Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cell surface expression of alpha:beta heterodimer was studied using WT31 monoclonal antibody, in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from a patient who developed a prolonged immunodeficiency after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. This patient, grafted for chronic myelogenous leukemia, received T cell depleted bone marrow from her HLA, A, B, D matched sibling. The late occurrence of opportunistic infection, led us to analyze the phenotype of patient PBL. 70% of PBL were CD3+ and 29% WT31+, indicating that the majority of CD3+ PBL did not express the alpha:beta heterodimer. Transcription of the genes encoding the alpha, beta, and gamma chains was assessed in cell lines derived from PBL, by Northern blot analysis. We showed that the CD3+ WT31- subset expressed a truncated, beta mRNA (1.0 kb) and also truncated alpha transcript (1.4 kb). To determine the CD3-associated structure on CD3+ WT31- cell line, immunoprecipitation assays were performed using monoclonal anti-CD3 and an hetero antiserum against gamma peptides. These CD3+ WT31- cells expressed a disulfide linked dimer, composed of products of gamma gene (37 kD, 40 kD) and of undefined delta chain (45 kD). Functional analyses were performed in PBL before and after sorting with WT31 and anti-CD3 antibody. These circulating CD3+ WT31- cells were unable to proliferate when triggered with anti-T3 beads and they seemed to mediate a suppressor activity on CD3+ WT31+ cells.
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PMID:Predominant expression of circulating CD3+ lymphocytes bearing gamma T cell receptor in a prolonged immunodeficiency after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 304 69

Variable numbers of foamy cells (macrophages with foamy cytoplasm) were noted in generalized organs from four patients who received repeated were noted in generalized organs from four patients who received repeated platelet transfusions. The underlying disease in three cases was aplastic anemia, and the remaining case was chronic myelocytic leukemia. In two patients (aplastic anemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia) bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was done. Opportunistic infection was noted in three out of four cases. The foamy cells were stained black with Sudan black B. Variable amounts of materials immunoreactive with antihuman platelet antibody were demonstrated in most of the foamy cells. Ultrastructurally, the foamy cells contained myelin-like materials. The foamy cells described here resembled those demonstrable in the spleen from patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. We suggest that the foamy appearance of the macrophage results from incomplete intracellular degradation of phagocytosed platelets.
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PMID:Foamy cell syndrome associated with repeated platelet transfusions. 354 14

Six cases of Flavimonas oryzihabitans infection are presented, four of which were community-acquired pneumonia and two of which were nosocomially acquired bacteremia. All four cases of pneumonia occurred in immunosuppressed hosts, three of whom were HIV-positive individuals and one of whom was a young man affected by chronic myeloid leukemia. Flavimonas oryzihabitans is recognized with increasing frequency as a cause of opportunistic infection, but the present cases of community-acquired pneumonia due to this organism are believed to be the first four reported in the English literature. The findings emphasize that Flavimonas oryzihabitans should be included in the list of pathogens that cause community-acquired infections in the immunocompromised host.
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PMID:Unusual clinical presentation of infection due to Flavimonas oryzihabitans. 983 67

Two cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), one in a 51-year-old man with accelerated-phase chronic myeloid leukemia and another in a 35-year-old woman with acute myeloblastic leukemia, are reported. Incidental finding of Leishman-Donovan (LD) bodies in patients with leukemia highlights VL as a potent opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients.
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PMID:Visceral leishmaniasis in two cases of leukemia. 1211 54

We report the first case of Phialemonium obovatum fungemia with subsequent caseating granulomatas in the lung and Crohn disease-like involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in a bone marrow transplant recipient. This phaeoid fungus has been rarely described as an opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients. The patient was diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia and underwent subsequent peripheral bone marrow transplant. After 6 months, he developed graft-versus-host disease of the skin and liver with fever and severe diarrhea. Fecal bacterial cultures and cytomegalovirus serologies were negative. Computed tomographic scan showed a peripheral pulmonary mass. A lung wedge biopsy of the lesion showed septate branching hyphae (4-5 microm in diameter) with terminal globular structures (10 microm in diameter). The hyphae were similar in width to that of an Aspergillus species but had a more moniliform appearance. Blood cultures grew a pure culture of P. obovatum. He was treated with amphotericin B and itraconazole for 6 months without remission of the diarrhea. Biopsies of the stomach, colon, and rectum showed granulomatous inflammation with marked crypt distortion simulating Crohn disease. In retrospect, the fungus was found to be resistant to both of the aforementioned drugs and susceptible to voriconazole and posaconazole. The gastrointestinal findings raise the possibility of further dissemination of a partially treated Phialemonium infection.
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PMID:Lung infection due to opportunistic fungus, Phialemonium obovatum, in a bone marrow transplant recipient: an emerging infection with fungemia and Crohn disease-like involvement of the gastrointestinal tract. 1608 58

To the best of our knowledge, ocular leukemia has not been reported in Saudi Arabia. Seventy-two leukemia patients were seen in King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah over the last 10 years. Thirty-one of those patients had an ocular examination. Seventeen of these were found to have ocular abnormalities related to leukemia. Ten had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, four had acute myeloid leukemia and three had chronic myeloid leukemia. The retina and vitreous were involved in 12 of the ocular relapses, the anterior segment leukemic infiltrate in nine, glaucoma in five, opportunistic infection in four, cranial nerve palsies in three, proptosis and hypotony in two. Conjunctival hemorrhage, choroidal infiltrate and cataract were present in one relapse each. The optic nerve was involved in nine relapses, which is a serious condition that requires immediate intervention to save the patient's sight. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain and orbit was useful in differentiating between optic nerve infiltrate and papilledema. Most ocular relapses responded well to chemotherapy except relapses with optic nerve and anterior segment infiltrate, which required irradiation to save the patient's sight and prevent further relapses. In conclusion, the presented data have shown that ocular leukemia is not rare and emphasizes the importance of early ophthalmologic examination and radiation.
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PMID:Ocular leukemia in King Abdulaziz University Hospital - Jeddah. 1759 May 72

Dasatinib may cause various adverse effects such as myelosuppression and pleural effusion. It is well known that dasatinib may affect cellular immunity, which leads to the subsequent risk of a myriad of infections and viral reactivations, especially cytomegalovirus. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic infection that typically occurs in immunocompromised hosts. Although pneumonia is not uncommon among dasatinib-treated patients, dasatinib-associated PJP has been reported only once in the literature, without a description of the clinical details. We report herein two cases of PJP in patients receiving treatment containing dasatinib. One patient developed PJP at 7 months following dasatinib in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The other patient developed pleural effusion and PJP at 2 years following dasatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia. Both patients recovered well after management with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. Our experience illustrates that PJP is a potentially important complication of dasatinib-based treatment. Raising clinical awareness is important as prompt diagnosis and timely management are the cornerstones of successful treatment.
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PMID:Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients receiving dasatinib treatment. 2493 55