Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen patients with myeloproliferative syndrome (14 with chronic myeloid leukemia, four with essential thrombocytosis) were investigated for modulation of HLA antigens on peripheral blood lymphocytes, monocytes, and hematopoietic precursors during IFN alpha therapy as a sign of potentially increased immune recognition of malignant cells. After 1 month of IFN alpha therapy, an increased number of monocytes and hematopoietic precursor cells, but not of lymphocytes, expressed HLA-DQ antigens. In addition, a strong induction of HLA class-I antigens was found on both hematopoietic progenitors and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. With daily injections of IFN in the first month of therapy stimulation continuously increased, suggested a major effect of IFN alpha on hematopoietic progenitors with sustained enhanced expression of HLA class-I antigens during differentiation of myelomonocytic cells. HLA class-I antigen expression was consistently augmented by IFN alpha in all patients, irrespective of their hematological response.
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PMID:In vivo induction of HLA molecules in patients with myeloproliferative syndrome during IFN alpha treatment. 195 50

In vitro platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and in whole blood (WB) was assessed in 31 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis, 32 with essential thrombocytosis, 23 with polycythemia vera, and 34 with chronic myelogenous leukemia. In PRP most subjects showed normal or reduced platelet aggregation, whereas in WB the majority of patients showed increased platelet function. Spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was observed frequently in WB, whereas it was seldom observed in PRP. SPA in WB was inhibited by in vitro addition of aspirin and apyrase, and SPA was only partially dependent on high platelet count because it also occurred in samples with normal platelet content (at variance with 13 subjects with reactive thrombocytosis, in which SPA was observed only in samples with high platelet concentration). Platelets from patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis had the highest tendency to undergo SPA.
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PMID:Platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and whole blood in 120 patients with myeloproliferative disorders. 198 55

Seventeen patients with myeloproliferative disorders and one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL) were treated with ranimustine++ (MCNU), and the efficacy was evaluated. MCNU was given intravenously by drip infusion at an usual dose of 100 approximately 150 mg with intervals arranged according to the counts of peripheral blood cells. A complete remission was achieved in all 10 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. In three of patients with polycythemia vera (PV) the excellent effects were obtained, and the other 2 cases showed moderate effect. An excellent effect was obtained in both 2 patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). A patient with CMMoL revealed partial remission. The overall efficacy rate was 100%. The cases with CML needed more long term and much more dose of the drug in order to get remission compared with PV and ET. After remission in both PV and ET, well controlled states were maintained for a relatively long period with no additional administration. In CMMoL, MCNU combined with 6-mercaptopurine also showed remarkable anti-tumor effects. It suggests that MCNU may be one of the useful drugs for the treatment of CMMoL. The side effects observed with MCNU were a slight degree of nausea and vomiting (28%), however they showed no trouble on carrying out the therapy.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effect of ranimustine(MCNU) on myeloproliferative disorder and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]. 199 19

Sixty-three bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood specimens from patients with platelet counts of 1000 x 10(9)/L or greater were examined in an attempt to determine if any BM or peripheral blood findings could be used reliably to distinguish primary thrombocythemia from other myeloproliferative disorders and extreme examples of reactive thrombocytosis. Our results indicated that the BM findings in primary thrombocythemia were quite similar to those in polycythemia vera and chronic granulocytic leukemia with associated extreme thrombocytosis. However, statistically significant differences between the BM findings in myeloproliferative disorders and extreme reactive thrombocytosis were found in the numbers of megakaryocytes, presence or absence of megakaryocyte clusters, stainable iron, cellularity, and reticulin content. We concluded that BM examination is a useful procedure as an aid in determining the cause of extreme thrombocytosis.
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PMID:Bone marrow and peripheral blood findings in patients with extreme thrombocytosis. A report of 63 cases. 202 16

The myeloproliferative disorders comprise a group of related diseases, including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelofibrosis, and myeloid metaplasia. An increase in circulating platelets is associated with thrombotic phenomena affecting the arterial and venous circulation. In this article, the authors describe a case in which the initial manifestation of myeloproliferative disease was gangrene of the fingers.
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PMID:Gangrene of the fingers secondary to myeloproliferative disease. 206 51

