Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an era when the use of ionizing radiations for the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukaemia has largely been supplanted by therapy with busulphan or other drugs, there still exist situations where irradiation is the preferred method of initial treatment. One such situation is the unusual conjunction of chronic granulocytic leukaemia and pregnancy. Chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) was diagnosed in two young women during early pregnancy as a result of routine blood examinations. Both responded satisfactorily to splenic irradiation with shielding of the uterus. The pregnancies proceeded uneventfully and each was successfully delivered of a normal and subsequently healthy baby. Both mothers later underwent elective splenectomy during a period of satisfactory haematological control: no operative or post-operative complications occurred. Although both patients have shown some thrombocytosis and peripheral blood basophilia since splenectomy, they remain well 58 and 28 months after diagnosis and 30 and 18 months after splenectomy.
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PMID:Chronic granulocytic leukaemia in pregnancy. 105 29

Autopsy data on 1,206 children and adult patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) (585), chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) (204), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (308), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (109) obtained from 1958 to 1982 were reviewed. This analysis has shown that, whereas the proportion of patients with residual AML at any anatomic site decreased significantly and uniformly over the entire study period, significant corresponding decreases in patients with CGL and ALL occurred only since 1976 and 1978, respectively. No significant corresponding decreases were noted in patients with CLL at any time. Significant decreases were also noted over time in the rates of extramedullary site involvement by AML, CGL, and ALL. Whereas the lymphoreticular organs, kidneys, adrenals, and pituitary were most often involved at autopsy by CLL, the testes, leptomeninges, dura mater, uterus, large bowel, and pancreas were most often involved by ALL. In general, patients with AML and CGL showed the lowest relative rates of involvement of the various organs by leukemia during the 24-year period. Whereas patients with AML and ALL showed significant decreases in the rates of involvement of nearly all anatomic sites during the most recent study periods, those with CGL and CLL showed corresponding decreases in only a few organ sites. The lower rates of organ involvement in patients with AML and ALL attest to the more aggressive eradication of leukemic cells by therapeutic regimens in these diseases over time. In particular, the significant decrease in the rate of meningeal involvement by ALL during the most recent period is probably attributable to central nervous system prophylaxis.
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PMID:An autopsy study of 1206 acute and chronic leukemias (1958 to 1982). 347 54

An unusual case of chronic myeloid leukemia presenting to the gynecological unit as a case of septic abortion is presented. Though history and clinical examination suggested the possibility of double pathology of septic abortion and chronic myeloid leukemia, histology of the products removed from the uterus showed it to be leukemic deposits. The diagnosis of leukemia was confirmed by marrow aspiration (trephine biopsy). Careful clinical examination and systematic investigation helped in diagnosing the pathology and to treat her appropriately.
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PMID:Chronic myeloid leukemia presenting as a gynecological emergency. 347 17

Two hundred and thirty-six cases of multiple primary cancer associated with hematological malignancies, collected from 35 medical institutions in Japan, are reported. Based on the time interval between the first cancer and the second cancer, they were divided into three groups: synchronous cancer (94 cases), metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancy (61 cases) and metachronous hematological malignancy subsequent to carcinoma (76 cases). The most common initial cancers were acute leukemia (including atypical leukemia and erythroleukemia), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and chronic myelogenous leukemia of the hematological malignancies, and gastric cancer of the carcinomas. Patients with cancer of the uterus and breast in the metachronous cancer group metachronously developed hematological malignancies more frequently than those in the synchronous cancer group. Multiple primary cancer was observed more frequently in men than in women both in the synchronous cancer group and in the group with metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancies. Acute leukemia was the most frequent disease type in incidence among the metachronous hematological malignancies. This secondary acute leukemia was characterized by a mostly granulocytic nature, poor response to chemotherapy and poor prognosis.
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PMID:Multiple primary cancers associated with hematological malignancies. 400 83

We report a case of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) in which the initial manifestation of blastic crisis was massive genital bleeding. The bleeding was diagnosed as being caused by CML metastasis to the uterus on the basis of the magnetic resonance imaging findings.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of metastasis of chronic myelocytic leukemia to the uterus. 1067 26

Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian carcinoma is the most frequent cause of death, with the majority of patients presenting at advanced stage. There is a high rate of recurrence despite first-line chemotherapy. Sarcoma of the uterus, while accounting for a small percent of uterine cancers, is also associated with a high-recurrence rate and poor overall survival. Therefore, the development of novel treatment strategies is paramount. Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp., East Hanover, NJ) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against abl, c-kit, and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and is approved for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Preclinical data provides evidence for c-kit and PDGFR expression in ovarian epithelial carcinomas and uterine sarcomas and have led to clinical trials evaluating the use of imatinib in these malignancies. Additionally, inhibition of PDGFR signaling has been proposed as an effective mechanism of chemotherapy by lowering tumor interstitial fluid pressure. Recent data have also suggested benefit with metronomic scheduling of cytotoxic agents at lower doses at more frequent dosing intervals, in combination with other targeted therapies. While activity of this agent remains to be established, further studies of imatinib in gynecologic malignancies are warranted, to demonstrate not only single-agent activity and the enhancement of cytotoxicity of other antineoplastic agents.
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PMID:Imatinib mesylate and its potential implications for gynecologic cancers. 1571 93

The purpose of this study was to update both researchers and clinicians about the cancer incidence in methyl isocyanate (MIC) exposed long-term survivors and in their offspring, focusing on the etiological plausibility. In the time period 2006-2011, cancer morbidity was evaluated in the population surviving after exposure to (MIC) on December 3rd, 1984, in Bhopal. This descriptive study is based on hospital registration of 1261 cancer patients those are MIC gas victims and their subsequently born offspring. Morbidity status was studied on the basis of gender, age, organ and site with relative percentages. Cancers on specific sites, with special reference to breast (n=231) (18.31%), lung (n=103) (8.16%), tongue (n=103) (8.16%), buccal mucosa (n=94) (7.45%), cervix (n=72) (5.70%), and esophagus (n=68) (5.39%) were found in high proportions. Ovary (n=43) (3.40%), brain (n=42) (3.33%), larynx (n=40) (3.17%), non-Hodgkin's (n=31) (2.45%), gallbladder (n=29) (2.29%), stomach (n=28) (2.22%), head and neck (n=28) (2.22%), liver (n=27) (2.14%), acute lymphoid leukemia (n=24) (1.90%), rectum (n=20) (1.58%), colon (n=20) (1.58%), chronic myeloid leukemia (n=17) (1.34%), alveolus (n=17) (1.34%), Hodgkin's (n=14) (1.11%), uterus (n=14) (1.11%), multiple myeloma (n=14) (1.11%), and prostate (n=11) (0.87%) lesions were observed less frequently. Remarkably, gradual increase of cancers on different organs and sites were observed in the long- term survivors and their offspring. The present study observed some cancers which were not previously reported in this population. In addition, we also present the future research directions with systematic approaches to predict cancer risk in long-term survivors and their future generations. On the basis of this morbidity report, we suggest the need of biological surveillance through immune system biomonitoring and cytogenetic screening to predict the cancer risk in the MIC exposed population and their offspring.
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PMID:Cancer morbidity among methyl isocyanate exposed long- term survivors and their offspring: a hospital-based five year descriptive study (2006 - 2011) and future directions to predict cancer risk in the affected population. 2247 95

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is normal during fetal life, but after birth, the presence of EMH is considered to be abnormal. The most common sites for EMH are the liver, the spleen, and paraspinal regions of the thorax; however, it has been reported to involve virtually any organ or tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of EMH involving the entire upper genital tract, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. A 43-yr-old African American woman presented with a tender pelvic mass and a markedly elevated white blood cell count. Imaging was consistent with bilateral tuboovarian abscesses. Laparotomy and removal of uterus, tubes, and ovaries and bone marrow biopsy confirmed chronic myelogenous leukemia in the chronic phase and EMH in the cervix, endometrium, and ovaries, and no evidence of infection. We believe this to be the first reported case of EMH involving all organs of the upper genital tract presenting in a patient who has chronic myelogenous leukemia but not in blast crisis. This case illustrates the importance of a broad differential diagnosis when managing a patient with a pelvic mass and the value of a multidisciplinary team approach.
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PMID:Extramedullary hematopoiesis involving uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, mimicking bilateral tuboovarian abscesses. 2301 20