Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Permanent in vitro growing leukemic cell lines have been established from all types of immunologically classified childhood leukemias. Essential characteristics of primary blasts and cultured cells are identical. In contrast to lymphoblastoid, non-leukemic cell lines, the Epstein-Barr-virus specific nuclear angiten (EBNA) is not detected. Up to now 8 Non-B-non-T cell lines (6 of them were derived from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 2 from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia), 8 T-lines and one B-line have been established. Three Non-B-non-T lines from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (KM-3, RU-3, MH-3) and one T-cell line (JM) were cultivated by ourselves. Cultured blasts represent a pure tumor material which can be propagated in large quantities. Leukemic cell lines reveal a new approach for the search after leukemia-associated proteins and represent another possibility for the experimental investigation of the etiology of leukemia.
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PMID:[Establishment of leukaemia cell lines and their significance for clinical and experimental oncology (author's transl)]. 22 24

The phagocytosis (in the absence of serum factors) of zymosan particles by peripheral leukocytes isolated from ten patients with acute leukemia (AMbL, AMoL, AMML, AUL, ALL and CML-BC) was studied at the electron microscope. An evident phagocytic activity was observed only in the cells in which cytochemical and ultrastructural features suggested that the blast elements belonged to the monocytic series. However, no phagocytosis by unclassifiable leukemic blasts was observed, even though they had some submicroscopic characteristics of the monocytic series. These findings suggest that phagocytic capacity develops during the course of cell differentiation, becoming striking only when the blast cell acquires the ultrastructural features of the pro-monocytic stage. Using the myeloperoxidase reaction, this study also demonstrates a morphological alteration in the degranulation process after the ingestion of zymosan particles in both the blasts and the mature PMN cells of leukemic patients. This defect could be related to the susceptibility to severe infections usually found in subjects with hematological malignancies.
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PMID:Ultrastructural study of leukemic cell phagocytosis using the myeloperoxidase reaction. 22 98

Two children presented with Ph1-positive leukemia, confirmed by Giemsa banding as 22q-. One child showed an initial presentation characteristic of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, followed by development of chronic myelocytic leukemia 2 yr later. A second child presented in blast crisis. Both patients showed blast cells possessing both lymphoid and myeloid characteristics, as demonstrated by histochemical, biochemical, or surface receptor properties of each cell series. The evidence provided supports the assumption of mixed lymphoid-myeloid properties of blast cells in chronic myelocytic leukemia in children. Detailed study of the leukemic cells may aid in the understanding of complex stem cell relationships and suggest more effective therapeutic approaches.
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PMID:Ph1-positive childhood leukemias: spectrum of lymphoid-myeloid expressions. 26 77

The incidence of amoeboid movement configuration (AMC), a cell shape suggestive of cell locomotion at the moment of fixation, has been studied in the tumour cells of bone marrow smears from leukaemia patients at the time of diagnosis. The groups of patients with CML (n = 8), ALL (n = 5) and CLL (n = 9) were small, and the incidences of AMC were close to those found in the corresponding cell lines from healthy probands. In 39 patients with AML, the incidence of AMC was higher than in the other cell lines investigated. A positive skew distribution of AMC values and a positive significant correlation between incidence of AMC were found at the time of diagnosis and subsequent survival of the patients with AML, in spite of differences in treatment. It is suggested that this positive correlation may be due to an immune reaction of the patients against their tumour cells.
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PMID:Amoeboid movement configuration in tumour cells of bone marrow smears from patients with leukaemia. Incidence and significance. 26 78

Cytogenetic examination of bone marrow cells from three patients with juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) showed 46,XX,3p-,11p+ ,t(11p:3p) in one case, 45XY,-E in another, and 45X(X),-C/47,XX,+G in the third. The case with the translocated chromosome originally presented like an acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). TAn overt clinical picture of juvenile CGL emerged two and a half years later. Serial study of this case revealed no cytogenetic abnormalities until two years after the diagnosis of ALL, when the translocated chromosome was first observed. Unlike the Ph1 chromosome in adult type CGL, chromosomal abnormalities in juvenile CGL lack specificity, resembling ALL in this respect.
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PMID:Cytogenetics of juvenile type chronic granulocytic leukemia. 26 49

