-BC, 9; CLL, 3) for expression of pRB by using an immunoblotting assay with anti-pRB monoclonal antibodies PMG 3-245 or 3-340. Expression of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) was examined simultaneously as an internal control. pRB was found to be absent or expressed at an abnormally low level in 13 of 56 cases. Abnormal expression of pRB was most common in AML (8/32) and CML-BC (4/9), and less common in ALL (1/12). Expression of pRB was not induced in two cases of pRB- AML cultured for 24 h with GM-CSF, indicating that pRB expression could not be induced by increasing the rate of proliferation. The eight cases of AML lacking pRB protein were examined for RB1 mRNA by Northern blot. Two lacked RB1 mRNA and six had a normal-sized mRNA (approximately 4.7 kb), although the amount of RB mRNA was very low in some cases. RB1 gene structure was normal by Southern blot in all eight cases lacking pRB protein which were studied. These results show that lack of pRB expression is relatively common in human myeloid leukemias, and suggests that loss of pRB expression could contribute to the altered growth control of these cells.
 ...
PMID:Heterogeneous expression of the product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene in primary human leukemia cells. 188 10

Indirect immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CL203.4 of malignant cells from 269 patients with hematologic malignancies showed a heterogeneous expression of CD54/intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). This marker was expressed by malignant cells of 57 out of 118 patients with myeloid malignancies and 69 out of 135 with B-lymphoid malignancies. On the other hand, CD54 was not detected on malignant cells of 16 patients with T-lymphoid malignancies. In myeloid malignancies, CD54 is preferentially expressed by "stem cell-derived" malignancies, being detectable on blast cells from almost all patients affected by chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast phase or myelodysplastic syndromes and by only 34% of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The expression of CD54 did not correlate with any specific myeloid FAB subtype, although three cases of highly undifferentiated AML (FAB MO) displayed maximal levels of the antigen. The expression of CD54 in AML was significantly associated with that of CD34 and HLA-DR antigens. In B-lymphoid malignancies, CD54 expression appears to correlate with the differentiation stage of malignant cells, since B-origin acute lymphoblastic leukemias and conventional B-chronic lymphocytic leukemias (B-CLL; ie, "dim SIg" CLL) expressed lower levels of CD54 than more mature lymphoproliferative disorders ("bright SIg" CLL, prolymphocytic leukemias, and lymphoplasmacytic tumors). "High-grade" B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHL) express in general a higher level of CD54 than "low-grade" ones. This finding in conjunction with the expression of CD54 in all 17 patients with "bright SIg" CLL investigated (characterized by marked organomegaly and poor prognosis) suggest that the differential expression of CD54 in lymphoproliferative disorders may also relate to their degree of malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Differential expression of CD54/intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in myeloid leukemias and in lymphoproliferative disorders. 197 71

Several new cytostatic drugs have entered clinical phase I-II studies for the treatment of leukemia: the most promising are pyrimidine analogs such as 5-aza-cytidine, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-aza-cytosine arabinoside, and 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine. Fludarabine, a fluorinated purine analog, appears to be active in CLL and multiple myeloma. Deoxycoformycin, an adenosine analog, showed good activity in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia and T-cell neoplasias. 2-chloro-deoxyadenosine has recently been introduced into the treatment of CLL and hairy-cell leukemia refractory to deoxycoformicin. Tiazofurin, an antimetabolite which interferes with nicotine-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD) metabolism, has been applied in CML blast crisis. Other agents include 13-cis retinoic acid and 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 as differentiation inducers, and homoharringtonine, an alkylating agent which is widely used for ANLL treatment in China. Among new anthracyclines, aclarubicin, idarubicin, THP-adriamycin and fluoro-adriamycin should be mentioned. Mitoxantrone, a substituted anthraquinone, has successfully been applied in the treatment of relapsed and refractory ANLL. Amsacrine (m-AMSA), finally, is a synthetic aminoacridine which intercalates into DNA and inhibits DNA topoisomerase II. m-AMSA is not cross-resistant to anthracyclines and has been particularly active in ANLL treatment. Studies using m-AMSA alone or in combination revealed comparable results to anthracycline--containing regimens. Cardiotoxicity of the anthracycline congestive type has not been observed with m-AMSA. The EORTC Leukemia Cooperative Group has successfully used m-AMSA in several trials prepositioning this drug stepwise: from relapsed and refractory ANLL, into intensive maintenance treatment during first remission in ANLL, and, still on-going, into intensive consolidation.
 ...
PMID:New drugs in the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia with some emphasis on m-AMSA. 206 23

