Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Characteristic pulmonary findings in an autopsy case of a 46-year-old female who presented heavy dyspnea as her chief complaint after 3 months of busulfan therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia were reported. The pulmonary findings were classified into four types: I. alveolar proteinosis type, II. intra alveolar fibrosis type, III. interstitial fibrosis type, and IV. lipid pneumonia type with cholesterol granuloma. No other case with various findings like this case has been previously reported. It was considered that type I is the basic type, type II is a type that developed from type I, type III is a type with interstitial cell infiltration and fibrosis and type IV is a lipidrich variant of type I. A large lamellar body was first found in the granular material of type I. It is supposed that such a body consists of osmiophilic body which originated from type B alveolar epithelial cells and blood plasma.
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PMID:Varied pulmonary lesions with intraalveolar large lamellar bodies in an autopsy case with busulfan therapy. 26 57

Quantitative glycogen determinations can be made in single blood and bone marrow cells, using microspectrophotometry or microfluorometry after staining with variants of the periodic acid--Schiff (PAS) reaction. These PAS variant reactions generally do not indicate the presence of non-glycogen PAS-positive substances, known to be prevalent in various hematopoietic cells, possibly due to masking of reactive groups. The specificity of the reaction in blood cells was ascertained by alpha-amylase digestion, which removed more than 95% of the PAS-positive material. Calibration of the PAS reaction was undertaken with a microdroplet model of pure leukocyte glycogen. The glycogen amounts in the droplets were determined by microinterferometry, the droplets were stained with a variant PAS reaction, and the total extinction of the reaction product in the stained droplets was determined by microspectrophotometry. The extinction coefficient (k) was obtained from the equation k equals Etot divided by M where (Etot) is the total extinction as determined by microspectrophotometry and (M) the dry glycogen amount as determined by microinterferometry. The microinterferometric dry mass determinations were calibrated by X-ray absorption in order to obtain the absolute amounts of glycogen. For practical purposes a reference system was made of normal neutrophil leukocytes. The glycogen content in the reference neutrophils was first determined with the micromodel. These neutrophils, now with a known glycogen amount, were stained with the PAS reagents and measured microspectrophotometrically in parallel with cells containing an unknown glycogen amount. Alternatively, the staining was made with a fluorescent PAS reaction, and the glycogen content determined by microfluorometry. Both methods appeared suitable for determining the glycogen content of blood cells from patients with various diseases, though the microfluorometric method was preferable for measurements of small amounts of inhomogeneously distributed glycogen. The mean glycogen content of normal neutrophil leukocytes was found to be 13.6 times 10(-12) g. The content was increased in infectious diseases such as pneumonia and tonisillitis, as well as in polycythemia vera and myelofibrosis, while low amounts were found in untreated chronic myelocytic leukemia. In chronic myelocytic leukemia in remission, the glycogen content of mature neutrophils had completely normalized. Erythroblasts normally do not contain detectable amounts of glycogen. However, in certain diseases such as beta-thalassemia and Di Guglielomo's syndrome, appreciable amounts of glycogen accumulate in the erythropoietic precursor cells. In beta-thalassemia this was associated with an arrest in the proliferation of early polychromatic erythroblasts, which accumulate glycogen in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In all these diseases quantitative glycogen determinations in the blood cells have diagnostic importance.
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PMID:Quantitative cytochemistry of glycogen in blood cells. Methods and clinical application. 107 52

We report a patient who underwent two allogeneic bone marrow transplants for chronic myelogenous leukemia, initially in 1984 and again after relapse in 1990, who developed an identical pulmonary syndrome at a similar interval following each transplant. The patient presented with a non-productive cough, bilateral inspiratory crackles, and multiple patchy infiltrates on chest X-ray. Pulmonary function testing revealed a restrictive abnormality but no obstructive defects. The appearance of this pulmonary disorder after each transplant coincided with the development of chronic graft-versus-host disease. In both instances, this pulmonary syndrome completely reversed with corticosteroid therapy. The patient's chest computed tomographic scan and lung biopsy specimens were consistent with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP). While bronchiolitis obliterans has been reported following allogeneic transplant, BOOP has not previously been reported in this setting.
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PMID:Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia as a complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 768 3

Bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling is increasingly used as a curative therapy for patients with hemopoietic stem cell disorders including acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia and severe aplastic anemia. Between March 1983 and March 1991, we performed 86 cases of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for the patients with hemopoietic stem cell disorders: 25 acute myelogenous leukemia (AML); 15 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); 20 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML); and 26 severe aplastic anemia (SAA). Ten out of 25 AML are in disease free survival (DFS). The causes of death were recurrence of leukemia (12), acute GVHD (3), sepsis (1) and veno-occlusive disease (1). Nine of 15 ALL are in unmaintained remission. Thirteen out of 20 CML are in DFS. Among 26 SAA, 21 are enjoying DFS, but 1 died of engraftment failure, 3 of graft rejection followed by cytomegalovirus (1) and aspergillus pneumonia (1). Comparing the survival between standard [less than or equal to CR1: 9/14 (64%)] and high risk [greater than or equal to CR1: 1/11 (9%)] AML, our data suggest that preparative regimen for high risk AML was not potent enough to eradicate the minimal residual disease in advanced AML. Although our cases are limited and the follow-up period is short, our result of ALL [overall: CCR (60%), standard risk (adult less than or equal to CR1, children less than or equal to CR2; 8/11 (73%) and high risk; 1/4 (25%)] and CML [overall: 65%, CP; 9/10 (90%), AP; 4/6 (67%), BP; 0/4 (0%)] are optimistic. It is of our interest that the incidence of death related with IP (1/33: 3%) and with AGVHD 94/33: 12%) were much less than that of other's observation but the explanation for this still remains to be clear.
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PMID:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for the patients with hemopoietic stem cell disorders: CUMC experience. 151 32

Twenty-one patients (median age = 34, range = 10-49; F:M = 7:14) received a preparative regimen consisting of busulfan 4 mg/kg/day x 4, cytosine arabinoside 2 g/m2/12 h x 4 and cyclophosphamide 60 mg/kg/day x 2 ('BAC' regimen) for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Out of 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), two were in first remission, six were in second remission and four had resistant, relapsed disease or prolonged marrow aplasia after induction chemotherapy. Five of the 12 patients with AML had secondary AML. Four patients had transfusion-dependent myelodysplastic syndrome. Three patients with chronic myeloid leukemia were in the accelerated phase and two were in the blastic phase. Organ toxicities related to the preparative regimen were graded. Liver toxicity occurred in 11 patients, two of these were fatal veno-occlusive disease (VOD) (10%). Nineteen of the 21 patients had grade 2 or less diarrhea, and 13 also had mucositis. One patient developed grade 3 cardiac toxicity, and one other patient had grade 1 skin toxicity. Four patients had gross hematuria related to treatment (19%). No renal, pulmonary or CNS toxicities were encountered. Ten patients have died, two from regimen-related hepatic VOD. Of the remaining eight deaths, four were from respiratory failure in four patients (one case each of Pneumocystis pneumonia, CMV pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease, and interstitial pneumonitis complicated pulmonary emboli), and one patient each from GI bleeding, cardiac arrhythmia, sepsis and CNS bleeding. Thus far, only one patient transplanted for secondary AML in second remission relapsed at day 230.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in high-risk myeloid disorders using busulfan, cytosine arabinoside and cyclophosphamide (BAC). 154 49

Only a minority of all patients with CML can today be treated by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) but the probability of cure for such patients is high. The complications of BMT are similar to those that occur following transplant for other diseases, notably GVHD, pneumonitis and infections. Of special interest is the demonstration that a graft-versus-leukaemia effect plays a role in the cure of CML. Studies using the polymerase chain reaction to detect minimal residual disease (BCR/ABL transcripts) may prove useful in predicting relapse and optimizing conditioning schedules. It is now important to test whether BMT can be equally successful in older patients (over 50 years) and in those lacking HLA-identical sibling donors. For other patients autografting may offer the possibility of achieving complete cytogenetic remission and perhaps prolonging life.
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PMID:Bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukaemia. 157 36

A 52 year old male presenting chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph) four years after the diagnosis of a non Hodgkin's lymphoma is described. The patient had received high total doses of alkylating drugs (cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil) as part of chemotherapy treatment for a diffuse mixed lymphoma. At four years of diagnosis of the lymphoma the appearance of hepatosplenomegaly, leukocytosis with myeloma and basophilia and thrombocytosis were observed. These alterations augmented progressively until a cytogenetic study of the bone marrow two years late established the diagnosis of CML upon demonstrating the presence of the Ph chromosome with no other karyotypic anomalies being observed. The explorations carried out at that time confirmed that the lymphoma continued to be in remission. The CML initially responded to treatment with busulphan. However, following a year and a half the disease evolved to a phase of acceleration and the patient died a few weeks later due to pneumonia with no signs indicative of lymphoma activity having been detected since the diagnosis of the CML.
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PMID:[Chronic myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy treatment for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]. 163 10

