Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary and therapy-induced ocular manifestations of leukemia in 25 of 103 children suffering from the disease (60 patients with ALL, eight with AML, two with CML, 33 with NHL) were kept under observation for an average period of five years. The lens was involved in 10%, the retina in 9%, the optic nerve in 7%, and the orbit in 4% of these cases. The present authors' findings concurred with those published in the literature to date, in that they could not find a pathognomonic combination or a specific frequency of ocular symptoms related to one of the four types of leukemia.
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PMID:[Ocular findings in leukemia in childhood]. 348 Oct 1

Bone marrow transplantation is increasingly used to treat a spectrum of diseases in man, including immune and genetic disorders, hematological diseases, and cancer. Approximately 11,000 transplants have been performed worldwide since 1970. About two-thirds of these transplants have involved donors, including related and unrelated individuals, and in the remaining third the patient's bone marrow has been used in the form of an autotransplant. In some disorders and under carefully defined circumstances, bone marrow transplantation appears to be the preferred therapy; these diseases include aplastic anemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and selected immune and genetic disorders. In other circumstances, the value of bone marrow transplantation is less well defined. Diseases in which bone marrow transplantation may be of benefit include Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, other cancers, thalassemia, hemoglobinopathies, genetic disorders, and possibly multiple myeloma. It has been difficult to precisely identify the role of bone marrow transplantation in many of these diseases. Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials have sometimes shown an advantage for bone marrow transplantation, but in most circumstances a benefit is as yet unproven. In the U.S. the annual incidence of individuals with diseases in which bone marrow transplantation is thought to be of proven benefit is approximately 5,400, and an additional 15,000 individuals annually have diseases in which bone marrow transplantation is thought to be of possible benefit. This study reviews data available from both controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials indicating the potential role of bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of human diseases.
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PMID:Clinical trials of bone marrow transplantation. 352 45

The interferons are an important first member of a family of biologic response-modifiers used in treating human malignancies. Activities associated with the interferons include inhibition of viral replication, influence on cellular protein production, direct antiproliferative effects, and a variety of modulatory effects on the immune response. These regulatory functions of interferon underlie the interest in its use as an anticancer agent. Alpha interferon is the most extensively studied interferon species. Although antitumor activity has been seen both in vitro and in vivo in some solid malignancies, the most impressive responses have occurred in the hematologic malignancies. More than 90 percent of patients with hairy cell leukemia have a sustained recovery of their peripheral blood cell counts with alpha interferon therapy. Approximately 50 percent of patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and cutaneous T cell lymphoma demonstrate a response to alpha interferon. More than 80 percent of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia have a response to alpha interferon, and in one study, nearly half of the patients with response had complete suppression of the Philadelphia chromosome clone on at least one examination. Ongoing clinical trials are addressing such issues as optimal dosage, duration of alpha interferon therapy, and combinations of alpha interferon with other biologic agents, chemotherapy drugs, and radiation.
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PMID:Alpha interferon in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. 353 96

Effects of a 7-day treatment with the maturational agents DMF and sodium butyrate on enzymes of pyrimidine metabolism, growth rate and cell maturation were assessed in 5 human tumor cell lines, ARH-77 (myeloma), K-562 (chronic myeloid leukemia), KG-1 (myeloid leukemia), HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia) and RWLy-1 (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). DMF lengthened the doubling times of all five cell lines while sodium butyrate lengthened only those of K-562, HL-60 and RWLy-1. Full maturation was induced only in HL-60 by either agent and in K-562 by butyrate. Exposure resulted in a decreased activity of the anabolic enzyme orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.10) and increased activities of the catabolic enzymes thymidine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.4) and dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.2). Changes in the amphibolic enzyme, uridine phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.3) did not follow any apparent pattern. This study indicates that the pattern of pyrimidine metabolism differs between the differentiated and slowly growing, and undifferentiated rapidly growing counterpart of several human tumors, suggesting that enzymes of pyrimidine metabolism can be used as markers for cellular growth and/or maturity.
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PMID:Effects of N,N-dimethylformamide and sodium butyrate on enzymes of pyrimidine metabolism in cultured human tumor cells. 368 65

The reactivity of a murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody, NHL-30.5, that detects a surface antigen expressed on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells has been studied. Initially raised against the HL-60 cell line, NHL-30.5 has subsequently reacted with blood and/or bone marrow cells from 15 of 19 AML patients studied at presentation or in relapse, 1 patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), 1 patient with myelofibrosis (MF) who subsequently developed AML, and 1 of 5 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It has shown no detectable binding to cells from AML patients in remission (0/3), patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase (CML) (0/7), normal bone marrow (0/9), normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells, granulocytes, platelets, erythrocytes, monocytes, or splenocytes by radioimmunoassay or fluorescence analysis using flow cytometry. HL-60 cells induced to differentiate following incubation in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) lost their ability to bind NHL-30.5. Immunoprecipitation of iodinated HL-60 cell surface components showed the antigen to have an apparent mol./wt of 180,000 under reducing conditions. These results suggest that the antigen is different from any other myeloid antigens reported to date, and may be useful in further studies of leukemic cell phenotypes.
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PMID:NHL-30.5: a monoclonal antibody reactive with an acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-associated antigen. 385 4