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using specific monoclonal antibodies was used to measure circulating transferrin receptor (TR) in 87 patients with various hematologic malignancies. The mean serum TR was significantly elevated in patients with myeloproliferative disorders (15.47 +/- 12.54 micrograms/ml), whereas there were no differences in chronic granulocytic leukemia (7.89 +/- 3.56 micrograms/ml), myelodysplastic disorders (9.25 +/- 4.73 micrograms/ml), and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (3.85 +/- 3.50 micrograms/ml) as compared to normal (5.63 +/- 1.42 micrograms/ml). Among patients with lymphoproliferative disorders, the mean level was normal in lymphoma (5.73 +/- 2.59 micrograms/ml), multiple myeloma (5.47 +/- 1.31 micrograms/ml), and hairy cell leukemia (7.04 +/- 3.69 micrograms/ml). The serum TR was significantly elevated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL; 14.17 +/- 12.29 micrograms/ml), and the serum levels reflected the clinical stage of the disease. These findings suggest that serum TR measurement may provide a useful laboratory index of disease activity in certain disorders such as CLL, whereas it most likely reflects the intensity of erythropoiesis in the remaining hematological disorders that were evaluated in this study.
 ...
PMID:Serum transferrin receptor measurements in hematologic malignancies. 216 85

DNA aneuploidy (DA) was examined in adult leukemia using flow cytometry, and the method and the clinical implication of DA as a tumor marker were evaluated. The method was simple, rapid, objective, quantitative and further did not need any mitotic cells, so was proved to be very useful for screening of DA. While, DA was detected in 50 (27%) out of 185 adult cases with various types of leukemia. The frequencies of DA in the subtypes of leukemia were 55% in ATL, 26% in ALL, 17% in ANLL, 26% in CML-BC and 6% in CLL, respectively. When compared with other subtypes, the frequency in ATL was significantly higher (p less than 0.01), which suggested a special entity of this disease. In general, however, the frequency of DA in leukemia was rather low, which indicated the difficulty in application of DA by itself in diagnosis of leukemia. While, in cases with DA, DA was very useful as a tumor marker in monitoring the clinical course, for example, in the detection of early relapse or recruitment of leukemic cells. Furthermore, DA was found to be a good prognostic factor which indicates a poor prognosis in cases with ANLL and CML-BC.
 ...
PMID:[Analysis of DNA aneuploidy as a tumor marker]. 221 64

A recombinant plasmid library representing the more abundant polyadenylated RNA of a relapsed acute myelomonocytic leukaemic (FAB class M4) has been constructed. One recombinant, designated pAM6, contains a DNA sequence complementary to an RNA of about 1100 nucleotides in length. The relative concentrations of pAM6 RNA in the RNAs from cloned human haematopoietic cell lines and from fractionated leukaemic leukocytes and normal bone marrow cells, measured by an RNA dot hybridization method, indicated that pAM6 RNA occurs in myeloid cells, probably those of the monocyte lineage at the earlier stages in differentiation. Similar assays showed that pAM6 RNA could not be detected in the peripheral blood leukocytes of normal individuals, or of ALL and CLL patients, but that the relative abundance of pAM6 RNA varied widely in leukocytes from CGL chronic phase, CGL acute phase, and ANLL. No correlation between pAM6 RNA occurrence and FAB classification of ANLL could be made; thus it would appear that the relative abundance of pAM6 RNA in ANLL leukocytes can be used to subdivide the ANLLs in a novel manner. It is suggested that this criterion, in conjunction with existing diagnostic markers, may provide a subclassification of the ANLLs that could be of some prognostic and therapeutic value.
 ...
PMID:Subdivision of the acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemias by measurement of the relative abundance of a specific RNA sequence. 241 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>