Fifteen patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) who were ineligible for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or alpha-interferon therapy were included in this study. Eight patients were in the first late chronic phase, five were in the second chronic phase, one was in the accelerated phase, and one was in the blastic phase. Autologous bone marrow cells (median, 2.5 x 10(8) nucleated cells/kg) were stored at a median of 30 months after diagnosis. Patients were treated with cyclophosphamide (1.5 g/m2 daily for 4 days), carmustine (BCNU) (300 mg/m2), and etoposide (VP-16) (250 mg/m2 daily for 3 days) (CBV), followed by reinfusion of autologous bone marrow. Hematopoietic recovery was rapid, and toxicity was mild to moderate in 14 patients. One patient died of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis. Eight of 15 patients showed Ph suppression to less than 90% Ph-positive metaphases after autologous BMT. Major cytogenetic responses (Ph suppression to less than 35% Ph-positive metaphases) developed in four patients. Cytogenetic responses were observed in 4 of 11 patients infused with 100% Ph-positive marrows, and in all 4 patients infused with Ph-mosaic marrows (mixture of diploid and Ph-positive cells). Better results were observed when autologous BMT was performed in the chronic phase compared with the advanced phases. The major cytogenetic responses have lasted for 3, 4, 12, and 15+ months, whereas minor cytogenetic responses lasted for only a short time (less than 2 months). Three of seven patients (43%) in the chronic phase with previous resistance to alpha-interferon therapy became sensitive to alpha-interferon therapy after autologous BMT. The authors concluded that intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous BMT produced cytogenetic remissions in patients with Ph-positive CML and reinduced disease sensitivity to alpha-interferon therapy in patients previously resistant to it. This is particularly useful when treatment is given during the chronic phase and stem cells are collected at a time of previous cytogenetic remission.
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PMID:Intensive combination chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation leads to the reappearance of Philadelphia chromosome-negative cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 167 51

A new complicated Ph1 translocation involving five chromosomes, t(9;22;21;11;inv ins(12)-(q15p12p13))(q34;q11;q22;q13;q15), was found in a 64-year-old Korean woman with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). At presentation, the patient was found to be in the accelerated phase, she entered the chronic phase after six cycles of chemotherapy including a vincristine (VCR) and prednisolone (PSL) regimen (VP). The chronic phase continued for 2 years, and 33 months after her first admission she died due to severe pneumonia and congestive heart failure in the re-accelerated phase. In the literature, the frequency of the involvement of chromosome No. 11 in three-way Ph1 translocations (4.9%) is lower than that in four- and five-way Ph1 translocations (33.3%). It may be worth noting that chromosome No. 11 is easily involved in highly complicated Ph1 translocations.
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PMID:A complicated translocation involving five chromosomes (Nos. 9, 11, 12, 21 and 22) in a patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). 179 30

A fifty-one-year-old male patient visited the Department of Dermatology of Toho University Ohashi Hospital with a complaint of generalized exanthema, which was diagnosed assyringoma; at that time his leukocytosis was recognized. He was admitted to our department on August 8, 1988. Physical examination on admission revealed slight hepatosplenomegaly. WBC count was elevated (50,700/microliters). He was diagnosed as having Ph1-positive CML in the chronic phase and was treated with IFN-alpha (HLBI, Sumitomo, 3 x 10(6) units/day, daily, I. M.) from August 12, but an elevated lesion was detected at the lower part of his esophagus by endoscopy, and it was diagnosed by biopsy as squamous cell carcinoma. Radical operation for esophageal cancer was performed on September 26; at that time his WBC count was 17,400/microliters. After discharge, his WBC level was maintained within normal range by IFN-alpha. On August 2, 1989, he was readmitted to our hospital because of lymphoblastic crisis. Although he attained transient complete remission, he died of pneumonia after the relapse on January 10, 1990. IFN-alpha therapy is suggested to be useful for the treatment of CML associated with gastrointestinal cancer because of its possible parenteral administration and mild toxicity.
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PMID:[Chronic myelocytic leukemia induced into remission by interferon-alpha associated with early esophageal cancer]. 192 Aug 43


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