A 64-year-old woman presented with a platelet count of 3,225 x 10(9)/L. Bone marrow morphology showed massive megakaryocytic hyperplasia; cytogenetic studies showed the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). The presence of a rearrangement involving the major breakpoint cluster region (mbcr) on chromosome 22 was confirmed by Southern blotting techniques. A diagnosis of Ph positive essential thrombocythemia (ET) was made. Such cases constitute less than 5% of patients with ET and it has been proposed that they be considered examples of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) because of a shared propensity to progress to blast crisis. An argument is presented for retaining Ph positive ET as an entity separate from Ph negative ET and Ph positive CML.
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PMID:Essential thrombocythemia with the Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL gene rearrangement. An entity distinct from chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-negative essential thrombocythemia. 206 12

Sialyl Lewisx-i (SLX) was found in more than 40% of patients with acute leukemia or chronic myelogenous leukemia, and in about 20% of those with myelodysplastic syndrome or malignant lymphoma. This tumor marker was absent in all patients with polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis, chronic lymphatic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and those with acute leukemia or malignant lymphoma in remission. The marker was found in 8% and of the patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and 33% of those with autoimmune hemolytic anemia but in no patient with aplastic anemia or megaloblastic anemia. Immunostaining with SLX antibody showed that tumor cells of the patients with high levels of serum SLX were producing the SLX antigen. The detection of this marker in the serum is thought to be useful not only in the diagnosis but also in the observation of the recurrence of the diseases.
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PMID:Evaluation of serum sialyl Lewisx-i in hematologic disorders. 207 71

Numeric and planimetric parameters of megakaryocytes have been analyzed in 162 bone marrow biopsies of patients with chronic myeloproliferative disorders--CMPD--and controls by means of an inductive knowledge-based system in combination with a multivariate data analysis. To achieve a reliable differential diagnosis between the different entities of CMPD and controls, decision trees and the rank order of the best discriminating parameters have been calculated. The cases measured were defined by 3 histopathologists who were involved in the elaboration of the Hannover Classification of CMPD. The results demonstrate striking numeric and morphologic characteristics of the megakaryopoiesis in each separate primary category of CMPD, that is (1) chronic myeloid leukemia of the common type and (2) with megakaryocytic increase, (3) polycythemia vera, (4) primary or idiopathic thrombocythemia, and (5) chronic megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis. Thus, the morphometric measurements did confirm the validity of the Hannover Classification of CMPDs. In order to evaluate the information contained in large quantitative and semiquantitative data bases and diagnostic decisions, knowledge-based expert systems seem to represent a valuable addition to conventional statistics.
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PMID:Quantitative cytomorphology of megakaryocytes in chronic myeloproliferative disorders--analysis of planimetric and numeric characteristics by means of a knowledge based system. 209 68

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a platelet count higher than 1000 x 10(9)/l. Bone marrow karyotype aberrations are occasionally observed. The presence of cytogenetic and molecular markers of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was assessed in 25 patients with the clinical features of ET. One displayed a complex translocation (9; 15; 22) (q34.1 or q34.3; q26.1; q11), and another a Philadelphia chromosome with standard translocation (9; 22) (q34; q11). Southern blot analysis revealed a rearranged breakpoint cluster region (bcr) in each case. Both patients experienced a stormy disease course without a leukemic transformation. These data indicate that the Philadelphia chromosome rarely occurs in ET and strongly influences patient outcome.
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PMID:Analysis of the breakpoint cluster region in essential thrombocythemia. 209 1

Interferon alfa has been used in the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, and idiopathic thrombocythemia. The effectiveness of interferon alfa in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia needs additional evaluation, although preliminary evidence suggests that it may be more efficacious when used in the cellular (ie, proliferative) phase than when the marrow is fibrotic or osteosclerotic. Cytogenetic and molecular changes after interferon alfa therapy are apparent in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, as manifested by change in the Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL gene, respectively. The exact role of interferon in prolonging the life of chronic myeloid leukemia patients, however, remains to be determined in larger studies of longer duration. Interferon treatment seems to be well tolerated, and the frequency of treatment-limiting toxicity is low. Data to date suggest that interferon alfa may be a new and effective drug for the treatment of the myeloproliferative disorders.
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PMID:Interferon in the treatment of myeloproliferative diseases. 211 94


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