Circulating immune complexes (CICs) have been detected in the sera of patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease, chronic myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia by using C1q-binding and L1210-binding assays. Both assays gave broadly similar patterns of reactivity in terms of frequency and magnitude, though there are some differences. Significantly elevated CIC levels were observed in all pathologic groups. However, sera from NHL patients with an unfavorable prognosis consistently exhibited the highest frequency of positive values and mean CIC levels in both these assays. The two tests showed concordance in 66.6% of the NHL patients' sera and were significantly correlated. Of the sera from NHL patients 12.7% were positive in the C1q-binding assay only and 15.9% in the L1210-binding assay only. Both the assays gave positive results in some patients, and a degree of overlap indicates the presence of different types of CIC in cancer patients' sera. The combined use of two methods for detecting CICs may be useful for evaluation of the activity, the extent, and the prognosis of the malignant disease.
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PMID:Evaluation of circulating immune complexes in lymphomas and leukemias using two different assays. 387 62

The current use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in various hematologic diseases is reviewed. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) involves infusion of bone marrow from a suitable donor into a properly conditioned recipient. Most BMT is allogeneic, in which the donor is genetically dissimilar but shares some common tissue antigens with the recipient. Almost all patients undergoing allogeneic BMT must be "prepared" with high-dose cyclophosphamide to prevent graft rejection. Most patients with hematologic malignancy also receive total body irradiation to eradicate malignant cells located in areas inaccessible to the systemic circulation. Bone marrow transplantation is the treatment of choice for severe aplastic anemia. In acute myelogenous leukemia, the best results are observed in young patients undergoing BMT in first remission. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, BMT is usually reserved for patients in second or subsequent remission. Early results are promising in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia who receive BMT before the accelerated phase or blast crisis of this disease. Allogeneic BMT offers an opportunity for cure in some patients with relapses of Hodgkin's disease or those with certain subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Other diseases for which BMT has been used include severe combined immune deficiency disease, Fanconi's anemia, and multiple myeloma. Complications of BMT include graft failure or rejection, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, and infectious complications; late complications, such as restrictive and obstructive pulmonary disease, cataracts, sterility, and secondary malignancies, may also occur. Bone marrow transplantation has become an important treatment for many hematologic diseases, but it will probably remain a treatment reserved for only a few highly specialized centers. If morbidity and mortality caused by transplant-related complications can be reduced, BMT may be offered to older patients and those without HLA-identical sibling donors.
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PMID:Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of hematologic diseases. 388 73

A Phase II study of a new anthracycline, (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP), was conducted in 162 patients with various hematological malignancies in a multi-institutional cooperative study. THP was given intravenously at a dose of either 10-30 mg/body for 3-5 consecutive days or 40-60 mg/body at 3-week intervals. Of 22 patients with AML, complete remission (CR) was observed in 2 patients and partial remission (PR) in 2. Of 18 patients with ALL, CR was observed in 5 and PR in 3. Of 68 patients with NHL, CR was observed in 11 and PR in 22. Of 8 patients with HD, CR was observed in 4 and PR in 2. One CML case showed CR and one ATL case showed PR. PR was noted in one of 2 patients with mycosis fungoides. Overall remission rate was 43.1% (CR 23 cases and PR 33 cases). The predominant toxicity was myelosuppression. Leukopenia (less than 4,000/mm3) was noted in 67 (77.6%) and thrombocytopenia (less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3) in 24 (27.0%). Nausea/vomiting and anorexia were common, and were observed in 61 (43.3%) and 65 (46.1%) cases, respectively. Hair loss and cardiotoxicity were mild and recovered quickly on discontinuation of THP. Thus, THP was found to be effective for various hematological malignancies including acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:[A phase II study of (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in patients with hematological malignancies. THP Study Group]. 394 12

A Phase II clinical trial of NK 171 (Etoposide), a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin, was undertaken in 56 patients with advanced malignant lymphoma and 36 patients with acute leukemia. The dosage of NK 171 was 110-130 mg/m2 day p.o. or 80-100 mg/m2 day i.v. for 5 consecutive days. Of the 92 patients, 23.9% obtained a complete or partial remission. By tumor type, good responses were obtained in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (34%, 17/50), Hodgkin's disease (25%, 1/4), AML (21.4%, 3/14), and CML-BC (25%, 1/4). Side effects included leukopenia (78.4%), alopecia (62.0%), anorexia (40.2%), nausea (30.4%) thrombocytopenia (25.6%) and fever (16.3%). These results demonstrated NK 171 to be an effective agent against malignant lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia.
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PMID:[Phase II study of NK 171 (etoposide) on malignant lymphomas and acute leukemia. A cooperative study group on NK 171 in hematological malignancies]. 395 73

Two hundred and thirty-six cases of multiple primary cancer associated with hematological malignancies, collected from 35 medical institutions in Japan, are reported. Based on the time interval between the first cancer and the second cancer, they were divided into three groups: synchronous cancer (94 cases), metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancy (61 cases) and metachronous hematological malignancy subsequent to carcinoma (76 cases). The most common initial cancers were acute leukemia (including atypical leukemia and erythroleukemia), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and chronic myelogenous leukemia of the hematological malignancies, and gastric cancer of the carcinomas. Patients with cancer of the uterus and breast in the metachronous cancer group metachronously developed hematological malignancies more frequently than those in the synchronous cancer group. Multiple primary cancer was observed more frequently in men than in women both in the synchronous cancer group and in the group with metachronous cancer subsequent to hematological malignancies. Acute leukemia was the most frequent disease type in incidence among the metachronous hematological malignancies. This secondary acute leukemia was characterized by a mostly granulocytic nature, poor response to chemotherapy and poor prognosis.
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PMID:Multiple primary cancers associated with hematological malignancies. 400 83


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