Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nilotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor with 20- to 30-fold greater potency than imatinib, was developed to overcome imatinib intolerance or resistance. Recently, nilotinib has been approved as a first-line treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia in the US and Japan. Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an extremely rare adverse event that can occur during treatment with nilotinib, with only a few reported cases to date. Herein, we report two patients who developed TLS soon after the start of treatment with nilotinib. While in the first case, which co-presented with underlying mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency due to polycystic kidney disease, the TLS resolved on discontinuation of the drug, the second patient, who had an exceedingly high white blood cell count, presented with disseminated intravascular coagulation and severe liver injury triggered by TLS that developed after the start of nilotinib treatment, and died of multiple organ failure. Therefore, caution is necessary when this drug is used in the first-line setting in patients with renal insufficiency or a high tumor burden.
...
PMID:Tumor lysis syndrome soon after treatment with hydroxyurea followed by nilotinib in two patients with chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia. 2364 69

Leukemia is a clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. The four broad subtypes most likely to be encountered by primary care physicians are acute lymphoblastic, acute myelogenous, chronic lymphocytic, and chronic myelogenous. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurs more often in children, whereas the other subtypes are more common in adults. Risk factors include a genetic predisposition as well as environmental factors, such as exposure to ionizing radiation. Symptoms are nonspecific and include fever, fatigue, weight loss, bone pain, bruising, or bleeding. A complete blood count usually reveals leukocytosis and other abnormally elevated or depressed cell lines. Patients with suspected leukemia should be referred promptly to a hematologist-oncologist. The diagnosis is confirmed by further examination of the bone marrow or peripheral blood. Treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation, monoclonal antibodies, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Complications of treatment include tumor lysis syndrome and serious infections from immunosuppression. Leukemia survivors should be monitored closely for secondary malignancies, cardiac complications, and endocrine disturbances such as metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism, and hypogonadism. Five-year survival rates are highest in younger patients and in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia or chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
...
PMID:Leukemia: an overview for primary care. 2478 36

Overall prognosis of cancer or haematological has dramatically decreased over the last decades. Thus advances regarding cancer or haematological treatment, improved knowledge of usual complications and of their pathophysiology and changes in ICU admission policy and management are among factors which participated to the overall prognostic changes. Tyrosine-Kinase inhibitors in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and anti-CD20 antibodies in patients with non-hodgkin's lymphoma were among the first success of targeted therapies. These success stories have been followed by others and no less than 13 targeted therapies were available for cancer patients in December 2013. Additionally, pathophysiology of complication is better understood and prognostic impact of organ failure better apprehended. Standardized diagnostic criteria of tumor lysis syndrome along with improved understanding of short-term and long term influence of acute kidney injury (AK) in this setting have led to specific management strategiesfocusing on prevention. In non-malignant haematological diseases, pathophysiological processes leading to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura or atypical haemolytic and uremic syndrome are now better understood leading to additional therapeutic options. Last, diversification of ICU admission policies may help in taking into account uncertainties, therapeutic advances and patients' autonomy. This review will give an overview of these recent advances.
 ...
PMID:[Critical care of Onco-hematology patients: new therapeutic targets, new complications and new admission policies]. 2747 11


<< Previous 1 2