A combination of eight cytotoxic drugs, administered simultaneously, has been used in 86 cases of acute leukemia. The regimen, designated TRAMPCOL, incorporated thioguanine, rubidomycin, (daunorubicin), cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and usually L-asparaginase. Treatment was administered in five-day pulses with treatment-free intervals varying from nine to 23 days. Subjective and objective toxic effects were not more severe than those seen with two- and four-drug regimens previously employed. Substantial clinical and hematologic improvement occurred in 8/19 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) in acute transformation. Complete clinical and hematologic remission (CR) was achieved in 3/7 patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 5/19 patients with AML who had failed to achieve CR with other therapy, and 4/18 patients with AML in relapse after CR obtained with regimens other than TRAMPCOL. CR occurred in 15/17 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), most of whom had had multiple previous relapses. CR was not achieved in four patients with AML superimposed on pre-existing myeloproliferative disorders. The TRAMPCOL regimen merits further evaluation in CGL after acute transformation, as a primary treatment for AML, and as therapy for ALL 1) in relapse, 2) in adults, 3) in children with adverse prognostic features, and 4) in T-cell ALL.
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PMID:Multiple-drug chemotherapy for acute leukemia The TRAMPCOL regimen: results in 86 patients. 26 3

Two patients with a typical hematologic pattern of acute lymphatic leukemia were brought into complete remission by treatment. A few weeks later they developed a typical peripheral and bone marrow pattern of chronic granulocytic leukemia, with Philadelphia chromosome and very low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase. These cases, along with other findings recently reported in the literature, support the possibility of a previously unrecognized relationship between lymphoblastic cell populations and chronic granulocytic leukemia.
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PMID:Lymphoid blastic crisis at the onset of chronic granulocytic leukemia: report of two cases. 26 31

The occurrence of circulating immune complexes was investigated in 467 serum samples from 230 leukemia patients using the [(125)I]Clq-binding test. There was an increased serum [(125)I]Clq-binding activity in 40% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, 23% with acute lymphatic leukemia, 46% in blastic crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia, 12% with chronic lymphatic leukemia, and 13% with chronic myeloid leukemia. In 48 patients, serum was also tested for soluble immune complexes by the Raji cell radioassay; the correlation between results of the two tests was significant. The Clq-binding material had properties identical with those of immune complexes. It sedimented as 14-28s material on sucrose density gradient. It contained IgG which could be dissociated at acid pH. Its Clq-binding properties could be removed after passage through anti-IgG immuno-absorbant or after a mild reduction-alkylation treatment, but were not sensitive to deoxyribonuclease treatment. Circulating immune complexes were found most commonly during the blastic stage of leukemia.Remission took place in 75.4% of patients with no detectable circulating immune complexes at the onset of acute leukemia, but in only 32.7% of those with detected complexes during this period. Median survival times of the former group of patients were more than 18 mo in acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphatic leukemia and more than 8(1/2) mo in blastic crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. The corresponding median survival times in the latter patient group were 64, 135, and 90 days. These findings were unrelated to prognostic features already known.
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PMID:Clinical relevance of circulating immune complexes in human leukemia. Association in acute leukemia of the presence of immune complexes with unfavorable prognosis. 26 30

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) has been increasingly reported in association with myeloproliferative disorders. Monoclonal gammaopathy, myeloma, myeloid metaplasia, and polycythemia have all been found in association with PG. Recently, seven cases of PG in association with leukemia have been described: three cases with acute myeloblastic leukemia, two cases with chronic myelogenous leukemia, one case with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and one case with acute leukemia of either plasma cell or myeloblast origin. To these we add two cases of PG with acute myeloblastic leukemia. These patients often have an atypical clinical presentation for PG, with bullae and relatively superficial involvement obscuring the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Atypical pyoderma gangrenosum with leukemia. 27 73

With the advent of more effective chemotherapy an increasing incidence of central nervous system involvement in acute lymphocyte (ALL) and myelocytic leukemias (AML) and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) in blast crisis has become evident. Meningeal involvement in the chronic phase of CML is rare. We report two children whose initial presentation of Ph1 CML was in the central nervous system as documented by cytocentrifugation. Aggressive combination chemotherapy and cranial irradiation has resulted in prolonged survival without blastic transformation or further meningeal disease. An approach to children with CML is suggested.
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PMID:Central nervous system involvement at presentation in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia in childhood. 27 16


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